Nicotinic acid, solution for injection. Nicotinic acid What effect does nicotinic acid give?
Cosmetologists often mention nicotinic acid when talking about hair care. Don't be intimidated by the name, which looks like an ingredient in cigarettes. This vitamin has nothing to do with this substance; on the contrary, it is a very useful microelement for hair and the body as a whole. Otherwise, nicotinic acid is called vitamin PP or nicotinamide. You will learn about how nicotine tablets affect curls, the basic rules for their use and contraindications in our article.
Operating principle
Nicotinic acid is a drug that has been used in medicine for quite a long time to treat various diseases and replenish the lack of vitamin PP in the body.
The substance has a vasodilating effect, so it is often used as a component of hair care recipes. This element takes an active part in the metabolic process; its deficiency negatively affects the digestive system, nervous, cardiovascular system, etc.
Externally, a lack of niacin manifests itself in a deterioration in the condition of hair, skin, and nails. The principle of action of nicotinimide is as follows:
The substance, entering the body, gradually replenishes the lack of vitamins and increases blood circulation. Accordingly, more useful components are supplied to the hair follicles, and the metabolic process is accelerated. All this leads to an increase in the growth of strands, thickening, and strengthening their structure. Note,
The vitamin also affects the production of the strands’ own pigment. With regular, proper use, the hair's own shade improves, gray hair decreases, and the brightness and shine of the hair returns. The drug is available in three forms: powder, tablets, injection solution
- . Today we will talk specifically about the tablet form, and the reasons for this are the following:
- wider effect, since after taking the tablets an improvement in the condition of nails, eyebrows, eyelashes, and skin was often observed;
treatment results are longer lasting compared to other forms of nicotinic acid.
Composition and benefits
- calcium stearate;
- sucrose;
- talc;
- corn starch.
Vitamin B3 is also found in foods that we eat regularly: eggs, fish, beef liver, kidneys, beans, bread products, potatoes, chicken, dairy products, buckwheat, carrots. Read on our website what other products stimulate hair growth.
Nicotinic acid in hair growth tablets has the following advantages compared to other drugs:
- The drug does not dry out the skin and hair.
- Affordable price.
- Easy to use.
- Long lasting results.
- Eliminates the problem of dandruff, split ends and hair loss.
- The condition of not only curls, but also eyelashes, eyebrows, nails, and skin improves.
In what cases is it accepted?
Nicotinic acid tablets are prescribed in the following situations:
- avitaminosis;
- postpartum period and pregnancy;
- disorders of the gastrointestinal tract;
- improper, poor nutrition;
- constant nervous tension;
- frequent migraines;
- hair loss.
Nicotine can also eliminate the following hair problems:
- slow curl growth;
- hair loss;
- dry scalp;
- dandruff, flaking, itching of the scalp;
- frequent use of hot tools for styling curls;
- weakened, dull curls.
You might be interested to know which hair comb will help you grow long and thick curls.
Price
The cost of the drug is one of its main advantages. The price in Russian pharmacies for a package of 50 tablets with a dosage of 50 mg of nicotinic acid varies from 15 to 40 rubles, depending on the manufacturer.
You can purchase this product at any pharmacy. The packaging contains vitamins on a blister or in a jar and instructions for use.
Contraindications
Hair growth tablets with nicotinic acid should not be taken for the following diseases:
- atherosclerosis;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- hepatitis;
- diabetes;
- high blood pressure;
- peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
- hypersensitivity to the drug;
- gout;
- childhood.
- glaucoma;
- gastritis;
- period of pregnancy and lactation;
- low blood pressure with vegetative-vascular dystonia.
How to use it correctly
Nicotinimide for hair growth in tablets is used in a course of 15–45 days, 2 tablets per day. You need to take nicotinic acid tablets with plenty of mineral water or milk; you must take it after meals.
For prevention It is enough to take 1 tablet 1–2 days after meals.
With excessive hair loss you need to take 1 piece three times a day.
However, experts recommend starting with taking 1 tablet per day and, in the absence of adverse reactions, increasing to 2 tablets. In case of discomfort or deterioration of health, it is better to refuse such a remedy and look for an alternative.
Important! The course of treatment can be repeated no more than once every six months. In general, the interval for repeating treatment depends on the length of the course, that is, the longer the course of treatment, the longer the break.
In any case, before starting to use any medicine, you must first consult a doctor.
Photos before and after
Effect of use
The results of taking the drug appear after a couple of weeks. Typically the effect goes according to the following scheme:
- First, hair loss gradually stops, as evidenced by the reduction of hair on a comb that has been used regularly.
- Next, vellus hair appears in place of the bald patches. This suggests that the dormant bulbs have activated and begun to produce new hairs. Thanks to this, the thickness of the hairstyle increases and volume appears.
- 3-4 weeks after taking it, increased hair growth will become noticeable. The curls become thick, dense, and shiny. Nicotine can increase hair growth by up to 4 centimeters in a month.
However, nicotinimide has the following side effects:
- skin redness, burning;
- increased body temperature;
- weakness, dizziness, sudden drop in blood pressure;
- gastrointestinal disorder (diarrhea, flatulence);
- increased production of gastric juice;
- urticaria, itchy skin;
- deterioration of liver function.
Attention! The most common reaction of the body to vitamin PP is redness of the skin and burning sensation - you should not immediately stop taking the drug because of this.
Typically, such symptoms occur due to increased blood circulation in the hair follicles and disappear as the body adapts to the action of the product. However, if these symptoms do not stop for a long time and cause discomfort, you should consult a doctor.
Advantages and disadvantages
The positive aspects of nicotinimide include:
- affordable price;
- ease of use;
- long lasting effect;
- normalization of the condition of hair, skin, nails;
- accelerating the growth rate of curls;
- stopping hair loss;
- the drug can be combined with other drugs.
Among the negative aspects of using nicotinimide are:
- the presence of many contraindications and adverse reactions;
- hair may begin to grow not only on the head.
To summarize, we can say that nicotinic acid is an excellent product at an affordable price that helps increase hair growth and improve its condition. Many positive reviews only confirm the effectiveness of the product. However, you should not prescribe it yourself or abuse it; it is better to entrust this to a trichologist, because there can be a huge number of reasons for hair loss or slower growth.
Proper use of the drug according to the instructions for use and with the recommended dosage will give excellent results after 15 days of use.
Useful videos
Nicotinic acid for hair growth.
Trichologist about nicotinic acid.
People have recently begun to pay a lot of attention to nicotinic acid. And this is not surprising. After all, nicotinic acid is considered a very important vitamin that helps in solving dermatological problems. we’ll talk about it today.
Features of the drug
Nicotinic acid is also known to many as vitamin PP, as well as B3. This product is used in practical dermatology. The term “niacin” combines a number of compounds, which include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. These substances are endowed with similar vitamin activity.
The Latin name of this substance is Acidum nicotinicum (genus Acidi nicotinici).
Nicotinic acid is considered a very important vitamin, which is also called “niacin”, “vitamin PP”, “nicotinamide”. This vitamin is found in the following foods:
- fish;
- buckwheat;
- celery;
- fruits;
- meat (white);
- beet;
- liver;
- carrot;
- pumpkin;
- legumes
Nicotinic acid preparations are available without a prescription.
Nicotinic acid is also used for weight loss. The video below will tell you whether it helps in this case:
Dosage forms
Nicotinic acid can be purchased in pharmacies in two forms:
- Pills.
- Ampoules. They are available in boxes of 10 pieces. Nicotinic acid ampoules are often produced in plastic ampoules, which is very convenient for use.
Composition of nicotinic acid
The injection contains 10 mg of nicotinic acid. Additional substances used:
- water for injections;
- sodium bicarbonate.
Prices
The cost of a pack of nicotinic acid in ampoules (10 pieces) is about 30 - 50 rubles. The price for nicotinic acid varies from 20 to 200 rubles and depends on the form of release and the volume of the drug.
pharmachologic effect
- The scope of application of nicotinic acid is quite wide due to the fact that this vitamin affects the entire body. With its deficiency, dementia, inflammatory processes, and diarrhea can develop.
- Nicotinic acid is considered an essential element for the circulatory system. It can have a special effect on small blood vessels. With a sufficient amount of nicotinic acid, there is an improvement in the blood supply to the body and a decrease in stagnation in the area of the kidneys and liver.
- Nicotinamide is used in all areas of medicine. Thanks to it, oxidative processes are normalized, cholesterol levels in the blood decrease, blood supply to the brain increases, and microcirculation improves.
Pharmacodynamics
Nicotinic acid regulates redox processes, the synthesis of proteins, fats, tissue respiration, and glycogen breakdown. This vitamin also inhibits lipolysis within adipose tissue and normalizes the lipid composition of the blood. Under its influence, there is a decrease in the level of triglycerides and total cholesterol.
The substance has a detoxifying effect. It is used in the treatment of Hartnup disease (a hereditary disorder of tryptophan metabolism).
Pharmacokinetics
Nicotinic acid is easily absorbed in the following parts of the gastrointestinal tract:
- upper parts of the duodenum;
- pyloric section of the stomach.
Partial biotransformation of the substance in the liver is noted, which is accompanied by the formation of glucuronide, methylpyridonecarboxamides, a complex with glycerol, and N-methylnicotinamide. Nicotinic acid is excreted virtually unchanged in urine.
Indications
Medicines containing nicotinic acid can be prescribed for the treatment of the following diseases:
- pellagra;
- intoxication;
- spasms of blood vessels in the extremities;
- depression;
- neuritis of the facial nerve;
- diabetes;
- lipid metabolism disorder, which leads to obesity;
- decreased visual acuity.
In dermatology, the substance is used in the treatment of such pathologies:
- wounds that do not heal for a long time;
- pellagra.
Nicotinic acid plays a special role in cosmetology. Experts prescribe this vitamin to improve the condition of the dermis and accelerate hair growth. Nicotinamide helps due to its drainage action. It helps remove excess fluid from the body.
With regular use of vitamin PP, you can notice an improvement in the condition of the facial dermis. She becomes more fit and beautiful. There is a noticeable reduction in fine wrinkles on the skin. A good effect can be achieved with daily use of nicotinic acid.
Instructions for use
Nicotinic acid can be used externally or orally (sometimes). If present on the dermis, experts recommend taking vitamin PP in tablets. To cleanse the skin, it is enough to complete a therapeutic course of 14 days. Usually you need to take 2 tablets per day. Exceeding the dose specified by a specialist may harm the body.
Nicotinic acid released in ampoules should be used very quickly after opening the bottle. The contents of the ampoule should be removed from the ampoule using a syringe and injected into the glass container. It is not recommended to use plastic or metal containers, as the acid may react with these substances.
You should apply nicotinic acid with your fingers on the forehead, temples, along the hair lines. In this case, the strands should be separated with a thin comb.
For adults
The drug can be used for oral, intravenous, or intramuscular administration. Adults are administered intravenously 1 ml of vitamin slowly per day. The therapeutic course is about 10 – 15 days. For adults, the highest single dose is calculated - 0.1 g. The maximum daily dose is 0.3 g.
For children
For children and adolescents, the daily dose is set individually (5 – 20 ml).
During pregnancy and lactation
During pregnancy, the need for nicotinic acid increases. Doctors recommend consuming more foods containing this important vitamin:
- Nuts (peanuts, cashews, pine nuts, pistachios).
- Peas.
- Squid.
- Fish (mackerel, pike, chum salmon, mackerel, tuna, sardine, salmon).
- Liver.
- Meat (turkey, goose, rabbit, chicken, beef).
The daily dose of vitamin PP for women is about 14 – 20 mg. Preparations with nicotinic acid should be taken with caution during pregnancy and lactation.
For hair
Experts have noted the effectiveness of niacin (nicotinic acid) in hair growth. Taking medications containing this vitamin significantly improves hair quality.
To improve the condition of the hair, nicotinic acid should be applied to the hair itself. The smell of the medicine disappears quite quickly. People around you won't even notice that you are treating your hair. To improve hair health, experts recommend using ampoules.
Nicotinic acid for hair growth is discussed in detail in the video below:
Contraindications
Nicotinic acid should not be used for hair restoration if:
- there is intolerance to the components of the drug;
- the skin is very sensitive and reacts quite painfully to treatment with this product;
- the presence of any hemorrhages;
- should not be used if there are problems with blood vessels (vegetative-vascular dysfunction,).
Nicotinic acid should not be used if:
- gout;
- severe liver dysfunction;
Name, abbreviations, other names:
Nicotinic acid, niacin, vitamin PP, B3 (b3), b3, pp, E375
Chemical formula: C₆H₅NO₂
Group: water soluble vitamins
Name in Latin: Vitaminum PP, Acidum nicotinicum ( genus. Acidi nicotinici), Niacin, Nicotinamide
Varieties
:
In the body, nicotinic acid is converted into its active form, nicotinamide, but their functions are slightly different. 
What (who) is it useful for:
- For the whole body: participates in most redox reactions (protein synthesis, energy exchange...), in the process of producing new cells, supports the proper functioning of all cells in the body.
- For the brain: supports the normal functioning of processes such as memory, attention, associative thinking.
A nicotinic acid:
- For the vascular system: helps in cleaning blood vessels from cholesterol and other fats (even dense deposits and “bad” cholesterol). Prevents the development of vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis.
- For the circulatory system: helps neutralize many toxins, poisonous substances, and also lower triglyceride levels (very important for diabetics (type II) and hypertension). Participates in the synthesis of hemoglobin.
- For the nervous system: helps in the fight against nervous system disorders (migraines, depression, fears, anxiety...).
- For skin, nails: PP supports metabolic processes in skin and nail cells, ensures tissue respiration.
Nicotinamide:
- For joints: supports normal metabolism in joints and bone tissue, thereby preventing the development of joint diseases.
- For diabetics: nicotinamide reduces the required dose of insulin for the body, reduces the likelihood of pancreatic disease, and generally reduces the risk of developing type I diabetes.
For what (whom) is it harmful:
- For patients with the following diseases: glaucoma, gout, liver failure, arterial hypotension, hyperacid gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers (without exacerbation), hemorrhage, elevated uric acid levels. Taking RR is possible, but with very great caution.
Indications for use:
hypovitaminosis B3 (PP), vitamin deficiency, pellagra, disorders of the pancreas, diabetes, sudden weight loss, gastrectomy, enteropathy, diarrhea, fever, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism, prolonged stress, colitis, atherosclerosis, frequent migraines, depression, long non-healing wounds and ulcers on the skin, osteoarthritis and osteochondrosis.
Long-term insufficiency (deficiency):
Leads to a serious illness - pellagra (dermatitis, psoriasis, diarrhea, nausea, damage to the mucous membranes (inflammation of the tongue), nervous disorders, redness of different areas of the skin, dementia, baldness), premature dementia, paralysis, heartburn, burning in the mouth, increased salivation, high arterial pressure.
Symptoms of deficiency:
Severe fatigue, lethargy, headaches, insomnia, severe irritability, anxiety and fears, depression and depression, swelling and redness of the tongue and mucous membranes in the mouth, dermatitis, cracks in the mouth, diarrhea (or, conversely, constipation), dry and pale skin , tachycardia, pain in the arms and legs. 
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity and intolerance to RR, fever, gastric and duodenal ulcers (in an acute state), urinary tract diseases, liver diseases, glaucoma, gout, hypotension, children under 2 years of age.
Side effects:
Allergy; facial redness, dizziness and burning (with intravenous administration), itching, rashes on the body, heartburn, nausea, decreased blood pressure, increased stomach acidity, increased uric acid levels.
Daily norm required by the body:
- For men - ~ 20 mg. vitamin PP per day
- For women - ~ 20 mg/day.
- For children (from 0 to 1 year) - ~ 2 - 6 mg/day.
- For children (from 1 to 8 years) - ~ 8 - 10 mg/day.
- For adolescents (from 9 to 13 years old) - ~ 12 mg/day.
- For pregnant women - ~ 25 mg/day.
- For nursing - ~ 25 mg/day.
Level of vitamin in blood:
3.0 – 36 ng/ml.
Overdose:
possible.
Overdose symptoms:
Severe redness in the face, neck, shoulders (flush of blood in these areas), diarrhea, nausea, asthenia, dry skin and mucous membranes of the eyes, itching, fainting, arrhythmia, impaired liver function, insomnia.
In children: sepsis (blood poisoning).
Main sources:
Liver, eggs, milk, brewer's yeast, wheat germ, whole grain or whole grain cereals (buckwheat, oats, barley, rye), legumes (peas, beans), dates, tomatoes, cabbage, carrots, herbs (sorrel, mint, parsley... ). 
How long can you take:
Release form:
Tablets, sodium nicotinate solution for injection. 
Best before date:
Nicotinic acid (vitamin PP)- this is the only vitamin that medicine considers not just a supplement, but a real medicine, since it can treat specific diseases - pellagra, lowering cholesterol in the blood.
About nicotinic acid, vitamin PP, B3 and niacin
All these names are names of the same substance.
PP is a water-soluble vitamin, but it dissolves poorly in water, very poorly in cold water, and better in hot water. Also poorly soluble in ether and ethanol.
Niacin tolerates high temperatures very well, but does not tolerate exposure to light.
Tryptophan, found in most natural proteins, can be a good source of niacin. It is formed in the body from tryptophan (60 mg of tryptophan gives 1 mg of nicotinic acid). Low levels of tryptophan in staple foods (eg corn) can lead to pellagra. But it is worth remembering that tryptophan, which is beneficial for us, is found only in plant proteins. The presence of vitamins B6 (pyridoxine) and B2 (riboflavin) is desirable - they will improve synthesis. 
Vitamin PP is not very compatible with antihypertensive drugs, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and anticoagulants. 
The 3 B vitamins – B1, B2 and B3 (PP) – complement each other well and enhance the therapeutic effect. It is also recommended to combine PP with vitamin C, since nicotinic acid provokes its leaching from the body and the losses must be immediately replenished.
About nicotinic acid and nicotinamide
This substance is very similar to nicotinic acid, and repeats it in everything: both in action, and in functions (though not in all), and in the indications for which it is used. The only difference from acid is that when administered intravenously, there are no side effects characteristic of this acid (they are listed above).
How to take (for medicinal purposes)
The drugs are taken either orally or by injection intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
Usually taken either with or after meals.
Tablets, powders and tablets are taken once a day (after meals). When treating serious diseases, the dose is increased and the vitamin is taken 2-4 times a day.
Intramuscular injection is usually administered once a day (sometimes twice).
Nicotinic acid is a water-soluble vitamin, another name for which is PP, niacin or B3. The name R.R. comes from the Latin Preventive Pellagra. This biologically active substance is a direct participant in all redox processes in the body.
Shortage in the body of this vitamin can lead to the development of pellagra. This disease is characterized by a triad of “Three D” symptoms - dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia.
Composition and release form
The pharmaceutical industry produces nicotinic acid in the form of tablets for oral administration and solution for injection. INN of the active substance is nicotinic acid.
The solution for parenteral administration is available in glass ampoules 1 ml each The package contains 10 ampoules. Each milliliter of 0.1% solution contains 10 mg of active ingredient and auxiliary components. The solution is a clear, colorless liquid.
Nicotinic acid tablets contain 50 mg of active ingredient and can be sold in two types of packaging:
- Bottles made of dark glass or polymer material, which contain 50 tablets.
- Contour cells of 10 tablets. Each cardboard package contains 5 cells.
Pharmacological and biochemical properties
Niacin is in its own way unique drug. Being a vitamin, it does not belong to dietary supplements, but to medicines.
- Vitamin PP is one of the most effective means for reducing blood cholesterol levels.
- Under the influence of nicotinic acid, enzymes are activated, which are responsible for the production of energy from lipids and carbohydrates in cells. This energy is necessary for the normal functioning of all cells of a living organism. If the content of vitamin PP is insufficient, energy reserves in tissues and cells are depleted.
- Vitamin PP is directly involved in the production of sex hormones - testosterone, progesterone, estrogens. In addition, with the participation of niacin, insulin, thyroxine, and cortisol are produced.
- The vasodilating therapeutic effect of vitamin PP is widely used to treat a number of surgical and neurological diseases.
- The lipid-lowering effect consists of reducing the level of atherogenic cholesterol fractions in the blood.
- Under the influence of nicotinic acid, the balance of lipid fractions is normalized, the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides decreases.
- Blood circulation in the microcirculatory system improves, which helps improve nutrition of various tissues and organs. This pattern also applies to brain tissue.
- The tendency to form blood clots is reduced and the risk of developing thrombosis and thromboembolism is reduced
- In patients who have previously suffered an acute myocardial infarction, the use of this drug significantly increases the survival rate and speeds up recovery.
- Under the influence of nicotinic acid, the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases are eliminated and the level of low-density lipoproteins is reduced. The level of high-density lipoproteins increases.
- In people suffering from type 1 diabetes, the use of this drug can significantly reduce the dosage of insulin administered. In addition, regular consumption of vitamin PP helps prevent the development of diabetes. This biologically active substance protects pancreatic cells from damage.
- Niacin reduces the severity of pain in arthritis and osteoarthritis, improving the mobility of large joints.
- The sedative effect of this drug is described. Its use potentiates the effect of taking psychoactive drugs, which is widely used in the complex treatment of schizophrenia, endogenous depression, alcohol and drug addiction.
- With the help of preparations based on this vitamin, it is possible to carry out detoxification effects for various types of poisoning.
- Regular intake of this vitamin reduces the frequency and severity of migraine attacks.
- Niacin helps improve the condition of skin and hair.
Indications for use
Vitamin PP has a very extensive list of indications for use. You can take tablets and give injections of this drug for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes:
- Hypovitaminosis and vitamin deficiency RR, which are caused by a lack of its intake into the body with food.
- Long-term parenteral nutrition.
- Malabsorption syndrome caused by disturbances in the pancreas or intestines.
- Hartnup's disease.
- Chronic diseases of the digestive tract, accompanied by severe diarrhea.
- Condition after gastrectomy (surgical removal of one or two thirds of the stomach).
- Chronic diseases of the liver and biliary system.
- Diseases of the thyroid gland accompanied by hyperthyroidism.
- Chronic stress.
- Oncological diseases.
- Chronic infectious processes.
- Vascular atherosclerosis, accompanied by hyperlipidemia, triglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia.
- Obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower extremities (Raynaud's disease, etc.).
- Cerebrovascular disease with ischemic circulatory disorders, ischemic strokes, visual impairment and tinnitus.
- Diseases accompanied by spasm of peripheral vessels, biliary and urinary tracts.
- Diabetes and its complications - diabetic angiopathy and polyneuropathy.
- Chronic gastritis with decreased secretory function.
- Neuritis and neuropathy of the facial nerve.
- Colitis or enterocolitis.
- Trophic ulcers or wounds that do not heal for a long time.
- Osteochondrosis of the spine in various parts.
- Chronic hemorrhoids.
- Various types of obesity.
- Acute and chronic poisoning with alcohol or drugs.
For preventive purposes, vitamin PP can be consumed to prevent the development of cancer, hemorrhoids, and obesity. In addition, this acid improves concentration and improves visual acuity.
Dosage and method of administration
Niacin is a drug that must be taken strictly according to existing regimens. Under no circumstances should you self-medicate or try to drink or inject it yourself. Such self-medication will not only not benefit your body, but may cause significant harm.
If there is a deficiency of vitamin PP in the body, it is prescribed in tablets orally after meals. Take 2 tablets 2 or 3 times a day. The duration of the therapeutic course is 15-20 days.
For the treatment of other diseases not associated with niacin deficiency, it is prescribed 1-2 tablets per day. The maximum single dosage should not exceed 2 tablets, and the daily dosage should not exceed 6. This regimen is used unless the doctor prescribes a dose otherwise.
For the treatment of diseases associated with disorders blood circulation, low acidity of gastric juice, migraine and migraine-like attacks, neuritis of the facial nerve, the drug is prescribed orally, 1-2 tablets 4-5 times a day. The total duration of the therapeutic course should not exceed 30 days.
Injections of this drug are prescribed for therapeutic purposes at the rate of 10 mg of the drug 2-3 times a day. The drug can be administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. Full course of injections usually 10−14 days. The instructions for the use of nicotinic acid injections also provide for an administration regimen with a sequential increase in the dose from 1 to 5 ml per day, and then a reduction to 1 ml.
When treating the acute phase of ischemic stroke, 10 mg of solution is administered intravenously.
For the treatment of other diseases, this dosage is prescribed twice a day. The maximum daily dose for an adult is 300 mg of the drug, and a single dose is 100 mg.
Drug for the treatment of Hartnup disease appointed at a dosage of 40−200 mg per day.
Side effects and symptoms of overdose
If the dosage of the drug and the treatment regimen are calculated incorrectly, the following undesirable side effects may develop:
- Severe hyperemia of the skin of the face and upper half of the body. This is possible in patients with hypersensitivity to the drug or when taking the drug on an empty stomach.
- Feeling hot and dizzy.
- Hives and itching of the skin.
- Paresthesia (loss of sensation in the limbs, numbness).
- With rapid introduction into the venous bed, a sharp decrease in blood pressure is possible.
- Gout.
- Acanthosis.
- Increased blood glucose levels.
- Increased frequency of arrhythmia attacks.
- Swelling of the retina with blurred vision.
Contraindications for use
- Severe forms of arterial hypertension (for intravenous administration).
- Severe form of vascular atherosclerosis (for intravenous administration).
- Hypersensitivity and individual intolerance.
- Pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
- Children under 2 years of age.
It should be borne in mind that long-term use of this drug can provoke fatty liver degeneration. To avoid this, you can combine treatment with eating foods rich in methionine. You can consult with your doctor and take medications containing methionine or having a lipotropic effect as prescribed.
Nicotinic acid preparations
Vitamin PP is included in such medicines as Vicein, Cantinol nicotinate, Nikoverin, Nikoshpan, Lipostabil, Spazmokor.
In these medicines, niacin can be in the form of pure nicotinic acid or in the form of nicotinamide.
Nicotinamide is an integral part of the drugs Niacinamide, Nikonacid, Nicotinamide Vial or Bufus in tablets or ampoules, Apelagrin, Niacin.
These medicines are sold in pharmacies with a doctor's prescription.
Instructions
For the treatment of various diseases, courses of nicotinic acid of varying duration and doses are recommended. So, when treating pellagra (a metabolic disease that occurs due to a lack of vitamin PP), the maximum course of this drug is prescribed. For pellagra, 2-4 ml of nicotinic acid diluted in 200 ml of isotonic solution are administered intravenously. Those. In a 200 ml bottle with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, administer 2 to 4 ml of nicotine as prescribed by the doctor and connect the patient to a dropper with an induced solution. In severe cases of the disease, a drip with nicotinic acid is given twice a day - morning and evening. The course of treatment as prescribed by the doctor is 10-20 days.
For liver diseases and pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract (peptic ulcer, gastritis of various etiologies), nicotinic acid is prescribed 0.5-1 ml subcutaneously or intramuscularly. For intramuscular administration of this drug to adults, it is necessary to use a needle, which comes in a set with a 5 ml syringe. And the needle that comes with a 2 ml syringe is more suitable for intradermal administration of the solution. The course of treatment as recommended by doctors is 7-10 days. For the listed diseases, it is advisable to repeat the therapeutic course of nicotinic acid 2 times a year, until the period of seasonal exacerbations, i.e. in September and March.
To improve metabolic processes in the body in mild forms of diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hyperlipedemia, as well as to reduce spasms of peripheral vessels in obliterating endarteritis, migraine, Raynaud's disease, etc., a solution of nicotinic acid is recommended intramuscularly according to a certain scheme. They start with small doses of the drug - 1 ml, then bring it to the maximum single dose of administration - 5 ml, then reduce the dose. Thus, on the first day of therapy you need to administer 1 ml of vitamin B3, on the second - 2 ml, on the third - 3 ml, on the fourth - 4 ml, on the fifth day you introduce the maximum dose - 5 ml, and from the sixth day you begin to reduce the dose , i.e. on the sixth day - 4 ml, on the seventh - 3 ml, on the eighth - 2 ml, on the last ninth day of the treatment course you administer 1 ml of nicotinic acid.
Be sure to keep in mind that nicotinic acid is a vitamin, so it is better to inject it with its solution after a meal, because the acid binds with other nutrients and turns into the compound nicotinamide, which is very valuable for the body, because participates in lipid metabolism and normalizes cholesterol levels in the blood. Like many vitamins, nicotine causes pain when administered parenterally. If you know the technique of intramuscular injections and will inject vitamin PP yourself, then try to inject the drug very slowly to reduce the painful feeling from the injection of the drug.