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Basic knowledge of newborn care

What remains in the umbilical cord dries soon after birth, turns tan and falls off after 5-8 days. An umbilical bandage is performed using a sterile compress that is placed around the umbilical cord. If it sucks, clean it with a compress soaked saline solution, then swab with 1-2 dry compresses and cover with sterile compresses. A child's skin is thin, sensitive, and prone to irritation and infection. If it does not change when needed and remains in wet or dirty diapers, the baby becomes agitated and cannot rest.

Dirty diapers, urine, feces and even sweat salts favor erythema fistara, vesicles or pustules. Ointments and powders used in newborns along with skin secretions are determined, especially in folds, irritations, and then local infections if they are not removed daily by washing.

A general bath is carried out as soon as the scale board has been scratched. Apart from maintaining hygiene, bathing is very important as it stimulates skin and circulation functions, helping to moderate the baby. It is recommended that daily bath was made at the same time; some mothers choose the time before the second suckling, which is 9 am. However, the most appropriate time of the day will be in the evening, before the penultimate meal. It is not recommended for another hour because the slightly addictive effect of the bath may delay the baby's sleep.

Most, however, fall asleep immediately after swimming. Setting the bath time will be done by the mother, taking into account:. - the baby should not go hungry because he may become irritated during bathing maneuvers; - Do not take the baby immediately after eating so that the baby may spill; The mother must be very skillful, skilled, with gentle and safe movements, so the bathroom is good for the baby.

Doors and windows should be closed and the cadet remains in a stable and comfortable position for the mother. Temperature is measured with a bath thermometer, an estimate made by dipping your elbow in water can be misleading. The amount of water required for the bath is adjusted according to the size of the bottle, so that when the child is in a semi-naked position, the water should cover his shoulders.

Children's bath. If baby is contaminated with feces, clean the area first damp towel, which is no longer used on the rest of the bath. The child is placed in the caddy with the left axon, his head and head resting on the forearm and the right hand holding the buttock area. During the boil, it will be ensured that the shoulders are always covered with water so that the baby is not cold. With subtle circular movements, the baby's skin is easily massaged special soap in the following order: head, neck, axles, arms, chest, belly and legs.

The child is then turned face down right hand, which includes the child's right shoulder, and the neck and chin rest on the left forearm. The backs, genitals and anal area are well selected and then washed. Regardless of the infant's age, the genital area and the denser area were washed away. For girls, washing and drying will always be back and forth!

Some mothers convert Special attention on the child's fountains during the bath, and others do not wash him so that they do not “offend” him. The baby's brain is well protected by the thick and resistant foil, so it cannot be damaged during the bath. It is very important to keep your scalp well cleaned to avoid crusting.

The duration of the bath should be as short as possible, especially in young infants, which should not exceed 5-7 minutes. Some children cry in the bathroom, especially at the beginning; At this time, the length of the bath can be shortened as much as possible. Even if they scream, the baby still needs to drink daily.

Never leave your baby in the cadets or on a table where he or she will be wrapped. Deleted. The baby from the bathroom is wrapped in a towel, which should be soft and pre-heated so as not to irritate the skin in any way. It should not be washed because it will damage the skin and cause discomfort, which can lead to a fear of any bathroom or simply drying off. It is advisable to gently pass the towel over the skin as a buffer; All folds of skin are loosened and swabbed thoroughly.

The powder aims to hold dry skin and reduce friction within the folds formed by the skin. It is good to melt all areas in which there are two areas of skin: after the ears, neck, axes, elbows and knees. Powder sprays in thin layer, because the small collans that may form may irritate the baby's skin and all traces of the powder will be removed from the next bath. The vulva area will not get wet!

Girls' toilet. The person will use warm water, a specially prepared plate and a piece of soft canvas, preferably sterile gauze or cotton wool. Do not use soap or sponge. To wash your eyes, use a cotton swab or sterile compress soaked in warm water. The eyes are wiped from the outer corner to the inner corner. Separate swabs are used for each eye to avoid possible infection from one eye to another. If there is purulent eye discharge, vaginal chamomile is given before a shared bath to avoid contamination of the surrounding skin.

To clean the nose, it is recommended that after drops of physiological saline solution It is advisable to aim for discharge with a small amount of rubber. Buffers soaked in saline can also be used; after soaking and removing crusts, the mucous membrane of the nostrils should be well cleaned with 2-3 cotton wool soaked in chamomile infusion.

Ear cleaning is done every few days in newborns and daily in larger children. With well-twisted, thin, long strokes, it penetrates through subtle rotations in the ear canal, while the other hand gently pulls the ear pavilion up and back.

Nail Care If your nails are too large, your child may scratch, especially on the face. From the first days after birth, the mother ensures that her nails never reach her toes and toes. They will not cut too short to avoid the nails forming "flat" or "pinch" the skin. The nails of the hands are slightly rounded and the feet are cut straight. The child's head turns to the opposite side of the hand where the nails are cut because small nail fragments do not jump into the child's mouth, eye or nose.

Cutting your nails is best done after swimming. Scalp. As small and sparse as a baby's hair, he brushes it daily, preferably with a brush with a fine and soft brush, which can be easily washed. The combination is done with gentle movements in the direction of the hair's orientation until it becomes smooth and glossy. If the scalp is too rough, you can use a few drops of boiled oil with which it will be lightly dipped before calculating.

This is safer for her and her unborn child. However, people are working here to keep newborns and happy newborns as quickly as possible. How to care for a child in the department intensive care. The incubator is a special bed with plastic walls that maintains the required temperature and humidity inside, because premature newborns have low adipose tissue and they cannot regulate their body temperature. However, if the newborn is extremely small, this may not be enough, then an additional incandescent light is turned on above the incubator.

Incubator for newborn diapers lie only to keep control of their behavior, breathing, skin color and others important features condition. In modern incubators, the temperature is usually adjusted depending on the body temperature of the newborn: if the newborn is cool, the incubator is warmed up, if it is too warm if it is cold.

Older infants are placed on top of heated beds or on a heated mattress. A monitor is a device that constantly observes and records vital important functions newborn: heart function, breathing, arterial pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation. All neonatal intensive care patients are equipped with monitors. The device is a thin conductor connected to sensors that will be attached to the baby's chest, limb or compartment. The cable into the monitor and the monitor signal sends an audible alarm to alert personnel who need access to the child and to check that everything is okay.

Oxygen and artificial breathing apparatus. They have difficulty breathing due to insufficiently mature or inflamed lungs. Their breathing facilitates a number of actions. Oxygen mask - a plastic mask through which oxygen is continuously supplied, adds to the nose and burns. The cannula helps get oxygen directly into the nostrils to form positive pressure in the respiratory tract, which makes breathing easier. Once the newborn begins to heal, he can breathe normally and disconnect from the machine.

• Mechanical ventilation device.
• The device breathes for the child.

So they try to create an environment that has as little physical stimulation as possible. The incubator is wrapped so that newborns do not feel changes in lighting, and the wards try to be silent. Attempts are made to touch the newborn as much as possible or to treat him with unpleasant procedures, such as examining or breathing mucus from the respiratory tract. Baby nest to warm up and feel safer for your newborn.

Since newborns do not feed milk or are not fed enough in the first days, they must receive additional fluids and nutrients into a vein. A thin catheter is inserted into a vein and remains in place for several days or even weeks associated with the drip system. The drugs are also applied to the same catheter. Rare drugs are given to newborns in the muscles. When the newborn no longer needs medication and is feeding on milk, the catheter is removed from the vein.