Calciferol instructions for use. Vitamin D3

Research shows that 20 percent of children and adults under the age of fifty, and 95 percent of adults over the age of fifty, do not get adequate amounts of calciferol, which your body needs to absorb calcium and phosphorus.

Composition and release form

Release form: glass ampoule, volume 1 ml

Composition of the drug

Instructions for use note that 1 ampoule contains active substance:

• calcium carbonate 1667 mg (equivalent to calcium 600 mg), cholecalciferol 1.5 mg (equivalent to 125 IU);
• Excipients: microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose, magnesium stearate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

Indications for use of vitamin D

Calciferol is essential for growth and normal development bones and teeth. It may protect you from cancer prostate gland or breast and helps prevent the development autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. The higher the level of the substance in the blood, the lower the risk of developing colon and rectal cancer.

Which of these diseases are caused by the absence of this substance in the body?

• Rickets,
• Avitaminosis,
• Scurvy.

Side effects

Excessive amounts of the substance in the body can cause:

• Nausea,
• Constipation,
• Weight loss
• Absent-mindedness,
• A little quiz.

Instructions for use

Method and dosage

Calciferol is the active form, due to which it accelerates the body's absorption of calcium from the intestines. Although the recommended dose of vitamin D for adults over fifty years of age is 400-600 IU per day. The National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends that people at risk for calciferol deficiency take 800 IU per day.

Medicinal effects of the drug

Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency

Calciferol deficiency is common among young women (only 20-40 percent of them get enough) and among people over fifty, especially women, for whom calciferol deficiency is fatal. Deficiency is associated with the development of osteoporosis and hip fractures. When examining women with osteoporosis or hospitalized with a hip fracture, it was found that 50 percent of them had signs of vitamin deficiency.

There are several good food sources facilities. Fish oil contains a colossal dose of it - 1360 international units (IU) per 1 tablespoon. It is usually not recommended to use fish fat, derived from cod liver, as it tends to be high in toxins. It is also over-processed, making it unstable, and contains high percent oxidized fat. In 100 grams of cooked salmon, vitamin D is 360 IU. And in a glass of milk enriched with vitamin, there are about 100.

The sun gives vitamin D

Staying in direct sunlight produces Calciferol, since the skin itself synthesizes it in response to UV rays. Most people only need 10 to 15 minutes of direct sun exposure twice a week without sunscreen to get enough exposure for their body. However, few doctors recommend doing this because it may increase the risk of skin cancer in some people.

If you don't have a family history of skin cancer, try spending fifty minutes a day in the sun without wearing sunscreen. This will help your body receive adequate amounts of the substance. Don't forget to wear sunglasses!

Domestic and foreign analogues

There are many medications aimed at replenishing vitamin deficiency in the body. The main analogues of Calciferol can be named:

• Vitaftor;
• Vitiron;
• Calcium D3 citrate;
• Calcitab;
• Calcium;
• Osteocea;
• Tri-vi;
• Revital Calcium d3;

Price in pharmacies

The price of Vitamin D in different pharmacies can vary significantly. This is due to the use of cheaper components and the pricing policy of the pharmacy chain.

Check out official information about the drug Vitamin D, instructions for use of which include general information and treatment plan. The text is provided for informational purposes only and cannot serve as a substitute for medical advice.

Description of the dosage form of the capsule Cholecalciferol

Pharmacological action of the capsule Cholecalciferol

A remedy that replenishes vitamin D3 deficiency. Participates in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, enhances the absorption of Ca2+ and phosphates in the intestine (by increasing the permeability of cellular and mitochondrial membranes of the intestinal epithelium) and their reabsorption in the renal tubules of the kidneys; promotes bone mineralization, the formation of the bone skeleton and teeth in children, enhances the process of ossification, is necessary for normal functioning parathyroid glands.

Vitamin D3 is formed in the skin under the influence of UV rays from the provitamin 7-dehydrocholesterol. For supporting normal level For vitamin D in the blood serum, it is enough to irradiate only the skin of the child’s face and hands with sunlight for 2 hours a week, and UV irradiation of the mother (1.5 minimum erythemal doses for the whole body for 90 s) increases the content of vitamin D3 in her milk by 10 times .

Pharmacokinetics of Cholecalciferol capsule

Absorption - fast (in the distal small intestine), goes to lymphatic system, enters the liver and the general bloodstream. In the blood it binds to alpha2-globulins and partially to albumins. Accumulates in the liver, bones, skeletal muscles, kidneys, adrenal glands, myocardium, and adipose tissue. TCmax in tissues is 4-5 hours, then the concentration of the drug decreases slightly, remaining long time at a constant level. In the form of polar metabolites, it is localized mainly in the membranes of cells and microsomes, mitochondria and nuclei. Penetrates the placental barrier and is excreted breast milk. Deposited in the liver.

Metabolized in the liver and kidneys: in the liver it is converted into an inactive metabolite calcifediol (25-dihydrocholecalciferol), in the kidneys - from calcifediol it is converted into an active metabolite calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) and an inactive metabolite 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Subject to enterohepatic recirculation.

Vitamin D and its metabolites are excreted in the bile, and a small amount is excreted in the kidneys. Cumulates.

Cholecalciferol capsules with caution

Atherosclerosis, sarcoidosis or other granulomatosis, CHF, history of nephrourolithiasis, hyperphosphatemia, chronic renal failure, pregnancy, lactation, childhood.

Cholecalciferol capsule dosage regimen

Orally or intramuscularly, for the prevention of rickets - at a dose of 200 thousand IU (5 mg) once every 6 months (up to 5 years). If the child is rarely exposed to the sun or his skin is hyperemic, the single dose is increased to 400 thousand IU, and is also administered once every six months (up to 5 years).

Treatment of rickets, spasmophilia and hypocalcemia - 200 thousand IU once a week for 2 weeks (in combination with Ca2+ drugs).

To prevent attacks of tetany - up to 1 million IU/day.

For osteomalacia and osteoporosis - 200 thousand IU every 15 days for 3 months.

Drops for oral administration (1 drop = 500 IU): for the prevention of rickets in children infancy(full-term), starting from 2 weeks of life - daily, 500 IU/day; V special cases(for example, premature babies) - up to 1000 IU/day for stage I prematurity. and 1000-2000 IU/day) for stage II and III prematurity. (excluding summer months); for the treatment of rickets - 2000-5000 IU / day in 2-3 doses for 1-1.5 months, then switch to maintenance therapy - 500 IU / day) for 2 years and in the winter at the 3rd year of life. A dose of 5000 IU is prescribed only for pronounced bone changes. 3 months after the end of the 1st course, children at risk are given a second course of anti-relapse treatment at 2000-5000 IU/day for 3-4 weeks, with the exception of the summer months.

Infants suffering from spasmophilia - 5000 IU 3 times a day.

For adults, for the prevention of osteomalacia - 500-1000 IU 3 times a day, for the treatment of osteomalacia - up to 2500 IU 3 times a day.

For hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism - 7500-15000 IU/day). In this case, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of Ca2+ in the blood every 3-6 months and, if necessary, correct the dosage regimen.

Contraindications for Cholecalciferol capsules

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia, hypervitaminosis D, renal osteodystrophy with hyperphosphatemia.

Indications for use of Cholecalciferol capsule

Hypo- and avitaminosis of vitamin D (prevention and treatment), conditions of increased body need for vitamin D: rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, nephrogenic osteopathy, inferior and balanced diet(including parenteral, vegetarian diet), malabsorption syndrome, insufficient insolation, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia (including familial), alcoholism, liver failure, cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice, gastrointestinal diseases (glutenic enteropathy, persistent diarrhea, tropical sprue, Crohn's disease), rapid weight loss, pregnancy (especially with nicotine and drug addiction, multiple pregnancy), lactation period; newborns who are on breastfeeding, with insufficient insolation; taking barbiturates, cholestyramine, colestipol, mineral oils, anticonvulsants(including phenytoin and primidone).

Hypoparathyroidism: postoperative, idiopathic, tetany (postoperative and idiopathic), pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Side effects of Cholecalciferol capsule

Allergic reactions. Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria; loss of appetite, polyuria, constipation, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, increased blood pressure, arrhythmias, renal dysfunction, exacerbation of the tuberculosis process in the lungs.

Overdose of Cholecalciferol capsules

Symptoms of vitamin D hypervitaminosis: early (due to hypercalcemia) - constipation or diarrhea, dry oral mucosa, headache, thirst, pollakiuria, nocturia, polyuria, anorexia, metallic taste in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, unusual fatigue, general weakness, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria;

Late - bone pain, cloudiness of urine (appearance of hyaline casts in the urine, proteinuria, leukocyturia), increased blood pressure, itchy skin, photosensitivity of the eyes, conjunctival hyperemia, arrhythmia, drowsiness, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, pancreatitis, gastralgia, weight loss, rarely - changes in the psyche (up to the development of psychosis) and mood.

Symptoms chronic intoxication vitamin D (when taken for several weeks or months for adults in doses of 20-60 thousand IU / day, children - 2-4 thousand IU / day): calcification of soft tissues, kidneys, lungs, blood vessels, arterial hypertension, renal and cardiovascular failure up to fatal outcome(these effects most often occur when hyperphosphatemia is combined with hypercalcemia), growth impairment in children ( long-term use at a dose of 1.8 thousand IU/day).

Treatment: drug withdrawal, low Ca2+ diet, consumption large quantities liquids, administration of corticosteroids, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, retinol, thiamine, in severe cases- intravenous administration of large quantities of 0.9% NaCl solution, furosemide, electrolytes, hemodialysis.

Special instructions for Cholecalciferol capsules

The daily requirement for vitamin D3 for adults is 400 IU (10 mcg).

Use carefully medical supervision Ca2+ concentrations in the blood and urine (especially when combined with thiazide diuretics).

When used prophylactically, it is necessary to keep in mind the possibility of overdose, especially in children (do not prescribe more than 10-15 mg per year).

Long-term use in high doses leads to chronic hypervitaminosis D3.

It should be kept in mind that sensitivity to vitamin D in different patients is individual and in some patients the reception even therapeutic doses may cause symptoms of hypervitaminosis.

Newborns' sensitivity to vitamin D varies, and some may be sensitive to even very low doses. In children receiving vitamin D for long period time, the risk of growth retardation increases.

To prevent hypovitaminosis D, a balanced diet is most preferable.

Breastfed newborns, especially those born to mothers with dark skin and/or those who received insufficient insolation have high risk occurrence of vitamin D deficiency.

Animal experiments have shown that calcitriol in doses 4-15 times higher than recommended doses for humans has a teratogenic effect. Maternal hypercalcemia (associated with prolonged overdose of vitamin D during pregnancy) can cause increased sensitivity to vitamin D in the fetus, suppressing the function of parathyroid gland, specific elf-like appearance syndrome, delay mental development, aortic stenosis.

In old age, the need for vitamin D may increase due to a decrease in the absorption of vitamin D, a decrease in the skin's ability to synthesize provitamin D3, a decrease in sun exposure, and an increase in the incidence of renal failure.

Description of the capsule Cholecalciferol

White crystalline powder. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform, vegetable oils. Low resistance to light, easily oxidized.

Interaction of Cholecalciferol capsule

The toxic effect is weakened by vitamin A, tocopherol, ascorbic acid, pantothenic acid, thiamine, riboflavin.

With hypervitaminosis D, it is possible to enhance the effect of cardiac glycosides and increase the risk of arrhythmia due to the development of hypercalcemia (dose adjustment is advisable cardiac glycoside).

Under the influence of barbiturates (including phenobarbital), phenytoin and primidone, the need for colecalciferol can significantly increase (increase the metabolic rate).

Long-term therapy against the background of simultaneous use of Al3+ and Mg2+-containing antacids, it increases their concentration in the blood and the risk of intoxication (especially in the presence of chronic renal failure).

Calcitonin, derivatives of etidronic and pamidronic acids, plicamycin, gallium nitrate and corticosteroids reduce the effect.

Cholestyramine, colestipol and mineral oils reduce absorption in the gastrointestinal tract fat-soluble vitamins and require increasing their dosage.

Increases the absorption of phosphorus-containing drugs and the risk of hyperphosphatemia. When used simultaneously with sodium fluoride, the interval between doses should be at least 2 hours; With oral forms tetracyclines - at least 3 hours.

Concomitant use with other vitamin D analogues increases the risk of developing hypervitaminosis.

(Colecalciferol)

Trade names

Aquadetrim, Vigantol, Videin 3, Vitamin D3, Cholecalciferocaps..

Group affiliation

Vitamin-calcium-phosphorus metabolism regulator

Description active substance(INN)

Colecalciferol
Dosage form

drops for oral administration, capsules, oral solution [oil], tablets
pharmachologic effect

A remedy that replenishes vitamin D3 deficiency. Participates in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, enhances the absorption of Ca2+ and phosphates in the intestine (by increasing the permeability of cellular and mitochondrial membranes of the intestinal epithelium) and their reabsorption in the renal tubules of the kidneys; promotes bone mineralization, the formation of the bone skeleton and teeth in children, enhances the process of ossification, and is necessary for the normal functioning of the parathyroid glands. Vitamin D3 is formed in the skin under the influence of UV rays from the provitamin 7-dehydrocholesterol. To maintain a normal level of vitamin D in the blood serum, it is enough to irradiate only the skin of the child’s face and hands with sunlight for 2 hours a week, and UV irradiation of the mother (1.5 minimum erythemal doses for the whole body for 90 s) increases the content of vitamin D3 in her milk 10 times.
Indications

Hypo- and avitaminosis of vitamin D (prevention and treatment), conditions of increased body need for vitamin D: rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, nephrogenic osteopathy, inadequate and unbalanced nutrition (including parenteral, vegetarian diet), malabsorption syndrome, insufficient insolation , hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia (including familial), alcoholism, liver failure, cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice, gastrointestinal diseases (glutenic enteropathy, persistent diarrhea, tropical sprue, Crohn's disease), rapid weight loss, pregnancy (especially with nicotine and drug addiction , multiple pregnancy), lactation period; breastfed newborns with insufficient insolation; taking barbiturates, cholestyramine, colestipol, mineral oils, anticonvulsants (including phenytoin and primidone). Hypoparathyroidism: postoperative, idiopathic, tetany (postoperative and idiopathic), pseudohypoparathyroidism.
Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia, hypervitaminosis D, renal osteodystrophy with hyperphosphatemia. Caution. Atherosclerosis, sarcoidosis or other granulomatosis, CHF, history of nephrourolithiasis, hyperphosphatemia, chronic renal failure, pregnancy, lactation, childhood.
Side effects

Allergic reactions. Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria; decreased appetite, polyuria, constipation, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, increased blood pressure, arrhythmias, impaired renal function, exacerbation of the tuberculosis process in the lungs. Overdose. Symptoms of vitamin D hypervitaminosis: early (due to hypercalcemia) - constipation or diarrhea, dry oral mucosa, headache, thirst, pollakiuria, nocturia, polyuria, anorexia, metallic taste in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, unusual fatigue, general weakness, hypercalcemia , hypercalciuria; late - bone pain, cloudiness of urine (appearance of hyaline casts in the urine, proteinuria, leukocyturia), increased blood pressure, skin itching, photosensitivity of the eyes, conjunctival hyperemia, arrhythmia, drowsiness, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, pancreatitis, gastralgia, weight loss, rarely - changes in the psyche (up to the development of psychosis) and mood. Symptoms of chronic vitamin D intoxication (when taken for several weeks or months for adults in doses of 20-60 thousand IU / day, children - 2-4 thousand IU / day): calcification of soft tissues, kidneys, lungs, blood vessels, arterial hypertension, renal and cardiovascular failure up to death (these effects most often occur when hyperphosphatemia is added to hypercalcemia), growth impairment in children (long-term use at a dose of 1.8 thousand IU/day). Treatment: drug withdrawal, low Ca2+ diet, consumption of large amounts of fluid, administration of corticosteroids, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, retinol, thiamine, in severe cases - intravenous administration of large quantities of 0.9% NaCl solution, furosemide, electrolytes, hemodialysis.
Directions for use and doses

Orally or intramuscularly, for the prevention of rickets - at a dose of 200 thousand IU (5 mg) once every 6 months (up to 5 years). If the child is rarely exposed to the sun or his skin is hyperemic, the single dose is increased to 400 thousand IU, and is also administered once every six months (up to 5 years). Treatment of rickets, spasmophilia and hypocalcemia - 200 thousand IU once a week for 2 weeks (in combination with Ca2+ drugs). To prevent attacks of tetany - up to 1 million IU/day. For osteomalacia and osteoporosis - 200 thousand IU every 15 days for 3 months. Drops for oral administration (1 drop = 500 IU): for the prevention of rickets in infants (full-term), starting from 2 weeks of life, daily, 500 IU/day; in special cases (for example, premature babies) - up to 1000 IU/day for stage I prematurity. and 1000-2000 IU/day) for stage II and III prematurity. (excluding summer months); for the treatment of rickets - 2000-5000 IU / day in 2-3 doses for 1-1.5 months, then switch to maintenance therapy - 500 IU / day) for 2 years and in the winter at the 3rd year of life. A dose of 5000 IU is prescribed only for pronounced bone changes. 3 months after the end of the 1st course, children at risk are given a second course of anti-relapse treatment at 2000-5000 IU/day for 3-4 weeks, with the exception of the summer months. Infants suffering from spasmophilia - 5000 IU 3 times a day. For adults, for the prevention of osteomalacia - 500-1000 IU 3 times a day, for the treatment of osteomalacia - up to 2500 IU 3 times a day. For hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism - 7500-15000 IU/day). In this case, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of Ca2+ in the blood every 3-6 months and, if necessary, correct the dosage regimen.
special instructions

The daily requirement for vitamin D3 for adults is 400 IU (10 mcg). Use under close medical supervision of Ca2+ concentrations in the blood and urine (especially when combined with thiazide diuretics). When used prophylactically, it is necessary to keep in mind the possibility of overdose, especially in children (do not prescribe more than 10-15 mg per year). Long-term use in high doses leads to chronic hypervitaminosis D3. It should be borne in mind that sensitivity to vitamin D varies from patient to patient, and in some patients taking even therapeutic doses can cause symptoms of hypervitaminosis. Newborns' sensitivity to vitamin D varies, and some may be sensitive to even very low doses. Children who receive vitamin D over a long period of time have an increased risk of stunted growth. To prevent hypovitaminosis D, a balanced diet is most preferable. Breastfed newborns, especially those born to mothers with dark skin and/or insufficient sun exposure, are at high risk of developing vitamin D deficiency. Animal studies have shown that calcitriol, at doses 4 to 15 times higher than recommended human doses, has a teratogenic effect. Maternal hypercalcemia (associated with prolonged overdose of vitamin D during pregnancy) can cause increased sensitivity to vitamin D in the fetus, suppression of parathyroid function, specific elf-like appearance syndrome, mental retardation, and aortic stenosis. In old age, the need for vitamin D may increase due to a decrease in the absorption of vitamin D, a decrease in the skin's ability to synthesize provitamin D3, a decrease in sun exposure, and an increase in the incidence of renal failure.
Interaction

The toxic effect is weakened by vitamin A, tocopherol, ascorbic acid, pantothenic acid, thiamine, riboflavin. With hypervitaminosis D, it is possible to enhance the effect of cardiac glycosides and increase the risk of arrhythmia due to the development of hypercalcemia (adjustment of the dose of cardiac glycoside is advisable). Under the influence of barbiturates (including phenobarbital), phenytoin and primidone, the need for colecalciferol can significantly increase (increase the metabolic rate). Long-term therapy with the simultaneous use of Al3+ and Mg2+-containing antacids increases their concentration in the blood and the risk of intoxication (especially in the presence of chronic renal failure). Calcitonin, derivatives of etidronic and pamidronic acids, plicamycin, gallium nitrate and corticosteroids reduce the effect. Cholestyramine, colestipol and mineral oils reduce the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins in the gastrointestinal tract and require an increase in their dosage. Increases the absorption of phosphorus-containing drugs and the risk of hyperphosphatemia. When used simultaneously with sodium fluoride, the interval between doses should be at least 2 hours; with oral forms of tetracyclines - at least 3 hours. Concomitant use with other vitamin D analogues increases the risk of developing hypervitaminosis.

Pharmacological action: A remedy that replenishes vitamin D3 deficiency. Participates in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, enhances the absorption of phosphates in the intestine (by increasing the permeability of cellular and mitochondrial membranes of the intestinal epithelium) and their reabsorption in the renal tubules; promotes bone mineralization, the formation of the bone skeleton and teeth in children, enhances the process of ossification, and is necessary for the normal functioning of the parathyroid glands.
Effect on receptors: vitamin D receptor
In some countries, staple foods are artificially fortified with vitamin D.

Plant sources of vitamin D3

Animal sources of vitamin D3

Fish liver oils such as cod liver oil. 1 tablespoon (15 ml) contains 1360 IU (90.6 IU/ml) of the substance.
Fatty fish such as:
Catfish (wild), 85 g (3 oz) contains 425 IU (5 IU/g)
Salmon, cooked, 100 g (3.5 oz) contains 360 IU (3.6 IU/g)
Mackerel, cooked, 100 g (3.5 oz) contains 345 IU (3.45 IU/g)
Sardines, canned in oil, dried, 50 g (1.75 oz) contains 250 IU (5 IU/g)
Tuna, canned in oil, 100 g (3.5 oz) contains 235 IU (2.35 IU/g)
Eel, cooked, 100 g (3.5 oz) contains 200 IU (2.00 IU/g)
A whole egg contains 20 IU per 60 g (0.333 IU/g)
Beef liver, cooked, 100 g (3.5 oz), contains 15 IU (0.15 IU/g).

Industrial production of vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially using ultraviolet irradiation 7-dehydrocholesterol, followed by purification. 7-dehydrocholesterol is a naturally occurring substance in the wool fat (lanolin) of sheep or other woolly animals. Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is produced in a similar manner using ergosterol from yeast or fungi as a starting material.

Description of action

Natural form of vitamin D. Substrate that, after hydroxylation at positions 1 and 25, becomes active form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Vitamin D plays an important role in the regulation of calcium-phosphate balance and is necessary for the proper absorption of calcium and phosphates in gastrointestinal tract, and also for proper development and bone mineralization. Facilitates the conversion of organic phosphorus into inorganic form and the formation of calcium and phosphorus compounds necessary for the formation bone tissue. Increases osteoclastic osteolysis in bone tissue. It is hydroxylated in the liver and kidneys into the active form - calcitriol, which binds to a specific carrier protein in the serum and is transported to tissues (intestines, bones, kidneys). t1/2 is approximately 19 days, but can be extended in case of renal failure.

Indications for use

Prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency. Prevention of rickets, osteomalacia and bone diseases on the background metabolic disorders(including hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism) and their treatment. Hypocalcemic tetany. Prevention for malabsorption. Adjuvant therapy for osteoporosis.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug, hypervitaminosis D, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, calcium kidney stones, sarcoidosis, renal failure, lack of cholecalciferol hydroxylase activity in the liver and kidneys. Use caution in immobilized patients.

Interaction with other drugs

Concomitant use of antacids containing magnesium may lead to hypermagnesemia. Concomitant use with digitalis glycosides increases their arrhythmogenic effects. Antiepileptic drugs (eg, phenytoin, barbiturates), as well as rifampicin, cholestyramine and liquid paraffin, reduce the absorption of vitamin D3. Concomitant use of thiazides increases the risk of hypercalcemia. Glucocorticoids may reduce the effect of vitamin D3.

Side effects

In case of overdose (hypervitaminosis), the following side reactions occur: weakness, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, restlessness, thirst, polyuria, diarrhea, abdominal cramps. Common: headache, muscle and joint pain, depression, psychotic disorders, ataxia, muscle flaccidity and progressive weight loss. Deterioration of renal function with proteinuria, hematuria and polyuria, increased potassium loss, nocturia, moderate increase blood pressure. In severe cases, corneal clouding and, less commonly, disc swelling may occur. optic nerve, inflammation of the iris, as well as cataracts. Overdose can also lead to kidney stones, calcification of the kidneys, soft tissues, blood vessels, heart muscle, lungs and skin. Rarely: cholestatic jaundice. Special attention should be given to patients with hypoparathyroidism, since these patients may have periods of normal sensitivity to vitamin D and the demand for it during this time is significantly less. Acute symptoms hypercalcemia include cardiac arrhythmia, nausea, vomiting, mental disorders, disorders of consciousness. In case of overdose, depending on the severity of hypercalcemia, a low-calcium diet, glucocorticoids, forced diuresis, or calcitonin can be used. There is no specific antidote.

Pregnancy and lactation

Category C. During pregnancy, use only if emergency. Vitamin D and its metabolites penetrate into mother's milk, however, no symptoms of overdose were found in breastfed children.

Cholecalciferol: instructions for use

The dosage is determined individually, but current calcium intake (including diet) should be taken into account. Orally. Preventatively. Infants older than 4 weeks, full-term, often staying on fresh air, as well as children under 2-3 years old: 500 IU/day. Premature infants over 4 weeks, twins, and infants in poor social conditions: 1000 IU/day. Adults: 500–1000 IU/day. Therapeutically, children 4 weeks to 18 years: 3,000–10,000 IU/day for 4–6 weeks under close medical supervision; if necessary, treatment can be repeated after a week's break. Treatment of rickets and osteomalacia: 1000–5000 IU/day. Adjuvant therapy for osteoporosis: 1000–3000 IU/day. Treatment of hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism: 10,000–20,000 IU/day depending on serum calcium concentration. Serum and urine calcium levels should be monitored every 4–6 weeks, then every 3–6 months.

Notes

Serum calcium levels should be monitored during long-term use of vitamin D3 or high doses greater than 1000 IU/day.

Colecalciferol or cholecalciferol(English) cholecalciferol or colecalciferol) - vitamin D 3. The most important vitamin for human physiology is from the group of vitamins D. Unlike most other vitamins, colecalciferol is synthesized in human body. The provitamin of colecalciferol is 7-dehydrocholesterol.

Colecalciferol regulates calcium-phosphorus metabolism in the body. It enhances the absorption of calcium and phosphates in the intestine, regulates their excretion by the kidneys, and also regulates the concentration of calcium in the blood plasma, normalizes the formation of teeth and bone skeleton in children, and helps in preserving bone structure.

Colecalciferol is absorbed in the distal small intestine with the participation of bile, enters the lymphatic system, from where it enters the general bloodstream and the liver.

Daily norm vitamin D, including the total of colecalciferol, ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and others, is, according to various sources, from 10 to 15 mcg.

Colecalciferol - Chemical substance

The chemical name of colecalciferol is (3beta,5Z,7E)-9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-trien-3-ol. Gross formula - C 27 H 44 O. Soluble in vegetable oils, alcohol, insoluble in water. The colecalciferol molecule has the appearance of a steroid with an open window.

Colecalciferol - international generic name medicinal product

In the ATC, colecalciferol is classified in the group “A11 Vitamins”, subgroup “A11CC Vitamin D and its derivatives”. The code for colecalciferol is A11CC05. Pharmacological group"Vitamins and vitamin-like products."

As a component of a complex active ingredient in the following medicines and dietary supplements:

• “calcium carbonate + colecalciferol” - Calcium D3 Classic, Calcium D3 MIC, Complivit Calcium D3, Complivit Calcium D3 for babies, Complivit Calcium D3 forte, Calcium-D 3 Nycomed, Calcium-D 3 Nycomed Forte, Natekal 1000, Natekal D3, Revital Calcium D3, Ideos*
• “calcium carbonate + magnesium hydroxide + zinc sulfate + colecalciferol” - Osteokea
• “alendronic acid + colecalciferol” - Ostalon Calcium-D, Fosavance, Fosavance forte
• in multicomponent vitamin complexes: Vitrum (various options), Duovit, Multi-Tabs (various options), Oligovit, Pikovit (various options) and many others
• in combination with polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids: dietary supplement Fish oil with calcium and vitamin D3

The amount of colecalciferol (vitamin D3) in various options Vitamin and mineral complexes from the same brand vary greatly. For example, in various types Vitrum:

• Vitrum, Vitrum Kids, Vitrum Performance, Vitrum Prenatal, Vitrum Centuri, Vitrum Junior contain 400 IU (10 mcg) of colecalciferol in one tablet
• Vitrum Beauty Lux, Vitrum Beauty Princess, Vitrum Baby, Vitrum Osteomag, Vitrum Teen - 200 IU (5 mcg)
• Vitrum Beauty, Vitrum Beauty Elite - 67 IU (1.68 mcg)
• Vitrum Antioxidant, Vitrum Vision, Vitrum Cardio Omega-3, Vitrum Lift-Skin Q10, Vitrum Memory, Vitrum Superstress do not contain colecalciferol

Note. For drugs marked with an asterisk, registration in Russia has ended and there is no information about its renewal.

Trade names of colecalciferol drugs in the USA: Carlson D, D 1000 IU, D2000, D3, D400, Ddrops, Decara, Delta D3, D-Vita Drops, Enfamil D-Vi-Sol, Replesta, Thera-D 2000, Thera-D Rapid Repletion, Vitamin D3, D3-5, D3-50, Maximum D3, Liquid Vitamin D-3, Thera-D 4000, Replesta NX, Replesta Children's, Thera-D Sport.

Colecalciferol has contraindications, side effects and application features, consultation with a specialist is necessary.