Pain in the heart, rapid heartbeat, lack of air. Shortness of breath and tachycardia at the same time

Not enough air: causes of breathing difficulties - cardiogenic, pulmonary, psychogenic, others

Breathing is a natural physiological act that occurs constantly and to which most of us do not pay attention, because the body itself regulates the depth and frequency breathing movements depending on the situation. The feeling of not having enough air is probably familiar to everyone. It may appear after a quick run, climbing stairs to a high floor, or with strong excitement, but healthy body quickly copes with such shortness of breath, bringing breathing back to normal.

If short-term shortness of breath after exercise does not cause serious concerns, quickly disappearing during rest, then long-term or suddenly arising sudden difficulty breathing can signal a serious pathology, often requiring immediate treatment. Acute lack of air when closing respiratory tract foreign body, pulmonary edema, asthmatic attack can cost life, so any breathing disorder requires clarification of its cause and timely treatment.

Not only the respiratory system is involved in the process of breathing and providing tissues with oxygen, although its role, of course, is paramount. It is impossible to imagine breathing without the proper functioning of the muscular frame. chest and diaphragm, heart and blood vessels, brain. Breathing is influenced by blood composition, hormonal status, activity of the nerve centers of the brain and many external reasons- sports training, hearty food, emotions.

The body successfully adapts to fluctuations in the concentration of gases in the blood and tissues, increasing the frequency of respiratory movements if necessary. When there is a lack of oxygen or an increased need for it, breathing becomes more frequent. Acidosis, which accompanies a number of infectious diseases, fever, and tumors, provokes increased breathing to remove excess carbon dioxide from the blood and normalize its composition. These mechanisms turn on themselves, without our will or effort, but in some cases they become pathological.

Any respiratory disorder, even if its cause seems obvious and harmless, requires examination and a differentiated approach to treatment, therefore, if you feel that there is not enough air, it is better to immediately go to a doctor - a general practitioner, cardiologist, neurologist, or psychotherapist.

Causes and types of breathing problems

When a person has difficulty breathing and lacks air, they speak of shortness of breath. This symptom is considered an adaptive act in response to an existing pathology or reflects the natural physiological process of adaptation to changing external conditions. In some cases, it becomes difficult to breathe, but the unpleasant feeling of lack of air does not arise, since hypoxia is eliminated by an increased frequency of respiratory movements - in case of poisoning carbon monoxide

, working in breathing apparatus, sudden rise to height.

Dyspnea can be inspiratory or expiratory. In the first case, there is not enough air when inhaling, in the second - when exhaling, but a mixed type is also possible, when it is difficult to both inhale and exhale. Shortness of breath does not always accompany illness; it can be physiological, and this is quite natural state

. The causes of physiological shortness of breath are:
Physical exercise;
Excitement, strong emotional experiences;

Being in a stuffy, poorly ventilated room, in the highlands. Physiological increased breathing occurs reflexively and goes away after a short time. People with bad physical fitness

Those who have a sedentary “office” job suffer from shortness of breath in response to physical effort more often than those who regularly visit the gym, swimming pool, or simply take daily walks. As general physical development improves, shortness of breath occurs less frequently. Pathological shortness of breath can develop acutely or be a constant concern, even at rest, significantly worsening with the slightest physical effort. A person suffocates when the airways are quickly closed by a foreign body, swelling of the tissues of the larynx, lungs and others severe conditions . When breathing in this case, the body does not receive what it needs even minimum quantity

oxygen, and other severe disorders are added to shortness of breath. Basic pathological causes

that make it difficult to breathe are:
Diseases of the respiratory system - pulmonary shortness of breath;
Pathology of the heart and blood vessels - cardiac shortness of breath;
Disorders of the nervous regulation of the act of breathing - central type shortness of breath;

Violation of the blood gas composition - hematogenous shortness of breath.

Heart reasons Heart disease is one of the most common reasons why it becomes difficult to breathe. The patient complains that he does not have enough air and notes the appearance of swelling in the legs, etc. Typically, patients whose breathing is impaired due to changes in the heart are already examined and even take appropriate medications, but shortness of breath can not only persist, but in some cases it gets worse.

With heart pathology, there is not enough air when inhaling, that is, inspiratory shortness of breath. It accompanies, can persist even at rest in its severe stages, and is aggravated at night when the patient is lying down.

The most common reasons:

Arrhythmias;
and myocardial dystrophy;
Defects - congenital ones lead to shortness of breath in childhood and even the neonatal period;
Inflammatory processes in the myocardium, pericarditis;
Heart failure.

The occurrence of breathing difficulties in cardiac pathology is most often associated with the progression of heart failure, in which there is either no adequate cardiac output and tissues suffer from hypoxia, or congestion occurs in the lungs due to failure of the left ventricular myocardium ().

In addition to shortness of breath, often combined with dry, painful pain, in people with cardiac pathology, other characteristic complaints arise that make diagnosis somewhat easier - pain in the heart area, “evening” swelling, cyanosis skin, interruptions in the heart. It becomes more difficult to breathe in a lying position, so most patients even sleep half-sitting, thus reducing the inflow venous blood from the legs to the heart and manifestations of shortness of breath.

symptoms of heart failure

During an attack of cardiac asthma, which can quickly turn into alveolar pulmonary edema, the patient literally suffocates - the respiratory rate exceeds 20 per minute, the face turns blue, the neck veins swell, and the sputum becomes foamy. Pulmonary edema requires emergency care.

Treatment of cardiac dyspnea depends on the underlying cause that caused it. An adult patient with heart failure is prescribed diuretics (furosemide, veroshpiron, diacarb), ACE inhibitors (lisinopril, enalapril, etc.), beta blockers and antiarrhythmics, cardiac glycosides, oxygen therapy.

Diuretics (diacarb) are indicated for children, and drugs of other groups are strictly dosed due to possible side effects and contraindications in childhood. Congenital defects, in which the child begins to choke from the very first months of life, may require urgent surgical correction and even heart transplants.

Pulmonary causes

Pathology of the lungs is the second reason leading to difficulty breathing, and both difficulty in inhaling and exhaling is possible. Pulmonary pathology with respiratory failure is:

Chronic obstructive diseases - asthma, bronchitis, pneumosclerosis, pneumoconiosis, pulmonary emphysema;
Pneumo- and hydrothorax;
Tumors;
Foreign bodies of the respiratory tract;
in the branches pulmonary arteries.

Chronic inflammatory and sclerotic changes in the pulmonary parenchyma greatly contribute to respiratory failure. They are aggravated by smoking, poor environmental conditions, and recurrent infections of the respiratory system. Shortness of breath is initially disturbing during physical exertion, gradually becoming permanent as the disease progresses to a more severe and irreversible stage of its course.

In case of lung pathology, the gas composition blood, there is a lack of oxygen, which, first of all, is lacking in the head and brain. Severe hypoxia provokes metabolic disorders in the nervous tissue and the development of encephalopathy.

Patients with bronchial asthma are well aware of how breathing is disrupted during an attack: it becomes very difficult to exhale, discomfort and even pain in the chest appears, arrhythmia is possible, sputum is difficult to separate when coughing and is extremely scarce, the neck veins swell. Patients with such shortness of breath sit with their hands on their knees - this position reduces venous return and the load on the heart, alleviating the condition. Most often, it is difficult for such patients to breathe and lack air at night or in the early morning hours.

In a severe asthmatic attack, the patient suffocates, the skin becomes bluish, panic and some disorientation are possible, and status asthmaticus may be accompanied by convulsions and loss of consciousness.

In case of breathing disorders due to chronic pulmonary pathology, the appearance patient: the chest becomes barrel-shaped, the spaces between the ribs increase, the neck veins are large and dilated, as well as peripheral veins limbs. The expansion of the right half of the heart against the background of sclerotic processes in the lungs leads to its failure, and shortness of breath becomes mixed and more severe, that is, not only the lungs cannot cope with breathing, but the heart cannot provide adequate blood flow, filling the venous part with blood great circle blood circulation

There is also not enough air in case pneumonia, pneumothorax, hemothorax. With inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma, it becomes not only difficult to breathe, the temperature also rises, there are obvious signs of intoxication on the face, and the cough is accompanied by sputum production.

An extremely serious cause of sudden respiratory failure is considered to be the entry of a foreign body into the respiratory tract. This could be a piece of food or a small part of a toy that the baby accidentally inhales while playing. A victim with a foreign body begins to choke, turns blue, quickly loses consciousness, and cardiac arrest is possible if help does not arrive in time.

Thromboembolism of the pulmonary vessels can also lead to sudden and rapidly increasing shortness of breath and cough. It occurs more often in people suffering from pathology of the blood vessels of the legs, heart, and destructive processes in the pancreas. With thromboembolism, the condition can be extremely severe with increasing asphyxia, bluish skin, rapid cessation of breathing and heartbeat.

In children, shortness of breath is most often associated with a foreign body entering during play, pneumonia, or swelling of the laryngeal tissue. Croup- swelling with laryngeal stenosis, which can accompany a wide variety of inflammatory processes, ranging from banal laryngitis to diphtheria. If the mother notices that the baby is breathing frequently, turning pale or blue, showing obvious anxiety or breathing and stopping altogether, then you should immediately seek help. Severe breathing disorders in children are fraught with asphyxia and death.

In some cases, the cause of severe shortness of breath is allergy and Quincke's edema, which are also accompanied by stenosis of the lumen of the larynx. The reason may be food allergen, wasp sting, pollen inhalation, medicine. In these cases, both the child and the adult require emergency medical care to relieve allergic reaction, and in case of asphyxia, tracheostomy and artificial ventilation may be required.

Treatment pulmonary dyspnea must be differentiated. If the reason for everything is foreign body, then it must be removed as quickly as possible, when allergic edema administration is indicated for children and adults antihistamines, glucocorticoid hormones, adrenaline. In case of asphyxia, a tracheo- or conicotomy is performed.

At bronchial asthma multi-stage treatment, including beta-adrenergic agonists (salbutamol) in sprays, anticholinergics (ipratropium bromide), methylxanthines (aminophylline), glucocorticosteroids (triamcinolone, prednisolone).

Acute and chronic inflammatory processes require antibacterial and detoxification therapy, and compression of the lungs with pneumo- or hydrothorax, obstruction of the airways by a tumor is an indication for surgery (puncture of the pleural cavity, thoracotomy, removal of part of the lung, etc.).

Cerebral causes

In some cases, breathing difficulties are associated with damage to the brain, because the most important nerve centers that regulate the activity of the lungs, blood vessels, and heart are located there. Shortness of breath of this type is characteristic of structural damage to brain tissue - trauma, neoplasm, stroke, edema, encephalitis, etc.

Violations respiratory function In case of brain pathology, they are very diverse: both a decrease in breathing and an increase in breathing are possible, and the appearance of different types of pathological breathing. Many patients with severe brain pathology are on artificial ventilation lungs, because they simply cannot breathe on their own.

The toxic effect of microbial waste products and fever leads to an increase in hypoxia and acidification of the internal environment of the body, which causes shortness of breath - the patient breathes frequently and noisily. In this way, the body strives to quickly get rid of excess carbon dioxide and provide tissues with oxygen.

A relatively harmless cause of cerebral dyspnea can be considered functional disorders in the activity of the brain and peripheral nervous system - neurosis, hysteria. In these cases, shortness of breath is of a “nervous” nature, and in some cases this is noticeable to the naked eye, even to a non-specialist.

With intercostal neuralgia, the patient feels severe pain in half of the chest, which intensifies with movement and inhalation; especially impressionable patients may panic, breathe quickly and shallowly. With osteochondrosis, it is difficult to breathe, and constant pain in the spine can provoke chronic shortness of breath, which can be difficult to distinguish from difficulty breathing due to pulmonary or cardiac pathology.

Treatment for difficulty breathing due to musculoskeletal conditions includes physical therapy, physiotherapy, massage, drug support in the form of anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics.

Many expectant mothers complain that as their pregnancy progresses, it becomes more difficult for them to breathe. This sign may be quite normal, because the growing uterus and fetus raise the diaphragm and reduce the expansion of the lungs, hormonal changes and the formation of the placenta contribute to an increase in the number of respiratory movements to provide the tissues of both organisms with oxygen.

However, during pregnancy, breathing should be carefully assessed so as not to miss a seemingly natural increase in breathing. serious pathology, which may be anemia, thromboembolic syndrome, progression of heart failure due to a defect in a woman, etc.

One of the most dangerous reasons According to which a woman may begin to choke during pregnancy, pulmonary embolism is considered. This condition is life-threatening and is accompanied by a sharp increase in breathing, which becomes noisy and ineffective. Asphyxia and death without emergency assistance are possible.

Thus, having considered only the most common reasons difficulty breathing, it becomes clear that this symptom can indicate dysfunction of almost all organs or systems of the body, and in some cases it can be difficult to identify the main pathogenic factor. Patients who have difficulty breathing require a thorough examination, and if the patient is suffocating, emergency qualified assistance is needed.

Any case of shortness of breath requires a trip to the doctor to find out its cause; self-medication in this case is unacceptable and can lead to very serious consequences. This is especially true for breathing problems in children, pregnant women and sudden attacks shortness of breath in people of any age.

Video: what prevents you from breathing? The program “Live Healthy!”

“The heart is beating heavily” - this is how patients can characterize a fairly wide range of sensations. This may include a slow heartbeat, a feeling of tightness in the chest, pain when breathing, and other types of discomfort.

Heavy heartbeat can be a symptom of many diseases

The feeling that the heart is beating heavily and frequently can be caused by various pathologies. Among them the most common:

– causes a feeling of irregularities, palpitations, fatigue and other disturbances.
– increases the load on the heart, which can cause a feeling of heavy heartbeat.
Inflammatory processes in the heart are a fairly rare and very serious pathology.
Non-inflammatory changes (dystrophy or sclerosis of the myocardium) – dangerous condition which leads to development.
– increase the load, disrupt the movement of blood in the myocardium, and create conditions for the development of heart failure.

It should be said that after intense physical activity the feeling strong heartbeat completely normal - this is a natural reaction, and your health returns to normal after rest. You should be wary when even light physical activity causes a feeling of palpitations, or the ability to endure physical labor begins to decrease.

In addition, a feeling of palpitations can occur in healthy children under 7 years of age - this is also a normal phenomenon that quickly passes. If this is not the case, and the feeling of palpitations occurs frequently, intensifying with physical or emotional stress, the baby should be taken to a pediatrician.

Possible additional symptoms

You should pay attention to a number of additional symptoms that occur in the patient along with the feeling of palpitations. This could be fatigue, shortness of breath, headache, darkening of the eyes, etc. These symptoms may indicate the cause of the pathology.

The most common combination is heartbeat and. The mechanism of their occurrence is quite simple - the patient experiences hypoxia, which forces the heart and lungs to work harder. This combination normally occurs after physical activity or emotional experiences– at this time, the tissue’s need for oxygen increases. This combination is also characteristic of heart defects, dystrophy and inflammatory changes in the myocardium and arterial hypertension.

The combination of palpitations with dizziness indicates oxygen starvation of the brain.

The appearance of this symptom means that the heart and lungs are unable to cope with their functions of providing the body with oxygen. This feeling can occur after very strong physical exertion, with heart disease, arrhythmias. The appearance of dizziness indicates a severe course of the disease.

Heart pain can occur with any disease circulatory system. Normally not typical. Their appearance is a sign that the heart cannot cope with the load, is experiencing hypoxia and deficiency nutrients. If you have a combination of heavy heartbeat and heart pain, you should make an appointment with a doctor as soon as possible, if the patient has not done so earlier.

Danger signs that require a doctor

A constant feeling of palpitations not associated with physical activity (or associated with its low intensity) should be a reason to consult a doctor. If there are additional symptoms - shortness of breath, dizziness, heart pain, you cannot put off going to the cardiologist.

But in some cases, urgent help is needed:

The patient experiences orthostatic reactions (when taking a vertical position, the eyes become dark).
The heartbeat does not stop at rest for more than half an hour.
Arose suddenly, accompanied sharp deterioration well-being.
The patient's consciousness is impaired.
Heartbeat accompanied severe pain in heart.

In these cases, you need to call an ambulance. The patient should not move - he should sit or lie down; all obstructive clothing (collar, tie, belt) should be unbuttoned. If it is possible to provide an influx of fresh air, you need to do this. The patient should not eat food, but can drink water. You should not take any medications (except nitroglycerin) until your doctor prescribes them.

What to do, what examinations need to be done?

The doctor begins examining the patient with an examination - some heart diseases give a very characteristic external picture. Then the doctor requires auscultation (listening) of the heart - characteristic noises allow an experienced specialist to make a preliminary diagnosis before receiving test results.

Laboratory data does not always reflect the characteristics of the processes occurring in the heart, but sometimes they can show what caused such a condition. The main examination methods in this case are instrumental. The simplest instrumental method is tonometry (pressure measurement). But during inflammatory and dystrophic processes it can be normal or even reduced.

One of the very first surveys -. A cardiogram allows you to accurately determine changes in the electrical activity of the heart. In controversial cases, daily monitoring of electrical impulses is prescribed. It allows you to identify those pathologies that may not be noticeable with a conventional ECG. Most effective for diagnosing arrhythmias.

Echo-CG is necessary to see changes in the structure of the heart.

This study is most informative in the diagnosis of heart defects, blood flow disorders inside the cavities of the heart and large vessels. It also allows you to visualize changes in heart tissue during dystrophic or inflammatory processes, but in the early stages it may not show anything. In controversial cases, CT or CT is prescribed.

More information about rapid heartbeat can be found in the video:

Bacteriological blood culture allows diagnosis infectious processes in heart. If they are present, the infection in the blood will be mandatory, and the analysis will identify the pathogen and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics.

Heart biopsy is a complex and dangerous method for the patient. It requires a sample of heart tissue, and based on the results of its examination under a microscope, a diagnosis can be made. dystrophic changes, cardiosclerosis, heart tumors. The method is associated with great risk for the patient, therefore it is prescribed only in cases where less dangerous methods do not produce results.

Features of treatment and prognosis

Treatment depends entirely on the causes of the disease. However, several general recommendations can be identified that will help keep the heart healthy. healthy condition:

First of all, they relate to diet - the patient needs to reduce the amount of salt and liquid consumed in order to reduce the load on the heart. It is also recommended to exclude fatty foods.
The second important recommendation is strict dosing of physical activity. They should not be too intense so as not to create excessive stress on the heart, but they should not be completely eliminated. Hiking, race walking, cycling, and light jogging will be useful. The level of permissible physical activity should be determined by a doctor.

Medicines prescribed by a doctor must be taken strictly at the same time. Especially it concerns antiarrhythmic drugs. In this case, the prognosis is relatively favorable - a complete cure is usually impossible, but the patient’s quality of life can be improved.

The heart is beating fast.

The heart is a motor that ensures the functioning of all the most important human organs. This is the only organ that “does not rest” and takes care of us around the clock.

It often happens that his work also fails. Such situations require constant monitoring and immediate action if necessary.

Sometimes disruptions in the functioning of our heart occur due to fatigue in the body, but sometimes this can indicate more serious problems.

So, today we will talk about rapid heartbeat, the causes of this problem and consider methods of combating the disease.

How many beats per minute should a healthy person's heart beat?

A certain number of heart beats per minute is called the pulse. So, at rest, in a healthy person, the pulse is approximately 60-80 beats per minute.

It is very important to know that the pulse is measured only in a calm environment. This refers to the case when you want to find out how many beats per minute your heart produces when you are feeling well.
The pulse, by the way, cannot be the same all the time. It is always different and depends on many factors. Temperature and air humidity, pressure, and a number of other factors play a role here. internal factors: experiences, abrupt change mood.
If we talk about babies, their heart rate is significantly different. In newborn babies, the pulse reaches 130-140 beats per minute and this phenomenon is absolutely normal. In children aged 6-7 years, the heart rate decreases to approximately 100 beats per minute. A heart rate similar to that of an adult appears at the age of 15-18 years.

Problems in the operation of our “motor” can be expressed in the form of arrhythmia, tachycardia and bradycardia.
Arrhythmia is a disease in which the heart rhythm is unstable, that is, the heart beats, sometimes less often, sometimes more often. Tachycardia is characterized by an increased heart rate, but bradycardia is, on the contrary, decreased.
For any deviation, a visit to the doctor is mandatory.

What is the name of the disease when the heart beats quickly? Why the heart beats quickly and strongly at rest: reasons

Rapid heartbeat is a problem for many people. Most often, the heart beats quickly with tachycardia.

Tachycardia is one of the types of cardiac arrhythmia, during which the heartbeat increases to 90 or more beats per second.
It is worth saying that sometimes tachycardia is normal. Athletes, people who simply engage in strenuous physical activity, and those who are subject to emotional stress may experience heart palpitations. But if we are talking about tachycardia as a disease, then this is clearly related to diseases of cardio-vascular system.
It is also useful to know that tachycardia is often observed at high temperatures, after drinking alcohol, and in stressful situations. Children under 7 years old also very often suffer from rapid heartbeat, but this is considered to be the norm. If a child of this age has tachycardia, there is no need to panic, but “keeping your finger on the pulse” still won’t hurt.
With pathological tachycardia, that is, tachycardia that appears due to any pathologies of the heart, the volume of ejected blood decreases significantly, the pressure decreases and blood circulation in the body is disrupted. Due to poor blood circulation, organs receive insufficient amounts of blood and, accordingly, oxygen. Long-term problems of this nature can cause complications in the form of other serious illnesses.
There are also sinus and ectopic tachycardias. Both the first and second are not normal for the functioning of the human heart and require constant monitoring and treatment.
Now let's talk in more detail about sinus tachycardia. With this disease, the heart rate can increase to 130-220 beats per minute, which, of course, is not the norm.

There are many reasons why the heart can behave unstable and incorrectly. One has only to say that if the work of the heart changes at rest, then most likely you are dealing with tachycardia and in this case there is no need to postpone a visit to a cardiologist. So, the causes of tachycardia:

Effect on the body harmful substances. This refers to excessive alcohol consumption and, of course, smoking. From childhood we are told that bad habits have a detrimental effect on our health and the body as a whole, however, people pay attention to their health even when there is a problem and it needs to be solved
Increased amount of thyroid hormones. Excess hormones thyroid gland may lead to tachycardia
Effect of medications. It has long been proven that medications can affect the functioning of our organs. So, taking medications such as antidepressants, hormones, diuretics and many others can easily disrupt the heart rhythm
Diseases of the respiratory system. When the body does not receive enough oxygen, the blood is not sufficiently enriched with it. In this case, the organs do not receive proper nutrition and “oxygen starvation” begins. The heart tries to solve this problem and for this purpose increases the heart rate, hence we get tachycardia
And, of course, heart disease. This may be inflammation of the heart muscle, various heart defects, ischemic disease, as well as heart diseases, in which structural and functional changes in the heart muscle occur
Constant stress, tension, emotional instability, depression. All this clearly has a negative impact on our health. That is why we are taught from childhood to take care of our nerves, because they cause all diseases

In order to understand why your heart is not working properly, you definitely need to see a specialist, because the heart is the most important organ that ensures the functioning of the entire body.

I hear my heart beating loudly, quickly, strongly and often, it hurts, it’s hard to breathe - symptoms of what disease?

Of course, all of the above symptoms may indicate the disease we have previously described - tachycardia. You already know why this disease appears, how it manifests itself and what to do about it. However, it is worth saying that in the presence of respiratory dysfunction, we can talk about other diseases.

Very often, signs such as pain in the heart, rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing may indicate heart failure.
In case of heart failure, the heart cannot provide the body with the necessary amount of oxygen and, as is known, “oxygen starvation” begins.
IN calm state a person may feel absolutely normal and satisfactory, but in stressful situation or during emotional and physical stress, the heartbeat quickens, shortness of breath and pain in the heart appear.

In such a situation, a person needs to be provided with peace and fresh air. The patient should relax and try to calm down. Breathing should be very deep and smooth when inhaling, and on the contrary, sharp when exhaling.
You can take Valocordin or Corvalol.
Also, tachycardia and difficulty breathing can indicate a stroke and heart attack. At the same time, pain in the heart, chest, and dizziness may also appear. In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor.

What causes the feeling that your heart is beating in your throat?

At normal operation we hardly feel it, or at least we simply don’t pay any attention to its beats. However, there are times when it is simply impossible not to feel the work of our “engine”. This happens when the heart begins to beat in the throat. Indeed, sometimes a person can very clearly feel the heartbeat in this place, let's figure out why and when this happens.

The most harmless reason for this phenomenon is increased physical stress on the body. Very often we feel a pulse in the throat after running, squats and push-ups, that is, when the body is under intense stress. This can also increase blood pressure, which leads to ringing, tinnitus, and dizziness.
Palpitations in the throat can also be felt after drinking coffee, alcohol or cigarettes. Coffee, cigarettes, and alcohol are generally considered irritants. The substances contained in their composition negatively affect the functioning of the heart muscle, causing it to contract even faster.
Stress and panic attacks make the heart beat much faster than normal. The state of a panic attack can be accompanied by suffocation, dizziness, nausea and even vomiting, a feeling of heaviness in the throat and chest.
A heart that goes into the throat can be a symptom of a serious illness - anemia. With anemia, as this disease is also called, the body, its cells and tissues do not receive required amount oxygen, which leads to “oxygen starvation.”

Inflammation of the heart muscle is another cause of “heart in the throat.” This disease manifests itself as shortness of breath, tachycardia, and even enlargement of the liver and heart.
The heart may also beat in the throat due to heart defects. Defects can be either congenital or acquired. Signs of heart defects include weakness, shortness of breath, enlargement of the heart and its parts, and painful sensations in the heart.
The heart can also be felt in the throat in moments of strong excitement, sudden stress and a number of neurological problems. And such palpitations are manifested not only by the fact that it radiates into the throat, but also by dizziness, the inability to swallow saliva, as if “there is a lump in the throat,” numbness of the limbs, impaired respiratory function, and heaviness in the chest when inhaling.
If you feel that your heart is beating in your throat, but at the same time you exclude the possibility of overwork, you did not exercise the day before and are not under stress, then you need to consult a doctor. After a complete examination, the specialist will determine the cause of this phenomenon and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Why does the heart beat strongly when excited, from alcohol, or with a hangover?

Most people experience that when they are nervous, their heart literally “jumps out” of their chest. It is also not uncommon for cases when the heart reacts very violently to alcohol and makes itself felt not only while drinking alcohol, but also after, during the so-called hangover. Why is this happening?

Anxiety, as a rule, is always accompanied by a change in the state of the body. Some people are less susceptible to anxiety and worry, others more, and everyone’s anxiety manifests itself differently. Some people's hands are shaking and their palms are sweating, some people suffer from “constriction” of the throat, which makes it difficult to speak, and some people’s heart begins to beat very quickly.
Sometimes this is an absolutely normal reaction of the body to a stressful situation, but sometimes a rapid heartbeat in situations atypical for a person may indicate the presence of various diseases. It may also be vegetative-vascular dystonia, which is characterized by rapid heartbeat, excessive sweating, anxiety, fatigue, instability blood pressure, and other diseases of both the cardiovascular system and the endocrine and nervous systems.
It is very important to pay attention to the nature of the heartbeat, and, in fact, the frequency. If, after the source of excitement disappears, the heart quickly recovers, if the pulse does not increase very much, then this is a completely normal reaction of the body.

Now let's move on to alcohol. The condition of a person who is in drunkenness, changes significantly. The work of the heart does not stand aside either. Alcohol, acting on heart tissue, changes the functioning of our “engine”. Blood pressure at these moments, as a rule, rises, and quite sharply, the pulse quickens, and this in turn leads to impaired circulation.
Small vessels sometimes even burst, and the heart, of course, experiences “oxygen starvation.” Systematic intake of alcohol clearly has a negative effect on the heart muscle, it becomes flabby and inelastic. Alcoholic tachycardia greatly wears out the heart and uses up its resources completely for other purposes.
If we are talking about in rare cases drinking alcohol and if your pulse does not exceed 90 beats per minute, and your condition is generally satisfactory, then there is no need to worry. If these symptoms are accompanied by others - dizziness, loss of consciousness, vomiting, nausea, then you definitely cannot do without an ambulance.
With a hangover, the heart may beat faster in cases where there are any diseases. Because in an absolutely healthy person, even with a severe hangover, the heart does not jump out.

Heart beats when excited

Here are a few reasons why your heart rate increases after consumption:

Intoxication, that is, alcohol poisoning. Alcohol is considered a strong toxin that can impair the functioning of the heart.
Because of malfunction vessels. After drinking alcohol, the blood vessels absorb it and it is for this reason that they cannot always deliver blood to where it is needed. The heart is looking for a way out of the current situation and begins to work in accelerated mode.
Deficiency of vitamins and nutrients.
If you are a “non-drunken” person, but even after drinking a small amount of alcohol your heart works differently, you need to urgently consult a doctor, because this condition is normal.

When I go to bed my heart beats strongly - I can’t sleep: causes, symptoms of what disease?

When a person is getting ready for bed or has already gone to bed, then, in principle, there is no reason for a rapid heartbeat. This means that the person is not anxious, is not worried about anything, and is not in a stressful situation. Normally, a person's heart rate during sleep should be approximately 60-80 beats per minute.

So, the reasons for a strong and rapid heartbeat in this case may be:

Fright
Stressful state
Emotions, both good and bad
Previously drunk coffee or energy drinks
Allergic reaction to medications or side effect
Colds that are accompanied by an increase in body temperature
Anemia
Poor indoor air circulation
Heart diseases and endocrine system

Your heart beats fast when you sleep

As you can see, there are quite a few reasons and most of them are very serious. Such a human condition leads to even greater stress, can cause a number of other equally serious diseases and is expressed in insomnia and anxiety.

In order to begin treating or eliminating this problem, you first need to understand what exactly is causing your heart palpitations.
It is important to be very careful about your health. Try to remember the first time you encountered a similar problem, which was the day before. If this condition has been bothering you for a long time, consult a doctor immediately. After all, this symptom may indicate a serious illness.
If a rapid heartbeat occurs against the background of stress, unpleasant sleep, or a previously experienced emotional outburst, then ordinary sedatives can help. It could be valerian or motherwort. You can also wash your face cold water and ventilate the room. Controlling your breathing also helps a lot: try to inhale deeply and slowly, and then exhale sharply, do this exercise several times.

What to do if your heart beats strongly and frequently - how to calm it down: tips, recommendations

If your heart is beating really fast and strong, then a visit to the doctor is the first thing you should take care of. Anyone, even a completely healthy person, can have problems with their heart function, but constant rapid heartbeat is not the norm.

If your heart rate of 100-150 beats per minute takes you by surprise, you can try the following:

You need to try to calm down, remove your excitement. It is clear that doing this is more difficult than saying that it is necessary, but try to calm your body as much as possible.
Open indoor windows or doors. The main thing is to find a source of fresh air.
Lie down on the bed or sit down. Stop any activity, especially sports.
You can drink validol, corvalol or valerian.
Valerian can be drunk either in drops or made into a decoction. For this you will need 2-3 tbsp. l. valerian and 200-300 g of boiling water. Pour boiling water over the ingredient, let it brew, and then drink 50-70 ml 3 times a day.

A decoction of hawthorn or motherwort will also help calm the heart. Pour boiling water over the necessary ingredients and leave for 2-3 hours, and then drink in small portions 2-3 times a day. For a decoction of 300 ml of water you will need 3-4 tbsp. l. ingredient.
It is also recommended to massage the right carotid artery. However, such a massage needs to be done correctly and in the right place, so it is best to consult a doctor regarding this.
You can also resort to massaging your little fingers. To do this, pay attention to the area of the finger near the nail.
Avoid drinking coffee and energy drinks. This is what may contribute to your experiencing tachycardia.
Remember, the heart reacts very sensitively to all changes in your body, so sometimes a rapid heartbeat is nothing more than a signal from your body that it’s time for you to rest. Therefore, in such a situation, put aside all even the most important things and just spend the day without worries: get some sleep, lie in bed, watch your favorite movies and give your body time to recuperate.

As you can see, a rapid heartbeat can be either a sign of a serious illness or normal reaction the body to stress and emotions. It is very important in such situations to sensibly assess all risks and objectively assess the state of health. If you find it difficult to independently determine the severity of your problem, consult a doctor immediately. It is better that this trip turns out to be preventative than that you waste time and do not start treatment on time. Take care of yourself, your heart and be healthy.

Video: How to calm your heartbeat?

Shortness of breath after intense exercise is understandable: physiology. The organs are “overdoing it” and need extra oxygen. This is the norm. But it’s difficult to explain why it’s hard to breathe “out of the blue” - shortness of breath has no specific location. But even from the outside it is noticeable that the person is suffocating, breathing greedily, noisily and unevenly.

The medical name for this phenomenon is shortness of breath (dyspnea). In short, shortness of breath is when it’s hard to breathe. Lack of air, pressure in the chest and suffocation are explained by subjective feelings. The brain, responding to a lack of oxygen, “pumps up” breathing, and this process is difficult to control by human consciousness.

Important! To know how to treat shortness of breath, it is necessary to find out the cause of the underlying disease.

Types and types of tachycardia

The classification of difficulty breathing is based on two factors.

Respiratory rate

The first classification is based on the frequency of respiratory movements.

If there is an increase in the frequency of respiratory acts, shortness of breath is usually called tachypnea. An increase in the number of respiratory movements over 20 is usually referred to as tachypnea. The nature of the motor reactions of breathing is superficial. A similar symptom accompanies hematological diseases, anemia, and various types of fever.
If the respiratory rate reaches 50-70 times per minute or higher, pronounced tachycapnea is popularly called "Breath of a hunted beast". A similar morphophysiological state is observed in a hysterical state of the body.
A decrease in the number of respiratory acts is called bradycapnea. The state of reduced breathing is a great threat to life, as it is detected during a diabetic coma, severe course diabetes mellitus, inflammation meninges and damage to the neural structure of the brain.

Phases of the respiratory act

When making a diagnosis, it is necessary to find out what kind of tachycardia is observed in the patient, chronic or paroxysmal. In the case of chronic tachycardia, symptoms are present constantly or at approximately equal intervals. Paroxysmal tachycardia can appear one or more times in an unexpected form.

The presence of paroxysmal character indicates arrhythmia, which is also of two types: 1. Sinus arrhythmia/tachycardia (during an attack, a person himself can accurately determine its beginning and end); 2. Paroxysmal tachycardia (this diagnosis is confirmed by electrocardiography during an attack, and based on the results of the examination, an accurate diagnosis is established).

Sinus tachycardia is treated mainly by identifying and removing the causes and influencing factors (stress, smoking, alcohol, etc.).

Causes of palpitations

Among all the conditions that can cause an increased heart rate, physiological ones can be distinguished, that is, they act temporarily with independent recovery normal frequency heart contractions, and pathological, that is, based on various disorders of the heart or other organs.

Physiological reasons

An early symptom of left ventricular dysfunction or heart failure is sinus tachycardia. Causes of intracardiac tachycardia include:

The reasons that cause palpitations and shortness of breath are as follows:

There can be many reasons for a rapid heartbeat. It is important to be able to distinguish pathological tachycardia from the normal physiological reaction of the body to physical activity, as a result of anxiety, fear, anxiety,

stress

Shortness of breath is a sign of lack of oxygen, a signal of hidden health problems. The causes of dyspnea are:

Vegetovascular dystonia or emotional stress. Shortness of breath is the body’s response to the release of adrenaline, including nervous soil;
Anemia. Low level hemoglobin interferes with the normal supply of oxygen to the blood;
Obesity. Breathing is made difficult by fat formed inside the body;
Lung diseases. Difficulty breathing often occurs when phlegm and mucus accumulate in the bronchi;
Cardiac pathologies. Shortness of breath is caused by “failures” in the functioning of the heart.

Important! If shortness of breath, irregular heart rhythm, dizziness, nausea and weakness are observed at the same time, you should undergo an examination. Perhaps these are manifestations of ischemia.

Signs of chronic tachycardia

Dyspnea;
Suffocation;
Low pressure;
Chest pain;
Loss of consciousness;
The appearance of seizures .

In the process of treating a child, the surrounding atmosphere, the absence of stress and irritants, heavy physical activity, and a rational daily routine play a very important role.

When a child has an attack, the most important thing is complete rest, you need to put him to bed and try to provide a pleasant environment.

Symptoms and manifestations of rapid heartbeat

Tachycardia may be a symptom of some life-threatening conditions, for example, if interruptions in the heart and a feeling of strong palpitations are combined with severe pain in the left half of the chest, between the shoulder blades or behind the sternum, and are also accompanied by a sudden sharp deterioration in the condition with cold sweat, shortness of breath, one may suspect patient acute heart attack myocardium.

When a rapid heartbeat is combined with shortness of breath, a feeling of shortness of breath, a suffocating cough with or without pink frothy sputum, you can think about the onset of acute left ventricular heart failure. Such symptoms can manifest themselves especially sharply at night, when venous stagnation of blood in the lungs increases, and cardiac asthma and pulmonary edema can develop.

In case rapid pulse accompanied by a feeling of irregular heartbeat, you can think about dangerous rhythm disturbances, such as atrial fibrillation, frequent extrasystole, Tachy-Brady syndrome with weakness syndrome sinus node which can lead to loss of consciousness and even cardiac arrest.

Considered especially dangerous ventricular tachycardia and frequent ventricular extrasystole, which are manifested by a very rapid heart rate and are accompanied by sweating, darkening of the eyes, severe shortness of breath and a feeling of lack of air. The danger of such conditions is that they can lead to ventricular fibrillation and to cardiac arrest (asystole).

Diagnosis of cardiac dyspnea

As can be seen from the part of the article that describes the causes of rapid heartbeat, there are quite a lot of triggers and causative diseases. Therefore, if the patient cannot independently determine the condition as a result of which the heart rate increases, and, moreover, if such symptoms are difficult for the patient to tolerate, he should consult a doctor in a timely manner in order to draw up a plan for examination and treatment if necessary.

Consultations with specialists, in addition to a therapist, may require examinations by an endocrinologist, gynecologist, infectious disease specialist, gastroenterologist and other doctors.

Of the most informative research the following may be shown:

A local therapist will help you find out the reason for your high heart rate and why it’s difficult to breathe. Consultations with narrow specialists and the following types of studies may be prescribed:

blood and urine tests;
hormonal tests;
blood biochemistry;
immunological indicators;
radiography;
Ultrasound diagnostics;
ECHO monitoring;
electrophysiological examinations.

Shortness of breath as a symptom accompanying diseases different organs, needs a special approach. The fight against dyspnea involves the preliminary use of various research methods, including instrumental ones. Before treating shortness of breath, you should take some measures:

Physical examination (historical examination);
Blood and urine tests (assessing blood composition, identifying the presence of inflammation in the body);
Ultrasound (use to study ultrasonic waves);
X-ray examination(assessment of the size, shape of the heart and lungs, the presence of fluid in the pericardial sac);
ECG, sometimes with monitoring (graphic recording of the electrical activity of the heart muscle).

For a more detailed examination of the causes of shortness of breath, tomography (computer and magnetic resonance imaging), cardiac catheterization, coronography, and bicycle ergometry are performed.

Important! For shortness of breath, it is useful to use tinctures made from lily of the valley. They will improve blood circulation throughout the body. In addition, the May lily of the valley - medicinal plant, containing useful components in all " components": in flowers, leaves and root system.

How to treat?

The answer to the question of how and for how long to treat attacks of rapid heartbeat can only be answered by a specialist in a face-to-face consultation. In some cases, only rest is indicated, good sleep and proper nutrition, and in some cases you can’t do without an ambulance medical care with further observation in a hospital setting.

First aid for an attack of rapid heartbeat

At the stage first aid A patient with an attack can be helped by:

The above diseases, which do not exist without manifested shortness of breath, are difficult to differentiate based on only one sign. Therefore, it is impossible to cope with shortness of breath without the participation of a doctor. A cardiologist or therapist, infectious disease specialist or endocrinologist will help to correctly recognize the accompanying pathology of dyspnea and, only after a detailed examination, formulate the right technique treatment.

It is not recommended to independently attempt to treat shortness of breath with folk remedies or medications for heart failure and other ailments until a diagnostic examination results in a diagnosis.

To treat shortness of breath, your doctor will select the necessary medications for you. Self-medication can lead to undesirable consequences!

This video will tell you more about the treatment of shortness of breath:

A cool compress will help relieve tension when pain.

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to determine the cause of the appearance, causing discomfort symptoms. At home, you can use the following methods to reduce your heart rate:

physical activities stop;
ensure a flow of fresh air into the room;
apply to forehead cool compress;
calm the patient and give him the opportunity to relax;
breathe deeply, inhaling quickly and exhaling slowly;
hold your breath and tense your abdominal muscles;
take soothing drops (Corvalol containing valerian);
if the above methods do not lead to improvement, call an ambulance.

First, you should try to help your body get rid of the disease:

Quit smoking;
Drink less alcohol and drinks containing caffeine;
Start exercising moderately;
Try sessions deep breathing, yoga classes ;
Monitor blood pressure levels, cholesterol in the blood.

In any case, you need to know what to do if an attack of rapid heartbeat occurs. First, you need to try to calm down as much as possible, free yourself from tight clothes, and unfasten. Drink something calming (

In the fight against the symptoms of tachycardia along with drug treatment Additional methods are used:

Chinese medicine

acupuncture , acupressure

Yoga classes;

Relaxing breathing;

Treatment with bee honey and

bites

Clay and copper compresses;

Introduction to the diet of a sick raw bovine heart.

Separately, the use of various plants should be highlighted. Herbs such as:

A variety of decoctions, tinctures, and juices are prepared from these herbs. Below are some recipes:

For shortness of breath, you can use remedies traditional medicine. But you must be extremely careful. After all, shortness of breath is often a manifestation of serious diseases that can become a threat to human life. Traditional medicine can be used if shortness of breath occurs occasionally and after heavy physical activity or excitement. If shortness of breath appears when walking or even at rest, you need to sound the alarm. This condition requires immediate consultation with a doctor in order to assess the condition of the body, find the cause of shortness of breath and prescribe appropriate treatment. Anyway, folk remedies can be used as a separate treatment method ( if shortness of breath is not a manifestation of a serious illness

) and as an addition to the main drug course of treatment.

Traditional medicine has many means and methods for treating shortness of breath, which have various mechanisms actions. Such remedies can be taken in the form of solutions, tinctures, and teas.

The following traditional medicine methods can be used to treat shortness of breath:

Prevention of cardiac dyspnea

The most the best way The fight against a disease is its prevention - prevention.

Primary activities are aimed at eliminating factors that can negatively affect the respiratory system. Risks of dyspnea include:

Obesity;
Sedentary image life;
Tobacco smoking;
Harmful working conditions;
Poor nutrition;
Alcohol abuse.

Rapid heartbeat and various interruptions in the functioning of the heart, as well as feelings of lack of air can disturb seemingly healthy people. But at the same time, these symptoms may indicate quite serious illnesses. Let's try to consider several options for conditions that can cause such symptoms.

Absolutely healthy people periodic heart rhythm disturbances in combination with breathing disorders can occur under severe emotional stress, stressful conditions, as a result of abuse of caffeine-containing drinks or nicotine, as well as after significant physical exertion. At the same time, monitoring of cardiac activity proves the complete absence of disturbances at this time.

Causes

One of the causes of such symptoms may be so-called heart failure. With it, the heart is unable to provide sufficient oxygen to the internal organs and fabrics. The body's needs are not met. In a calm state, the patient feels great, but any exertion leads to rapid heartbeat and lack of air - shortness of breath.

How is deficiency diagnosed?

Previously, the diagnosis of “heart failure” was already made in advanced cases– with the appearance of edema and an enlarged liver. Nowadays, the more common point of view is that it is best to start treatment on the very early stage diseases.

Modern medicine is an order of magnitude different from the traditional views of cardiologists of the last century. Previously, it was believed that in case of heart failure it is necessary to limit physical activity and any activity to the maximum so that the organs require less oxygen and the heart, accordingly, does not strain. For additional heart contractions, medications were even prescribed to artificially stimulate its activity.

But through some research it has been proven that regular physical activity affects the functionality of the heart only in a positive way. Gradually increasing the load trains the heart muscle, making it more resilient and able to pump large quantity blood.

The feeling of lack of air can also cause a so-called cardiac cough. It occurs due to heart failure and goes away after its therapy. The symptoms of this cough are similar to bronchitis, but without sputum production. In particular severe cases It may cause bloody discharge.

The cause of its appearance is considered to be left ventricular failure, which leads to stagnation of blood in the lungs. Since the right ventricle of the heart works normally, the lungs are filled with blood, which leads to swelling of the mucous membrane of the bronchi and, accordingly, to irritation of the cough center.

One of the very common causes of palpitations, chest pressure and acute lack of air may be anxiety states, or panic attacks.

They manifest themselves as a sharp and inexplicable attack of enormous anxiety and fear, turning into real panic. The psychological component includes inexplicable fear, aggression, irritability or resentment.

In this state, a person can call for help, rush about and scream, moan and run out into the fresh air. Sometimes the opposite state of apathy and fear of making unnecessary movements is observed.

Physical state comes down to painful sensations in the chest and abdomen, as well as frequent heartbeat, lack of air, tingling and numbness in the limbs, nausea.

It is believed that the condition panic attacks may occur in a certain category of people - an anxious and suspicious personality type. There is an increase in dopamine and catecholamines in their blood.

At the first manifestation of such symptoms, you should contact a specialized medical facility. The diagnosis and treatment of this type of disorder should be carried out by a psychiatrist.

Abnormalities in the heartbeat may be a sign various conditions heart rhythm - tachyarrhythmia, blockade, extrasystoles, but cardiologists note that they most often do not cause subjective sensations.

It is considered one of the subtypes of tachyarrhythmia. It is characterized by an increase in heart rate to 100 or more per minute with normal sinus rhythm. Its causes can be both physiological and pathological. The first ones mean severe stress or physical activity, and the latter have a wider range.

These include hypoxia, hypotension, hypovolemia, infections and inflammatory processes, taking certain drugs, thyrotoxicosis, dysfunction in the left ventricle.

Treatment of sinus tachycardia consists mainly of diagnosing and treating the disease that caused it. Sometimes the heart rate is artificially slowed down with the help of medications.

If any symptoms associated with palpitations and shortness of breath appear, it is best to consult a doctor. First of all, you need to consult a therapist who will help you understand the symptoms and refer you to a more specialized specialist for detailed diagnosis and consultation.