Who led the country after Stalin and beyond. General secretaries of the USSR in chronological order

General Secretaries of the USSR in chronological order

General secretaries of the USSR in chronological order. Today they are simply part of history, but once upon a time their faces were familiar to every single inhabitant of the vast country. Politic system in the Soviet Union was such that citizens did not elect their leaders. The decision to appoint the next secretary general was made by the ruling elite. But, nevertheless, the people respected government leaders and, for the most part, took this state of affairs as a given.

Joseph Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Stalin)

Joseph Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, better known as Stalin, was born on December 18, 1879 in the Georgian city of Gori. Became the first General Secretary of the CPSU. He received this position in 1922, when Lenin was still alive, and until the latter’s death he played a minor role in government.

When Vladimir Ilyich died, the race for the highest post began serious fight. Many of Stalin's competitors had a much better chance of taking over, but thanks to tough, uncompromising actions, Joseph Vissarionovich managed to emerge victorious. Most of the other applicants were physically destroyed, and some left the country.

In just a few years of rule, Stalin took the entire country into a tight grip. By the beginning of the 30s, he finally established himself as the sole leader of the people. The dictator's policies went down in history:

· mass repressions;

· total dispossession;

· collectivization.

For this, Stalin was branded by his own followers during the “thaw”. But there is also something for which Joseph Vissarionovich, according to historians, is worthy of praise. This is, first of all, the rapid transformation of a collapsed country into an industrial and military giant, as well as the victory over fascism. It is quite possible that if the “cult of personality” had not been so condemned by everyone, these achievements would have been unrealistic. Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin died on the fifth of March 1953.

Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev

Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev was born on April 15, 1894 in the Kursk province (Kalinovka village) into a simple working-class family. Participated in Civil War, where he took the side of the Bolsheviks. Member of the CPSU since 1918. At the end of the 30s he was appointed secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.

Khrushchev headed the Soviet state shortly after Stalin's death. At first, he had to compete with Georgy Malenkov, who also aspired to the highest position and at that time was actually the leader of the country, presiding over the Council of Ministers. But in the end, the coveted chair still remained with Nikita Sergeevich.

When Khrushchev was secretary general, the Soviet country:

· launched the first man into space and developed this area in every possible way;

· was actively built up with five-story buildings, today called “Khrushchev”;

· planted the lion's share of the fields with corn, for which Nikita Sergeevich was even nicknamed “the corn farmer.”

This ruler went down in history primarily with his legendary speech at the 20th Party Congress in 1956, where he condemned Stalin and his bloody policies. From that moment on, the so-called “thaw” began in the Soviet Union, when the grip of the state was loosened, cultural figures received some freedom, etc. All this lasted until Khrushchev was removed from his post on October 14, 1964.

Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev

Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was born in the Dnepropetrovsk region (Kamenskoye village) on December 19, 1906. His father was a metallurgist. Member of the CPSU since 1931. He took the main post of the country as a result of a conspiracy. It was Leonid Ilyich who led the group of members of the Central Committee that removed Khrushchev.

The Brezhnev era in the history of the Soviet state is characterized as stagnation. The latter manifested itself as follows:

· the country's development has stopped in almost all areas except military-industrial;

The USSR began to seriously lag behind Western countries;

· citizens again felt the grip of the state, repression and persecution of dissidents began.

Leonid Ilyich tried to improve relations with the United States, which had worsened during the time of Khrushchev, but he was not very successful. The arms race continued, and after the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan, it was impossible to even think about any reconciliation. Brezhnev held a high post until his death, which occurred on November 10, 1982.

Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov

Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov was born in the station town of Nagutskoye (Stavropol Territory) on June 15, 1914. His father was a railway worker. Member of the CPSU since 1939. He was active, which contributed to his rapid rise up the career ladder.

At the time of Brezhnev's death, Andropov headed the State Security Committee. He was elected by his comrades to the highest post. The reign of this Secretary General covers a period of less than two years. During this time, Yuri Vladimirovich managed to fight a little against corruption in power. But he didn’t accomplish anything drastic. On February 9, 1984, Andropov died. The reason for this was a serious illness.

Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko

Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko was born in 1911 on September 24 in the Yenisei province (village of Bolshaya Tes). His parents were peasants. Member of the CPSU since 1931. Since 1966 - deputy of the Supreme Council. Appointed General Secretary of the CPSU on February 13, 1984.

Chernenko continued Andropov’s policy of identifying corrupt officials. He was in power for less than a year. The cause of his death on March 10, 1985 was also a serious illness.

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev

Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev was born on March 2, 1931 in the North Caucasus (the village of Privolnoye). His parents were peasants. Member of the CPSU since 1952. He proved himself to be an active public figure. He quickly moved up the party line.

He was appointed Secretary General on March 11, 1985. He entered history with the policy of “perestroika,” which included the introduction of glasnost, the development of democracy, and the provision of certain economic freedoms and other liberties to the population. Gorbachev's reforms led to mass unemployment, the liquidation of state-owned enterprises, and a total shortage of goods. This calls to the ruler ambivalence from citizens former USSR, which collapsed precisely during the reign of Mikhail Sergeevich.

But in the West, Gorbachev is one of the most respected Russian politicians. He was even awarded Nobel Prize peace. Gorbachev was Secretary General until August 23, 1991, and headed the USSR until December 25 of the same year.

All deceased general secretaries of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics are buried near the Kremlin wall. Their list was completed by Chernenko. Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev is still alive. In 2017, he turned 86 years old.

Photos of the secretaries general of the USSR in chronological order

Stalin

Khrushchev

Brezhnev

Andropov

Chernenko

Most of the population, trained by decades of Stalin's rule, was ready to sacrifice themselves following the example of the builders Egyptian pyramids. However, there were people in those days who, having remembered the “friend of all children” and the “father of nations,” - after taking a sip of vodka and eating a cucumber with sauerkraut - decided that now their time had come.

The first version of the post-Stalin upgrade

Beria-Malenkov-Khrushchev and Bulganin who joined them became the first version of the upgrade of political and social system post-Stalin era.

Few people remember now, but after Stalin, the convenient comrade Malenkov took over the country, put there through the efforts of Beria. During Stalin's lifetime, Comrade Malenkov was what is now commonly called a speechwriter - in addition to the official post he held. Most of Stalin's reports in the late forties and early fifties were written by Georgy Malenkov.

It seemed to Beria and Malenkov that in order to gain a foothold in power and not allow themselves to be devoured by the rest of the Kremlin gray wolves, it was necessary to take over all government structures and, most importantly, the post of Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. They treated the party structures with short-sighted recklessness.

It was Malenkov who took the post of Chairman, and the portfolios were divided between the “comrades-in-arms” who supported him and Beria. Comrade N.S. Khrushchev did not get a government position. He was placed in an insignificant - according to the high nomenklatura criteria of that time - almost nominal post of Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee.

Checkmate of Nikita Khrushchev

It took Nikita Khrushchev a little less than two years to dislodge his rivals in an unusually calm manner, with the help of behind-the-scenes party games and sometimes very risky steps. And not just to displace, but to intercept and safely appropriate their almost democratic undertakings.

Thus, it was Beria who carried out a number of major industrial enterprises from the Gulag system to departmental ministries, began the process of mitigating and stopping the already launched flywheel of new repressions (the doctors’ case, etc.), implemented an amnesty and carried out the rehabilitation of several tens of hundreds of prisoners - this was a drop in the Gulag ocean, and it almost did not concern political prisoners, but it was then that hope for change arose among many thousands of innocently convicted people.

In a matter of months, he began to turn from a fiend into one of the most “liberal” reformers, but they did not hate him any less. Especially all the Kremlin assessors, since it was he who had all the strings connecting each of them and their associates with the repressions of the 30-50s.

Malenkov was the author of the idea of ​​​​debunking the cult of personality, reforming Agriculture, liberation from socialist slavery of collective farmers and priority light industry over heavy. He was generally a supporter of the ideas of the NEP.

Khrushchev, with two preventive strikes - first against Beria, and then against Malenkov - got rid of rivals who were superior to him in intelligence, but not in ambition.

It was Malenkov’s attempt to expand the governance of the country from the Stalinist model to the Leninist - collegial - when he heads the government and at the same time directs the activities of the highest bodies of the party, which played a cruel joke on him, since collegiality is possible only under democracy, and not under authoritarian totalitarianism.

At one of the meetings of the Presidium of the Central Committee, to which Malenkov came a little late, his place was taken by Khrushchev. To the interrogative remark - “we decided to return to the tradition of Lenin and I should preside as the head of the government,” - Khrushchev answered him dismissively: “What are you, Lenin?” It was from this moment that the star of the weak-willed and executive Malenkov finally fell from the Kremlin horizon.

Of course, Nikita Sergeevich did not decide on such an extravagant step out of the blue. Somewhat earlier, Malenkov’s patron Beria was appointed “an agent of international imperialism,” convicted, and executed. It was on him, and not on Stalin, whom Khrushchev was afraid of even after his death, that to a greater extent the repressions were blamed as a conspiracy against the Soviet people. Accusations of involvement in repressions became a convenient mechanism for Khrushchev to remove all dangerous and unwanted rivals, who had to repent and then resign. This is exactly how Khrushchev removed almost everyone who had been especially close to Stalin for many years: Molotov, Kaganovich, Mikoyan and others. Why none of them tried to “bring” Khrushchev himself to the same responsibility, because his zeal in this matter was no secret to anyone - this is a question for psychoanalysts.

Khrushchev personally took advantage of Malenkov’s ideas with great benefit for himself, but mainly only in terms of debunking the cult of personality. His understanding of the economy and surprisingly voluntaristic treatment of it, ultimately, after the rapid rise prepared by Malenkov, led to an equally rapid decline, right up to the shooting of a rally in Novocherkassk in 1962. Thus, the country finally put an end to the consistently progressive economic reforms that had been planned but had not yet begun.

Zugzwang for Khrushchev

Over five years, successively, Khrushchev eliminated all of his numerous competitors, each of whom, after Stalin’s death, could lay claim to the first role in the state: from Beria to Zhukov, who had been helping him all this time.

In March 1958, the formation of a new government began in the USSR. As a result, Khrushchev achieved his appointment to the post of Chairman of the Council of Ministers. At the same time, he retained the position of First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. In fact, this meant a complete victory for Khrushchev. The struggle for power after Stalin was over.

One thing Comrade Khrushchev could not take into account was that he was not the only one who knew how to weave conspiracies behind the Kremlin walls. Having eliminated from the path everyone who, like him, was a direct witness to Stalin’s death, leaving not only enemies around him, but also, if not friends, then comrades-in-arms, the last of whom was exile Zhukov, he became the victim of an absolutely identical conspiracy against him , organized by Shelepin-Semichastny-Brezhnev and Suslov and Podgorny who joined them, who were tired of Khrushchev’s poorly educated and unpredictably restless from one extreme to another, initiative idiocy.

Over the 69 years of the existence of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, several people became the head of the country. The first ruler of the new state was Vladimir Ilyich Lenin ( real name Ulyanov), who led the Bolshevik Party during October revolution. Then the role of head of state actually began to be performed by a person who held the position of General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee (Central Committee Communist Party Soviet Union).

IN AND. Lenin

The first significant decision of the new Russian government was to refuse to participate in the bloody world war. Lenin managed to achieve it, despite the fact that some party members were against concluding peace on unfavorable terms (Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty). Having saved hundreds of thousands, maybe millions of lives, the Bolsheviks immediately put them at risk in another war - a civil one. The fight against interventionists, anarchists and White Guards, as well as other opponents of Soviet power, brought quite a few casualties.

In 1921, Lenin initiated the transition from the policy of war communism to the new economic policy(NEP), which contributed to rapid recovery economy and national economy of the country. Lenin also contributed to the establishment of one-party rule in the country and the formation of the Union of Socialist Republics. The USSR in the form in which it was created did not satisfy Lenin’s requirements, however, he did not have time to make significant changes.

In 1922, hard work and the consequences of the assassination attempt on him by Socialist-Revolutionary Fanny Kaplan in 1918 made themselves felt: Lenin became seriously ill. He took less and less part in governing the state and other people took the leading roles. Lenin himself spoke with alarm about his possible successor - Secretary General party to Stalin: “Comrade Stalin, having become Secretary General, concentrated immense power in his hands, and I am not sure whether he will always be able to use this power carefully enough.” On January 21, 1924, Lenin died, and Stalin, as expected, became his successor.

One of the main directions to which V.I. Lenin paid great attention to the development Russian economy. At the direction of the first leader of the country of the Soviets, many factories for the production of equipment were organized, and the completion of the AMO automobile plant (later ZIL) in Moscow began. Much attention Lenin paid attention to the development of domestic energy and electronics. Perhaps, if fate had given the “leader of the world proletariat” (as Lenin was often called) more time, he would have raised the country to a high level.

I.V. Stalin

Lenin’s successor Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (real name Dzhugashvili), who in 1922 took the post of General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, pursued a more rigid policy. Now the name of Stalin is associated mainly with the so-called “Stalinist repressions” of the 30s, when several million residents of the USSR were deprived of property (the so-called “dekulakization”), were imprisoned or executed for political reasons (for condemning the current government).
Indeed, the years of Stalin's rule left a bloody mark on the history of Russia, but there were also positive features this period. During this time, from an agricultural country with a secondary economy, the Soviet Union turned into a world power with enormous industrial and military potential. The development of the economy and industry took its toll during the Great Patriotic War, which, although costly to the Soviet people, was still won. Already during the hostilities, it was possible to establish good supplies for the army and create new types of weapons. After the war, many cities that had been destroyed almost to the ground were restored at an accelerated pace.

N.S. Khrushchev

Shortly after Stalin's death (March 1953) general secretary The Central Committee of the CPSU became (September 13, 1953) Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev. This leader of the CPSU became famous, perhaps, most of all for his extraordinary actions, many of which are still remembered. So, in 1960 at General Assembly UN Nikita Sergeevich took off his shoe and, threatening to show Kuzka’s mother, began banging it on the podium in protest against the speech of the Filipino delegate. The period of Khrushchev's reign is associated with the development of the arms race between the USSR and the USA (the so-called “Cold War”). In 1962, the deployment of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba almost led to a military conflict with the United States.

From positive changes that occurred during the reign of Khrushchev, one can note the rehabilitation of the victims of Stalin’s repressions (having taken the post of General Secretary, Khrushchev initiated the removal of Beria from his posts and his arrest), the development of agriculture through the development of unplowed lands (virgin lands), as well as the development of industry. It was during the reign of Khrushchev that the first launch of an artificial Earth satellite and the first human flight into space occurred. The period of Khrushchev's reign has an unofficial name - the “Khrushchev Thaw”.

L.I. Brezhnev

Khrushchev was replaced as General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee by Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (October 14, 1964). For the first time, a change of party leader was made not after his death, but by removal from office. The era of Brezhnev's rule went down in history as “stagnation”. The fact is that the Secretary General was a staunch conservative and an opponent of any reforms. Continued " cold war", which was the reason why most of resources went to the military industry to the detriment of other areas. Therefore, during this period, the country practically stopped in its technical development and began to lose to other leading powers in the world (excluding the military industry). In 1980, the XXII Summer Olympic Games, which were boycotted by some countries (USA, Germany and others) in protest against the introduction of Soviet troops into Afghanistan.

During Brezhnev's time, some attempts were made to defuse tensions in relations with the United States: American-Soviet treaties on the limitation of strategic offensive weapons were concluded. But these attempts were dashed by the introduction of Soviet troops into Afghanistan in 1979. At the end of the 80s, Brezhnev was actually no longer capable of ruling the country and was only considered the leader of the party. On November 10, 1982, he died at his dacha.

Yu. V. Andropov

On November 12, Khrushchev’s place was taken by Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, who previously headed the State Security Committee (KGB). He achieved sufficient support among party leaders, therefore, despite the resistance of Brezhnev's former supporters, he was elected General Secretary and then Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Having taken the helm, Andropov proclaimed a course for socio-economic transformations. But all the reforms boiled down to administrative measures, strengthening discipline and exposing corruption in high circles. In foreign policy confrontation with the West only intensified. Andropov sought to strengthen personal power: in June 1983 he took the post of chairman of the presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, while remaining general secretary. However, Andropov did not stay in power for long: he died on February 9, 1984 due to kidney disease, without having time to make significant changes in the life of the country.

K.U. Chernenko

On February 13, 1984, the post of head of the Soviet state was taken by Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko, who was considered a contender for the post of General Secretary even after Brezhnev’s death. Chernenko held this important post at the age of 72, being seriously ill, so it was clear that this was only a temporary figure. During Chernenko's reign, a number of reforms were undertaken, which were never brought to their logical conclusion. On September 1, 1984, Knowledge Day was celebrated for the first time in the country. On March 10, 1985, Chernenko died. His place was taken by Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev, who later became the first and last president of the USSR.

Abstract on the history of Russia

In October 1952, the 19th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks took place, at which it was renamed CPSU. The report was given by Malenkov, and Khrushchev made a report on changes in the Charter. After the congress, Stalin proposed electing a narrow bureau of the Presidium, which did not include either Molotov or Mikoyan. Then a non-statutory five were created within the Bureau - Stalin, Malenkov, Beria, Bulganin, Khrushchev. Getting ready new tour repression. Molotov, Voroshilov, and even Beria felt the disgrace. However, in January 1953, Stalin's health deteriorated. He died on March 5, 1953.

Difficulties in the economic sphere, ideologization of socio-political life, increased international tension - these were the results of the development of society in the first post-war years. During this period, the regime of Stalin's personal power became even stronger, and the administrative-command system became tougher. During these same years, the idea of ​​the need for change in society became more and more clearly formed in the public consciousness. The death of Stalin facilitated the search for a way out of the contradictions that entangled all spheres of public life.

Where could the country go after Stalin's death? It was possible either for a temporary continuation of Stalinism, which created serious threat life and well-being of millions of people and entire nations, or some softening of it while maintaining the general political course, or a turn to de-Stalinization? De-Stalinization did not mean liquidation totalitarian regime. We could only talk about an initial cleansing from the legacy of Stalinism: the liberation of the repressed, a turn to solving the most pressing agrarian problems, and a weakening of the dogmatic pressure in culture. The first option was associated with the prospect of Beria coming to power; Molotov and Bulganin would probably take part in the implementation of the second; in practice, the third option began to be implemented. And N.S. Khrushchev associated himself with him.

The most influential political figures in the leadership were Malenkov, Beria and Khrushchev. The balance was extremely unstable.

New management policy spring 1953 was controversial. Each of the contenders for power sought to seize it in their own way. Beria - through control over state security agencies and troops. Malenkov - declaring his desire to pursue a popular policy of increasing the well-being of the people, “to take care of the maximum satisfaction of their material needs,” calling for the creation in our country of an abundance of food for the population and raw materials for light industry in 2-3 years. At a closed meeting in the Kremlin, Malenkov was elected Chairman of the Council of Ministers, the MGB and the Ministry of Internal Affairs were united under the leadership of Beria. The main thing is in the mood ruling elite was that she wanted to preserve the regime, but without repression against the apparatus. Objectively, the situation turned out favorably for Khrushchev, who showed extraordinary activity these days. Khrushchev, as the only one of the Central Committee secretaries included in the Presidium, took control of the party cadres. Since he had good connections with the military high command, the situation worked out in his favor. Zhukov and Khrushchev prepared an action against Beria and in July 1953 he was arrested. The court sentenced Beria and his assistants to death. In September 1953, Khrushchev was elected first secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. The process of de-Stalinization began.

The first steps towards restoring the rule of law in the country were taken in April 1953. The investigation into the “Doctors’ Case” was stopped. Participants in the “Mingrelian case” were released from prison. The Leningrad case was revised.

One of the central places in the activities of the new leadership was occupied by the work of liberating society from the most monstrous forms of the command-administrative system, in particular overcoming the personality cult of Stalin. A reorganization of the structure and renewal of personnel in the internal affairs and state security bodies was carried out. Work was carried out to rehabilitate innocent victims of repression, for which a special commission was created under the chairmanship of Pospelov (by the beginning of 1956, about 16 thousand people were rehabilitated).

In the second half of the 50s. continued the policy aimed at restoration of legality in the socio-political sphere. To strengthen law and order, reform of the justice system was carried out. New criminal legislation was developed and approved. At the end of the 50s. Unfounded charges against the deported peoples were dropped. Chechens, Kalmyks, Ingush, Karachais and Balkars evicted from their native places received the right to return to their homeland. The autonomy of these peoples was restored. Charges of aiding the German occupiers were dropped against the Soviet Germans. The repatriation of citizens of Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria and other countries in special settlements has begun.

However, the policies pursued were inconsistent. Rehabilitation did not affect many large Soviet and statesmen 30s, in particular Rykov, Bukharin - leaders of the opposition to Stalin. The deported Volga Germans were denied return to their former places of residence. Rehabilitation did not affect those repressed in the 30s. Soviet Koreans and those evicted during the years Patriotic War from the Crimea Tatar population.

The de-Stalinization policy pursued by Khrushchev and numerous restructurings in the political and economic spheres caused growing discontent among parts of the party and state apparatus. In 1957, a group of party leaders led by Malenkov, Molotov and Kaganovich tried to remove Khrushchev from the post of First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. They accused Khrushchev of violating the principles of “collective leadership” and establishing his own cult, of arbitrary and thoughtless foreign policy actions, and of economic voluntarism. However, the open resistance of some party and state leaders to the reform policy ended in failure. A significant part of the party and Soviet leaders at this moment supported Khrushchev. The June (1957) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee found the group of Malenkov, Molotov and Kaganovich guilty of opposing the political course of the party. The group members were expelled from the highest party bodies and removed from their positions.

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was elected President of the USSR on March 15, 1990 at the III Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR.
On December 25, 1991, in connection with the cessation of the existence of the USSR as a state entity, M.S. Gorbachev announced his resignation from the post of President and signed a Decree transferring control of strategic nuclear weapons to Russian President Yeltsin.

On December 25, after Gorbachev’s announcement of resignation, the red state flag of the USSR was lowered in the Kremlin and the flag of the RSFSR was raised. First and last President The USSR left the Kremlin forever.

The first president of Russia, then still the RSFSR, Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin was elected on June 12, 1991 by popular vote. B.N. Yeltsin won in the first round (57.3% of the votes).

In connection with the expiration of the term of office of the President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin and in accordance with the transitional provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, elections for the President of Russia were scheduled for June 16, 1996. This was the only presidential election in Russia where two rounds were required to determine the winner. The elections took place from June 16 to July 3 and were distinguished by intense competition between candidates. The main competitors were considered current president Russia B. N. Yeltsin and the leader of the Communist Party Russian Federation G. A. Zyuganov. According to the election results, B.N. Yeltsin received 40.2 million votes (53.82 percent), significantly ahead of G.A. Zyuganov, who received 30.1 million votes (40.31 percent). 3.6 million Russians (4.82%) voted against both candidates .

December 31, 1999 at 12:00 pm Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin voluntarily ceased to exercise the powers of the President of the Russian Federation and transferred the powers of the President to the Chairman of the Government Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. On April 5, 2000, the first President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, was awarded pensioner and labor veteran certificates.

December 31, 1999 Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin became acting president of the Russian Federation.

In accordance with the Constitution, the Federation Council of the Russian Federation set March 26, 2000 as the date for holding early presidential elections.

On March 26, 2000, 68.74 percent of voters included in the voting lists, or 75,181,071 people, took part in the elections. Vladimir Putin received 39,740,434 votes, which amounted to 52.94 percent, that is, more than half of the votes. On April 5, 2000, the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation decided to recognize the presidential elections of the Russian Federation as valid and valid, and to consider Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin elected to the post of President of Russia.