Acute herpetic infection in children treatment. Symptoms of herpes in children

The disease is mistakenly mistaken by some parents for a skin rash. Herpes infection in children is a common phenomenon; the herpes virus can enter the child’s body in the womb, during childbirth or immediately after birth; the pathology requires mandatory treatment when the first symptoms appear. Herpes affects not only the skin, but also other body tissues and internal organs. According to statistics, 80% of the entire population of the planet has HSV.

What is a herpetic infection

Herpes in a child is a whole group of diseases that are transmitted from one person to another. The simple form of the virus affects the skin, central nervous system, mucous membranes of the body, internal organs, and eyes. There are several types of pathogen, the most common is type I, which is also called simple. It causes the following pathologies: malaria on the lips, herpetic stomatitis.

Pathogen

Herpes infection in children develops when pathological microorganisms penetrate the human blood. In cells infected with the pathogen, intranuclear inclusions are formed, which trigger the process of formation of giant multinucleated cells. The infection is thermolabile, inactivated when reaching 50-52 degrees Celsius, cells are quickly destroyed under ultraviolet irradiation or X-rays. Organic solvents, ether, ethyl alcohol have a harmful effect; herpes is not susceptible to low temperatures and drying.

There are two serotypes of the pathogen based on their nucleic and antigenic composition:

1. 1st provokes the development of damage to the mucous membranes of the mouth, facial skin, central nervous system, and eyes.
2. The 2nd affects the membranes of the genital organs. There is a possibility of infection with both serotypes.

Classification

Herpesvirus infection in children is caused by different types of pathogens. This affects the course of the pathology, symptoms and prognosis. The following types of pathology are distinguished:

1. Virus of the first type. This is the most common type of pathogen, provokes the appearance of symptoms on the lips, the development of herpetic stomatitis, felon (on the fingers), viral encephalitis, sycosis, herpetic eczema, esophagitis, keratoconjunctivitis, herpetic sore throat.
2. Virus of the second type. More often it causes a genital type of disease. In children, it is usually diagnosed as neonatal herpes or disseminated infection. The first two types are also called herpes simplex.
3. The third type of pathogen becomes the cause of chickenpox, known to all parents. If it recurs, it can cause herpes zoster. It is most often diagnosed in adults, but it can also appear in children.
4. The fourth type of infection is called Epstein-Barr virus. It becomes the cause of a little-known pathology – infectious mononucleosis. Often it is mistaken for a cold and the correct diagnosis is not made; this type of pathogen sometimes becomes the cause of some oncological diseases.
5. Cytomegalovirus or type 5 herpes. According to some experts, every person in the world is infected with this infection, but not everyone knows about it, because the virus is in a persistent form and does not manifest itself in any way.
6. Roseolovirus or type 6. It provokes sudden exanthema, also known as roseola infantile.
7. Type 7 is identical to the previous version; in adults it causes chronic fatigue.
8. The latter type has been poorly studied; there is a theory that it provokes the development of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Methods of infection

The disease has a high degree of contagiousness. Herpes in a child’s blood can be detected due to infection through airborne droplets or contact infection. When there are blisters (papules) on the skin, the disease is most contagious. The fluid inside these papules contains a large number of viral particles. Herpes gets to a child, as a rule, when the baby communicates with a carrier or through household objects. The disease does not appear immediately and remains in the body asymptomatically for a long time; generalization occurs when the immune system is weakened.

Symptoms of herpes in children

Pathology has an incubation period - the period of time between the penetration of pathological microorganisms into the body and the appearance of the first signs of the disease. The herpes virus in a child manifests itself acutely; children have obvious symptoms of intoxication, even in a localized form. These symptoms include:

• poor appetite;
• increase in body temperature;
• muscle pain, anxiety, headache;
• lethargy, weakness and other signs of a pronounced decrease in motor activity;
• burning, itching of the skin;
• the appearance of a herpetic rash.

Herpes simplex

The most common type of virus is transmitted by airborne droplets and by contact with a carrier. The herpes virus in children manifests itself with the following symptoms:

• herpetic rash on mucous membranes and skin: fingers, lips, nose, mouth;
• moodiness and weakness;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• chills;
• general malaise.

Chicken pox

Almost all children suffer from chickenpox and tolerate it much more easily than adults. May recur in older age in the form of herpes zoster. The pathology has the following symptoms:

• intoxication of the body;
• vesicles (bubbles) throughout the body;
• temperature increase.

Genital herpes

In most cases, it is transmitted from the mother to the child during childbirth. Infection occurs inside the womb or during passage through the birth canal. Viral herpes in children is also called neonatal. The clinical picture of the disease depends on the form of infection:

1. Localized is manifested by damage to the lips, skin of the mouth, eyes and mucous membranes.
2. A generalized infection has a full range of symptoms: cyanosis, lethargy, apnea, shortness of breath, regurgitation, fever.
3. The damaging form affects the nervous system and can provoke meningoencephalitis, hydrocephalus, and microcephaly. Characteristic signs: convulsions, trembling, cytosis, loss of appetite.

Epstein-Barr virus

This type of herpes provokes infectious mononucleosis and attacks the lymphoid system. There is a theory that it causes a number of cancers. A diagnosis can only be made through a blood test. The disease is dangerous because in newborns it is sometimes asymptomatic. The main signs of this type of herpesvirus pathology include:

• sore throat;
• enlarged lymph nodes, adenoids;
• temperature increase;
• enlarged spleen and liver.

Cytomegalovirus infection

After the infection penetrates, the child becomes a virus carrier, the disease will be in a latent state without obvious signs. When the immune defense is weakened, the herpes virus infection will be activated and the following symptoms will appear:

• headaches, muscle pain;
• chills;
• signs of intoxication;
• Damage to the central nervous system and internal organs (lungs, liver, glands) may be present.

Roseolovirus

This pathology received a second name - pseudorubella. This type of herpes virus infection provokes the following symptoms:

• rashes all over the body of small pink papules;
• temperature increase;
• symptoms similar to allergies, acute respiratory infections.

Diagnosis of herpetic infection

An experienced doctor will determine the presence of herpes by visual signs, but laboratory testing may also be needed to make a diagnosis. The diagnosis of this pathology is based on clinical signs. The doctor differentiates characteristic vesicular rashes against the background of intoxication of the body, enlargement of regional lymph nodes. The exact type of herpes can be determined using a blood test.

Herpetic rashes

This is a typical and obvious sign of herpes in the baby’s blood. A herpetic rash in children appears on the mucous cavities and skin in the form of vesicles with a clear liquid inside. This characteristic symptom develops gradually, after 3 days the contents of the bubbles become cloudy, the papules burst, and an ulcer or open wound forms. After some time, they dry out and become covered with a crust, which disappears after a few days and the rash goes away without a trace. The affected areas usually hurt, itch, and have a burning sensation.

Temperature with herpes in children

This symptom is not specific for herpesvirus pathology, which can complicate the diagnostic process. A rise in temperature and intoxication often precede a rash, this especially often occurs in children, so these signs can be mistaken for symptoms of acute respiratory infections. The intensity of the temperature increase depends on the location of the lesion; the values ​​can be either normal or rise to 40 degrees.

The highest numbers are observed when the mucous membranes of a child are affected. Initially, a rise in temperature is preceded by chills, overexcitability, and tearfulness. Then a sharp jump begins to 39-40 degrees. Only after this does a characteristic small rash and itching appear on the body. There may be slight temperature fluctuations throughout the day.

To make a final diagnosis and clarify the type of herpetic infection, laboratory tests are used. The attending physician prescribes tests using the following methods:

• complement fixation reaction;
• enzyme immunoassay in paired sera;
• polymerase chain reaction (PCR);
• indirect immunofluorescence.

The presence of a herpes infection will be confirmed by an increase in IgM titer over 4 times. A recurrent type of pathology will be confirmed by a fourfold increase in IgG titer. Detection and identification of infectious agents can be carried out using virological examination of fluid from vesicles, erosion scrapings, nasopharyngeal washouts, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, blood, ejaculate or brain biopsies (in case of death).

Treatment of herpes in children

Therapy for the pathology should be prescribed by the attending physician based on the examination and tests performed. The prognosis of treatment depends on the form of the disease, the following options are distinguished:

1. Congenital herpes has a poor prognosis. Severe developmental defects lead to the death of the child within a few months. There are frequent cases of intrauterine fetal death and spontaneous abortions.
2. If a newborn is infected during passage through the birth canal, the prognosis is positive, provided that timely antiviral treatment is provided.
3. The acquired nature of the disease very rarely causes dangerous complications. Acyclovir therapy provides long-term remission of the pathology.

Any suspicion of the development of herpetic pathology in a child should be a reason to go to the hospital. Self-medication can lead to serious complications and even death. The treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor implies the exact implementation of all recommendations from beginning to end. There is no alternative to antiviral drugs, so they must be taken.

How to treat herpes in children

Therapy is carried out using a complex method, using antiviral drugs, immunomodulating medications and restorative procedures. If there is severe discomfort due to the rash, children are given Paracetamol. Medicines help speed up the healing process of ulcers, the development of relapses and complications of infection. Antiviral therapy is urgently needed in cases of generalized disease, weakened immunity, in the case of genital herpes, and severe brain damage.

The dosage and specific drug are selected in accordance with the child’s body weight, age and condition. The following directions are used for treatment:

• lotions with proteolytic enzymes to remove dead tissue;
• treatment of affected areas with antiseptic and painkillers;
• means for strengthening the immune system based on interferon;
• Acyclovir therapy;
• desensitizing therapy;
• antiherpetic vaccine to produce antibodies to avoid reactivation of the infection and the transition to chronic herpetic pathology;
• diet therapy.

How to treat herpes

The basis of therapy is antiviral treatment and strengthening the child’s immunity. A course of medications is prescribed for children even under 1 year of age to prevent the development of complications and sometimes death. The following groups of drugs are used:

1. Immunomodulatory agents. Overcoming the infection will only be possible with good immunity; Immunoflazid and Immunal are prescribed.
2. A group of interferons to fight infection.
3. Antipyretic drugs. Necessary for symptomatic treatment and increasing the child’s comfort.
4. Antihistamines. Necessary for the treatment of rashes, use Fenkarol, tavegil, Diazolin.

Video

Herpes is the most common chronic viral infection in the world. There are two types of this virus. Type I virus appears in the mouth or lips and is not usually transmitted through sexual contact. When initially infected, it usually causes fever, swollen lymph nodes, and mouth ulcers in young children. In older children and adults, similar ulcers appear around the lips. They are also caused by the herpes virus type I. In some children, herpes occurs due to extreme stress, fatigue or other illnesses, while in others it never appears. Adults and children with herpes type I should not kiss until the external manifestations of the disease completely disappear. An ointment for external use (for example, Acyclovir) helps eliminate them, but does not cure the infection.

Herpesvirus type II usually appears on and around the genitals and is almost always transmitted through sexual contact. First, small blisters form, which then burst, leaving behind painful sores. It is genital herpes that receives close attention in many publications. The biggest danger for a child is that he can become infected with genital herpes from his mother during childbirth. In this case, immediate treatment is required to prevent the infection from entering the brain.

Washing your hands with soap kills the herpes virus. So if parents or other caregivers of a child with herpes wash their hands thoroughly with soap and water after touching affected parts of the body, they will not be able to infect the child.

Causes of herpes in children

It can appear on almost any part of the body. Most often, however, herpes appears in the corners of the lips, on the lips or in the mouth. Very often, the herpes simplex virus (it is the culprit of the disease) is transmitted through saliva.

The infection usually affects the entire oral cavity. Then the virus changes and goes into a state of “hibernation”, “awakening” from time to time. Bright sunlight, cold, heat, elevated body temperature, psychological stress - all these factors can stimulate the activity of the virus. When a blister appears on the affected area of ​​skin, the child may experience a burning sensation or a characteristic tingling sensation.

Modern highly effective antiviral drugs are used to combat the herpes virus. These drugs are successfully used to treat viral diseases in Children with weakened immune systems. However, one important circumstance should be taken into account: all of the drugs mentioned only soften the symptoms of the disease, but do not destroy the virus, which means that the possibility of relapse of the disease cannot be excluded. As a rule, the child does not need to undergo antiviral therapy. In most cases, you can limit yourself to symptomatic treatment (doctors usually recommend lubricating herpes with lip balm). Herpes usually disappears completely within 7-14 days. Warn your child not to try to pick out the formed blister from the skin - this can lead to the development of an inflammatory process. A child infected with the herpes virus can attend school without having to miss classes.

Herpes is an acute viral disease of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the herpes virus. There are two known forms of herpes: simple and herpes zoster. They not only differ in their clinical manifestations, but are also caused by different types of herpes viruses. This chapter will focus primarily on herpes simplex, the culprit of the “fever” or “cold” on the lips that so often occurs in children.

What you need to know about the herpes virus

• Infection with the herpes virus occurs through direct contact with a sick person or virus carrier, as well as through airborne droplets (through the air with tiny droplets of the patient’s saliva when talking, coughing, sneezing).
• Until about 3 years of age, children are protected from the virus; they receive their mother’s immunity, which is transmitted in utero. But newborn children also get sick if the mother suffers from the genital form of herpes (herpes on the genitals).
• Most often, the virus enters the body undetected, without causing any symptoms, and settles in the nervous system (nerve ganglia). There he sits for the time being, without declaring himself in any way. “Fever” on the lip occurs at a time when the body is weakened (colds, stress, hypothermia, hypovitaminosis, etc.). Appearing on the skin and mucous membranes, the virus actively multiplies and infects others with its copies. After clinical recovery, when the skin and mucous membranes are cleared, the virus will again “go underground” and hide in the nerve ganglia. A new exacerbation will arise under the influence of some unfavorable factor. This course - periods of exacerbation alternating with temporary lulls - is called recurrent, and exacerbations of herpes are called relapses.
• If a person was infected with the virus once, then herpes will remain in his nervous system, and may, without affecting his health and well-being, never manifest itself.
• Herpes “sleeping” in the nerve ganglia is not contagious. Only actively reproducing viruses pose a danger, when manifestations of the disease are visible on the skin or mucous membranes.
• Everyone knows that herpes occurs on the lips or around the mouth, but not everyone knows that it can appear in other places: on the cheeks and nose, on the buttocks and thighs, in the genital area and on the fingers. Herpetic eye infections are severe.
• Usually herpes appears in the same place all the time. However, it also happens that its location changes with each new exacerbation.

Symptoms and signs of herpes simplex in children

Probably everyone has seen herpes on the lip. It is not difficult to distinguish it. A person who often gets herpes is well acquainted with the unpleasant sensation that precedes its appearance. This may be itching, burning, tingling, slight soreness in the place where the “fever” is about to rise. After a few hours, redness will appear there, and then a group of small bubbles will appear. The contents of the bubbles are initially transparent, but after 2-3 days they become cloudy. Herpetic blisters last from several hours to several days. On the lips they disappear quickly, in 1-2 days, and on the skin they can last a week. As a result, the inflammation ends with the appearance of a crust. The crust disappears over time and a pinkish or brownish spot remains in its place for some time.

During an exacerbation of herpes, the child’s general condition, as a rule, does not suffer. Sometimes the temperature may rise moderately, stool disorders may occur, and nearby lymph nodes may become enlarged.

Herpetic eye lesions are fraught with big troubles. Therefore, you need to make sure that the child does not spread the infection from his face into his eyes with his hands.

Aphthous stomatitis.

Herpes of newborns. The course of herpes in newborns is extremely severe, often fatal.

Infection of a child occurs in two ways:

• during childbirth, if the herpes virus is active in the mother’s birth canal;
• or during pregnancy through the umbilical cord.

The disease usually develops on the 4-7th day after birth and occurs with high fever, profuse rashes on the skin and mucous membranes of the mouth, intestines, and eyes. Herpes in newborns can affect the liver, adrenal glands, bronchi and central nervous system. Therefore, it is extremely important for a woman, before she decides to become pregnant and give birth to a child, to be tested for herpes and treated for it.

Treatment of herpes in children

Treatment in the acute phase

• At the beginning, while herpetic blisters have not yet appeared, lotions with 70% ethyl or camphor alcohol are used. Temperature effects can be used. In some cases, these remedies make it possible to interrupt the further development of the rash.
• For rashes in the mouth, it is recommended to rinse with solutions of furatsilin, rivaiol, tincture of calendula or rotokan (1 tsp per 1 glass of water). Attention! The use of corticosteroid ointments (flucinar, celestoderm, hydrocortisone, elocom, advantan, etc.) is contraindicated. They only increase the time of rashes, and in some cases lead to the formation of ulcers at the site of opened blisters or contribute to suppuration.
• Antiherpetic drugs can reduce the duration of rashes by approximately 2 times. Available in the form of ointments and tablets. You can apply antiherpetic ointment to the affected area from the first signs of herpes. The earlier treatment is started, the more effective it is. The doctor prescribes medications internally.

Oksolin, ointment 1%. Apply to skin lesions 3-4 times a day.

Interferon, ointment 30%. Lubricate the affected area 3-5 times a day.

Viferon, ointment. Lubricate the affected area 3-5 times a day.

Acyclovir (Virolex, Zovirax, Ciclovir), ointments and creams. Apply to the affected area 5 times a day.

Tebrofen 2 or 5%. Lubricate the affected areas 3-*4 times a day for 3-7 days.

Bonafton, ointment 0.05, 0.25 and 0.5%. Apply a thin layer to the affected areas 3-4 times a day. For the skin use 0.5% ointment, for mucous membranes - 0.05 and 0.25% ointment.

Alpizarin, ointment 2 and 5%. Lubricate the affected areas 2-3 times a day for 10-30 days. For the skin use 5% ointment, for mucous membranes - 2% ointment.

Florenal, ointment 0.5 and 1%. Lubricate the affected areas 3 times a day. For the skin use 1% ointment, for mucous membranes - 0.5% ointment.

Viru-Merz serol. Apply to the affected area 3-5 times a day, lightly rubbing.

Riodoxol, ointment 0.25%; 0.5% and 1%. Apply a thin layer to the affected areas 1-3 times a day for 1-4 weeks.

Gossypol, liniment 3%. Apply a thin layer to the affected areas 4-6 times a day. The course of treatment is 5-7 days.

• To increase the body's resistance, large doses of ascorbic acid and drugs that enhance immunity are indicated (for details, see “Frequently ill children”). Prescribed by a doctor.
• Physiotherapy: UHF, ultraviolet irradiation, phonophoresis of interferon ointment. Prescribed by a physiotherapist.
• Additional methods:

Treat blistering rashes with undiluted tea tree oil 2-3 times a day.

Dietary supplement "Citrosept". Contains natural vitamin C and bioflavonoids in concentrated form. External and internal use.

Dietary supplement "Lakrinat". Contains licorice root powder. Antiviral, anti-herpetic agent.

To prevent relapses

Important in treatment is the prevention of relapses (periodic exacerbations of herpes).

The following methods are used to prevent relapses:

Boosting immunity. Various drugs are used for this.

Preparations: decaris, methyluracil, pentoxyl, vitamin A, lysozyme, glycyram, zinc preparations, etc. You can read in detail about increasing immunity in the chapter “Frequently ill children.” The dose and course of treatment are prescribed by the doctor.

Antiviral drugs (acyclovir, etc.) orally. Prescribed by a doctor.

Graft. A vaccine against herpes has been developed. True, it appeared relatively recently and the experience of its use is still small. There is evidence that the use of inactivated herpes vaccine can achieve good results. Relapses of the disease occur less frequently, and in some cases stop. During the period of exacerbation of herpes, the severity of symptoms decreases and the duration of the process is reduced.

The vaccine is used in cycles of 5 injections every 4 days. The course of treatment consists of 6-8 cycles. The main contraindications to treatment with the herpetic vaccine are liver and kidney diseases, malignant neoplasms, pregnancy, and intolerance to tetracycline antibiotics.

Gamma globulin. The doctor may give your child gamma globulin injections in short courses. Gamma globulin is a protein that is obtained from human or animal blood and contains antibacterial and antiviral antibodies (including to the herpes virus). It is used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

Interferon and its inducers. Interferon is a protective protein of the body that kills viruses. Interferon inducers are substances that promote its production.

The advantage of these drugs is that they have an antiviral effect.

To prevent relapses of herpes, the following drugs from this group are used:

• Human leukocyte interferon. For herpes it is used in the form of lotions, ointments, and can also be administered by inhalation, injection and iontophoresis. Improvement in the condition of patients, as a rule, occurs from the first doses of the drug, and recovery time is shortened by 3-4 times.
• Viferon, leukinferon, reaferon, feron, etc.
• Interferon inducers: poludanum, prodigiosan, pyrogenal, megosin. These drugs are recommended for all forms of herpetic lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. The prescription and choice of the drug, as well as the dose and course, are the doctor’s priority.
• Prevention of recurrence of herpes
• Avoid hypothermia, mental and physical stress.
• Foods rich in proteins and vitamins
• Physical education and hardening.

According to WHO, herpesvirus infection is an opportunistic infection, that is, an infection that affects people with a reduced immune status. Children are at risk for morbidity due to the peculiarities of the development of the immune system. Herpes infection in children is caused by different types of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Some subspecies lead to skin lesions on the face or oral mucosa, others are tropic to the genitals. When the process generalizes, the infection can spread throughout the body and affect internal organs.

General characteristics of the pathogen

There are several types of herpes viruses that cause diseases in humans. In children there are:

• Herpes simplex virus type 1 most often affects the lips, oral mucosa and nasolabial triangle.
• Herpes simplex virus type 2 - spreads to the genital area.

All types of HSV are similar in epidemiology, mechanism of development, clinical manifestations, and characteristics of the course of the disease.

Infections caused by the herpes virus

Important aspects:

Pathogenesis

The mechanisms of disease development are closely related to the localization of the virus:

• In mild cases, there are local symptoms on the skin and mucous membranes.
• In severe cases, damage to the nerve trunks occurs.

If the mother is sick with genital herpes at the time of birth, the child will be infected during the passage of the birth canal.

After childbirth, infection is possible through contact with a sick mother, with infected medical personnel, or through care items that contain biological secretions from the patient.

Only a person with clinical manifestations of the disease (fever, rash) can become infected.. The herpes virus, which is in an inactive state, is not dangerous to others.

Herpes simplex

Common symptoms of herpes infection in children:

Characteristic symptoms:

• Vesiculopapular rash. Staged inflammation and polymorphism of elements (vesicles, ulcers, crusts) are noted.
• Hypertrophy of the lymph nodes.
• Damage to the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, eyes, and genitals.
• Symptoms from the nervous system: myelitis, encephalitis.

Herpes virus type 1 provokes local inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes. In children, in the absence of protective antibodies in the blood, the disease can occur from the neonatal period.

During primary infection with herpes virus type 1, inflammation most often occurs on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity: the gums become swollen and sore. The child cries, refuses to eat, and constantly tries to get into his mouth with his fingers. Body temperature rises, lymph nodes enlarge. After a few hours, multiple small blisters appear on the oral mucosa - herpetic stomatitis.

With saliva containing active viruses, the skin around the lips, chin, and the area of ​​the nasolabial triangle is gradually involved in inflammation. When a herpetic infection gets into the mucous membrane of the eye, conjunctivitis or keratitis develops.

The patient is contagious for three weeks, with viable virus being released into the environment.

The first signs of stomatitis:

Herpetic stomatitis is quite common in children. The reason is the imperfection of the baby’s immune system, a decrease in the level of transplacental antibodies received from the mother.

Genital herpes

The causative agent is herpes virus type 2. Newborns become infected from an infected mother as they pass through the birth canal. The disease may not appear immediately, but after some time. Rarely, but possible, infection through child care items.

There are two forms of the disease: localized and generalized.

Localized

The skin of the face, mucous membranes of the mouth and conjunctiva of the eyes are involved in the pathological process. On a hyperemic background, single bubbles appear. Swelling is characteristic and pain is pronounced. Damage to the mucous membrane of the eyeball is dangerous: ulcerative keratitis is formed, leading to atrophy of the optic nerve.

Generalized

Occurs 7 days after birth. The picture of sepsis comes to the fore: respiratory failure, systemic cyanosis, regurgitation, vomiting, lethargy. The skin is icteric, and characteristic rashes appear on the skin and mucous membranes. In case of seizures and coma, the prognosis is unfavorable. Mortality reaches 80%.

Brain disease of herpes etiology appears 3–4 weeks after birth. The onset is sudden with a rapid increase in symptoms: fever, vomiting, alternating lethargy with agitation, tremors of the limbs, convulsions, coma. Mortality up to 50% in the first 5–6 days. If you survive, there are severe neurological complications - epileptic syndrome, delayed psychomotor development, hearing and vision impairment.

The disease with genital herpes is severe in a child. The first symptoms are the appearance of specific herpetic vesicles in the genital area and on the inner thighs, which go through all stages of development. Tense blisters burst, exposing erosive surfaces, which are soon covered with a rough scab.

Characteristic symptoms:

• The child has a fever.
• When urinating, the baby cries due to pain.
• Pain in the lower abdomen.
• Enlarged inguinal lymph nodes.
• Sleep disorder, appetite disorder.

Complications

If treatment is untimely or inadequate, the viral infection generalizes beyond the primary focus. Any organ can be affected - the esophagus, stomach, liver, trachea, lungs, central nervous system.

Principles of therapy

Treatment of herpetic infection in children, especially complicated and generalized forms, is carried out in a hospital. First of all, etiological treatment aimed at eliminating the pathogen is indicated. Antiviral drugs are used for this:

• Acyclovir;
• Famvir;
• Valtrex;
• Ganciclovir;
• Vectavir;
• Epervudine.

For topical use, ointments, gels, and drops with an antiviral effect are used:

• 0.25% Oxolinic ointment;
• 0.5% Bonafton ointment;
• 0.5-1% Riodoxolone ointment.

For generalized forms of herpes infection in newborns, immunoglobulins containing antiviral antibodies are used.

Interferon preparations

Normally, this protective protein is produced in the body itself when a foreign agent (bacterium, virus) enters it. In case of insufficient synthesis of endogenous protein, it is replaced in the form of drugs:

• Reaferon-EC;
• Leukocyte interferon for injection;
• Leukinferon;
• Viferon - candles;
• Viferon - ointment;
• Lokferon - eye drops;

Interferon inducers:

• Amiksin;
• Neovir;
• Cycloferon for injection;
• 0.15% Ridostin ointment;
• Poludan.

Selective immunomodulators with effects on macrophages:

• Lycopid;
• Galavit;
• Tamerite.

Selective immunomodulators with an effect on T-lymphocytes:

• Imunofan;
• Roncoleukin;
• Isoprinosine.

Mixed-action immunomodulators:

• Imudon;
• Ferrovir.

The goal of antiherpes treatment is to reduce symptoms and prevent relapses.

Immunomodulators are more effective when they are used in complex therapy together with antiviral agents. Children who have suffered severe forms of herpes infection require long-term rehabilitation, since under the influence of the virus a secondary immunodeficiency state occurs, which requires long-term treatment.

For local forms, local treatment of the affected areas of inflammation is used:

• Cleansing wounds with antiseptics: Chlorhexidine.
• For ulcers that do not heal for a long time, ointments with a proteolytic effect are applied: Deoxyribonuclease, Lysozyme.
• Antihistamines: Suprastin, Pipolfen.
• Applications with oil solutions of vitamin A and sea buckthorn oil.

Herpetic infection in children, especially during the neonatal period, is severe. Complications that lead to disability of the child are common. To prevent the sad consequences of this disease, you should avoid contact with sick people, stimulate the immune system in order to contain the herpes infection in a latent state.

Viral infections pose a serious danger to children; this applies to the herpes virus, which can affect the nervous system, internal organs and cause other equally serious complications.

In the first months of life, the baby receives protection of antibodies and immunity to the virus from the mother when breastfed. Further, the protective function becomes weaker. Very often, a child is diagnosed with herpes at the age of 2 years.

Children aged 3 to 4 years are most susceptible. It is at this age that most people become infected. At the age of 5, a child’s body is able to produce antibodies on its own to resist the virus.

How is the disease transmitted?

Those children who become infected in the first 3 years of life are susceptible to herpes infection. The infection is spread and transmitted by patients and virus carriers. The virus is transmitted:

• contact;
• airborne;
• sexually.

Teenagers often become infected during kissing, through saliva. Infection is also possible through common objects, toys, and other objects that have saliva on them from someone with herpes. The main carriers of infection include parents or contact with a sick child. The child is also infected in the womb, during birth through the birth canal.

The virus occurs intermittently, especially in the winter season. Minor epidemics of infections in preschool institutions are quite common.

If the child’s immunity is normal, then a local form of herpes develops. When disturbances occur in the immune system, the virus is able to enter all organs and gradually kill them.

The accumulation of infection occurs in leukocytes, erythrocytes and other cells, settling in them for life, causing exacerbations from time to time. He wakes up due to hypothermia, overwork of the body and other reasons.

Causes

Viral infection type 1 in children can manifest itself in any part of the body and is easily transmitted. Herpes occurs in the mouth, lips, and corners of the mouth. The infection is often transmitted through saliva. Infection with the virus mainly affects children aged 1 to 2 years and older, when the mother’s antibodies in the child’s blood cease to perform their function.

In children, herpes often affects the entire oral cavity. Next, its modification occurs, it falls asleep for a certain period of time, until its subsequent awakening, which can occur in a month or in a couple of years.

The cause of damage to the genitals in a child is the transmission of infection during childbirth, through the placenta during development in the womb. A newborn can become infected from medical personnel and family members.

Concomitant factors contributing to the occurrence and exacerbation of herpes depend on:

• hypothermia;
• poor sanitary and hygienic conditions;
• large crowds of people;
• during pregnancy;
• weakened immune system;
• stressful situations;
• colds;
• the child’s nutrition is irrational, lack of vitamins and nutrients in the diet;
• at the time of birth;
• passage of the fetus through an infected birth canal.

Signs of illness

Symptoms in children against the general background of the disease:

• muscle pain;
• nervousness;
• brokenness;
• tearfulness;
• presence of fever.

At the site of the planned manifestation of herpes, the baby feels:

• pain;
• tingling of the skin;
• burning.

Infection in children occurs in the form of blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. Rashes form on the nose, mouth, lips and are accompanied by itching. When scratching, the blisters burst and the child transfers the virus to the mouth or eyes.

The wounds become crusty, after a while they dry out and fall off. During the period of infection, at the initial stage, the virus predominates in the blood, the body temperature rises to 39 degrees, and the whole body becomes weak.

The virus on the skin can be found in children aged 7 to 15 years. This is facilitated by the presence of drafts in the room, stressful situations in the garden, school, and communication with children.

The infection on the skin is represented by the presence of blisters filled with liquid, which becomes cloudy over time. Burst of blisters is often caused by a child, as he bites his lip or scratches the affected area. Symptoms of itching, burning, pain occur, and a crust forms. The duration of the disease lasts 2 weeks, no increase in temperature is observed.

With herpetic eye damage, the following symptoms may occur:

• lacrimation;
• severe eye pain;
• photophobia;
• difficulty opening your eyes;
• possible sticking of the eyelids.

The infection can affect the clear part of the eye in front of the pupil that allows a person to see. Due to this, clouding of the cornea occurs and vision decreases.

This disease is characterized by a cyclical manifestation. Relapse may occur after a couple of weeks or years. If treatment is not prescribed in a timely manner, the infection can spread to the internal, genital organs, stomach, urinary system, lungs, liver, nervous system, brain, and possible loss of hearing and vision.

The virus is quite rare on the genitals. The disease is characterized by rashes on the labia, thighs, scrotum and foreskin, and in the perineum. Signs of fever, chills, severe pain and itching appear. The temperature drops on the 3rd day, and by the 10th day the rash dries out. In childhood, this form is rarely repeated.

Intrauterine infection of the fetus with type 2 virus is very dangerous. A severe form of the course occurs in babies in the prenatal period. The first signs in a newborn infected in the first weeks of pregnancy can be seen 2-3 days after birth - these are rashes on the body, a feverish state.

Possible development of heart, pancreas, and liver defects. Further, jaundice appears, white stool, dark urine, genitals in ulcers and rashes. Not treated will lead to convulsions, refusal to eat, and diathesis. Pneumonia then develops and can be fatal.

Prevalence of the disease in the circulatory system

The virus in the blood is the most common today. The disease can cause a significant number of pathologies and affects the nervous system. Treatment is prescribed depending on the group of infection. The disease affects both middle-aged people and children.

The occurrence of herpes in the blood in childhood occurs for the following reasons:

• reduced level of personal hygiene;
• living in unfavorable living conditions;
• overpopulation.

To identify viral herpes in a baby, a smear is taken from the affected areas of the skin and mucous membranes; a blood test is also necessary to detect antibodies to herpes.

The main points of curing the disease in childhood

Based on the stage of the disease, treatment is carried out in a hospital or at home. First, the doctor determines the cause of the infection, and then prescribes a comprehensive treatment. The child is prescribed:

• taking antiviral drugs that boost the immune system;
• painkillers and anti-allergenic drugs;
• vitamins and minerals.

Treatment of acute forms of the disease includes physiotherapeutic procedures. To speed up the healing process, you will need to make decoctions and tinctures using medicinal herbs, natural oils, special creams and ointments.

Whatever the form of the disease, only specialists should prescribe a treatment regimen. It is prohibited to independently treat your child of any age category. Prohibited drugs without a prescription include brilliant green, iodine, zinc paste, Castellani paint.

During the course of treatment, the child must create all the conditions for his speedy recovery:

• isolate from society;
• adhere to the regime in strict order;
• treat dishes, toys, personal hygiene items, premises;
• eat rationally and drink plenty of fluids;
• take prescribed medications regularly;
• consume dairy products, vegetables, fruits;
• Ventilate the patient's room.

Stomatitis disease

A throat infection in children is a very rare type of viral stomatitis. In the throat, the causative agent of herpes is type 1 and 2 infections. The disease widely affects the child’s oral cavity.

Stomatitis refers to a primary exacerbation if the virus enters through the child’s mouth. This infection often occurs in infants and young children 2-3 years of age who put everything in their mouth.

Stomatitis is a common disease. Many children of any age suffer from stomatitis. The infection spreads, appearing not only as a rash on the palate and tongue, but also affects the entire oral cavity, settling on the throat and tonsils.

Herpes in the throat is rare and affects less than 1% of children. It is the virus in the throat that indicates a severe course of the disease. The disease should be taken seriously and treatment should be started promptly.

Signs

A virus in the throat occurs along with extensive damage to the mouth due to stomatitis. Lesions in the throat are characterized by moderate and severe forms of stomatitis. Before the first rash, the child develops the following symptoms:

• body temperature increases to 40 degrees;
• the child does not want to eat;
• sleeps poorly;
• swelling of the oral mucosa occurs;
• tonsils become inflamed;
• lymph nodes under the jaw become larger;
• There is nausea and headache.

Based on these symptoms of stomatitis, they are often confused with a viral cold or intoxication of the body.

Over time, white spots, blisters, small abscesses appear in large numbers in the mouth and throat, and a feeling of pain. This is herpes stomatitis on the throat.

The course of the disease is generally severe, so you should not self-medicate, but rather consult a doctor. Because without the required treatment, the disease can become chronic and recur frequently up to 8 times a year.

How to cure a disease

At the first stage, symptomatic treatment is used. The child needs peace, isolation from people, the room should be warm and well ventilated. Before the first manifestations of a sore throat and until the end of therapy, you should drink warm liquid, herbal teas with the addition of lemon, which relieve the inflammatory process.

You should not eat fried, fatty, or spicy foods. You can have boiled dishes, cereals, salads, citrus fruits.

You should not warm your throat with mustard plasters, vodka, or a heating pad, as warming promotes the growth of the inflammatory process and will lead to an accelerated spread of herpes and a complication of stomatitis.

In extremely rare situations, children over 5 years of age are prescribed immunomodulators based on interferon. After 14 days, recovery occurs, after a week the temperature subsides.

Increasingly, doctors are registering various forms of herpetic infections in children. These diseases have a chronic course, which requires mandatory monitoring by parents and doctors. Not everyone knows what the symptoms and treatment of herpes in children are.

Types of virus

Currently, scientists have discovered 8 types of viral herpes species. These harmful microorganisms very easily cause herpes infection in young children. The structure of only three of the eight subtypes has been well studied. They are the most thoroughly described and studied. These infectious agents most often cause colds on the lips and in the intimate area in children.

Literally translated, herpetic lesion means “creeping disease.” Doctors gave this name to the disease several centuries ago. The peculiarity of this virus is that the favorite places for its occurrence are various mucous membranes. Microbes have a toxic effect on epithelial cells, which leads to the appearance of various adverse symptoms.

In pediatric practice, the most common are 8 subtypes of viruses that cause various damage to the baby:

• Type 1. More often they contribute to the development of various rashes on the mucous membranes of the lips in the child.
• Type 2. Causes a rash on the mucous membranes of the genital organs.
• Type 3. It belongs to a subspecies of the virus that can cause chickenpox or shingles in a baby.
• Type 4. Doctors call it the Epstein-Barr herpes virus. These microorganisms can cause manifestations of infectious mononucleosis in a baby.
• Type 5. It is responsible for the development of cytomegalovirus infection.
• Type 6. A fairly new subspecies of the virus. Scientists are conducting a large number of different studies to study in detail the infectious and virulent properties of this microorganism. This type of herpes can cause manifestations of multiple sclerosis or the development of sudden exanthema.
• Type 7. Not described in detail. Currently, researchers are studying the properties of this microorganism. There is scientific evidence that this particular subtype is responsible for the development of sudden skin rashes in a baby and leads to the development of chronic fatigue.
• Type 8. A rather unfavorable subtype of the virus. May contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms on the skin. There are scientific studies suggesting that this particular virus contributes to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Incubation period

Most viral diseases are highly contagious (infectious). Herpes is no exception. A sick person who has a high concentration of viruses in the blood is contagious. Based on statistics, it can be noted that the largest number of cases of the disease are caused by a subtype of herpes simplex. It contributes to the development of adverse symptoms of herpes infection in 90% of children.

For a long time, a child may not even suspect that he is already infected with herpes. In this case, the infection occurs in a latent form. With this variant of the disease there are no symptoms. The latent form occurs in approximately 5% of children.

Typically, infection with the herpes virus occurs through initial contact with an infected person. The incubation period for different subtypes of the virus may vary. The first symptoms of the disease can appear either a couple of days after the pathogen enters the child’s body or several months later.

The duration of the incubation period depends on many factors and initial data. The level of the immune system plays an important role in this. If the baby’s immunity is strong, then the symptoms of the disease may be mild (or absent altogether) for a long period of time. They usually appear only when the immune system is not functioning well.

The incubation period for herpes type 1 usually ranges from a few days to a couple of weeks. In this case, the first rashes appear on the mucous membranes of the lips and in the mouth. Genital herpes, which causes a rash in the intimate area, usually causes uncomfortable symptoms after 6-7 days. Zoster variants of the disease have a longer incubation period. In some cases it can be several months (or even years).

Main symptoms

Different subtypes of viruses can settle on different mucous membranes. This results in a wide variety of localizations. Each type of herpes has its own clinical characteristics. This is due to the properties of the viral particles themselves. The infection manifests itself in children in different ways.

Herpes can cause the following clinical manifestations in a child:

• Increased body temperature. Usually it increases to febrile levels. The peak of elevated temperature occurs in the first 3-4 days from the beginning of the acute period of the disease. The temperature usually drops quickly. For normalization, the prescription of anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs is required.
• The appearance of a rash. It is represented by a collection of numerous formations, inside of which there is liquid. These rashes look like bubbles filled with contents. The location of the rash is determined by the type of virus that caused the disease.
• Enlarged lymph nodes. Regional lymph collectors are usually affected. If the virus causes a rash on the upper half of the body, then the cervical, parotid, submandibular and subclavian lymph nodes will be involved in the process. They increase in size and become tightly fused to the skin. When palpating them, the child may experience pain.

• Severe symptoms of intoxication. The abundance of viral toxins has a toxic effect on the entire body. The child feels “broken” and becomes very lethargic. Children's appetite and sleep are disturbed. Infants often refuse breastfeeding.
• Behavior change. Kids become more capricious. Children in the first years of life do not make contact well. More severe forms of the disease lead to increased drowsiness. Unbearable itching of skin rashes contributes to increased anxiety and nervousness in the baby.
• Soreness in the areas of herpetic blisters. Herpes rashes are usually very itchy. With the shingles variant, the pain spreads along the damaged nerve. After the rash disappears, the pain goes away.

In the mouth

Most often, this variant is caused by the herpes virus type 1. The child experiences all the symptoms described above. Herpetic rash has several features. With the herpes simplex virus, it can occur on the tonsils, cheek, and tongue. The rash is represented by various diverse blisters, inside of which there is liquid.

The liquid component usually has a grayish or reddish color. Herpetic blisters protrude a couple of millimeters above the surface of the skin. In severe cases, they can be numerous and quite large in size. Such rashes on the tonsils present a certain difficulty. They can easily break through and become injured during meals.

This type of herpes is also characterized by enlargement of the parotid and cervical lymph nodes. In some cases, they even become visible to the naked eye. The baby's body temperature rises to 38-38.5 degrees. The abundance of rashes leads to severe pain when swallowing. This contributes to poor appetite.

Rash on lips

They most often occur when infected with a simple virus. Typically, the development of this herpetic rash is promoted by subtype 1. The disease is characterized by the appearance of numerous blisters filled from the inside with serous-bloody fluid. These formations are easily injured. Even minor trauma can cause capillary bleeding.

The danger also lies in the fact that when such bubbles are damaged, open wounds appear. A secondary bacterial infection can easily penetrate into them. This leads to the development of viral-bacterial conditions. You can notice such changes at home. When bacteria enter, the bubbles begin to fester.

The red border of the lips is the most favorite location for herpes simplex viruses. Rashes do not appear immediately. First, the damaged area begins to itch very much. After a couple of hours or by the end of the first day after the onset of severe itching, blisters begin to appear. When they appear, the itching increases several times.

Usually the blisters remain on the skin for 6-12 days. After an acute period of illness, they completely disappear from the skin. In their place, a dry crust appears, which after some time disappears on its own. In some cases, moderate itching and redness of the damaged areas of the skin persist.

Herpetic rashes on the face

This localization is not the most common. Typically, this form of herpetic infection occurs in weakened and frequently ill children, as well as children with various forms of immunodeficiency conditions. With this variant of the disease, red itchy blisters appear on the nose, chin, forehead, and eyelid. Severe forms of the disease are accompanied by the appearance of herpetic rashes on almost the entire surface of the facial skin.

Each subtype of herpes has its own favorite localizations and some features of the development of unfavorable symptoms. Thus, with herpes virus type 1, blisters appear mainly in the area of ​​the nasolabial triangle. With the shingles variant, the rashes cover not only the face, they occur throughout the body. Chickenpox is characterized by a gradual appearance of the rash. In some cases, it also appears on the head, in the hair area.

After the blisters disappear, crusts remain on the skin. They usually differ in color from the surrounding skin. The crusts are reddish or red-brown in color. After a couple of days, they completely disappear, and the skin again becomes pale pink and clean. Itching usually disappears after 5-6 days from the moment the first rash appears on the face.

What does the encircling option look like?

The development of this disease is caused by type 3 herpes virus. This viral subtype is quite virulent. The risk of infection is quite high. Typically, children who attend kindergarten and preschool institutions are more likely to become infected with shingles. The herpes virus can remain in the environment for quite a long time. Only prolonged exposure to high temperatures and ultraviolet radiation lead to its destruction.

Most often, doctors note the disease as a form of zoster infection in children who have recently had chickenpox. This is largely due to the peculiarities of the immune system. A weakened immune system cannot cope with the attack of pathogenic viruses. Frequently ill children and children with immunodeficiencies are also at increased risk.

Once entering a child’s body, viruses can remain in a “dormant” state for quite a long time. Usually, through the bloodstream, they enter the nerve ganglia, where they can maintain their viability for a long time without losing their virulent properties. Under unfavorable conditions, they begin to actively multiply and cause the baby to develop classic symptoms of a herpetic infection.

In the shingles form, herpetic blisters appear on almost the entire body. Their location depends on the affected nerve. They can be located on the leg, arm, back, or front surface of the chest. The rarest localization for the shingles form is on the palms and soles. In such cases, painful blisters mainly appear on the skin of the fingers.

The development of rashes goes through several successive stages. Severe redness appears first. After a couple of hours, moderate itching appears, which becomes unbearable over time. The next stage is the appearance of bubbles. They contain serous fluid inside. Herpetic blisters remain on the skin for three to four weeks.

Then they disappear, and ulcers form in their place. If at this time the secondary bacterial flora does not reach the damaged areas, they will heal and crusts will form. The crusts may last for a week. The itching noticeably decreases at this time. After another week, the crusts begin to fall off on their own.

After an illness, only patches of depigmented skin may remain on the skin. This is a temporary phenomenon. Usually, over time, this symptom completely disappears. Subsequently, the child’s skin becomes clean, without traces of a previous herpetic infection.

Skin rashes also accompany other symptoms. These include an increase in temperature to febrile levels, soreness and enlargement of the cervical and axillary lymph nodes, increasing headache and severe weakness. They usually persist throughout the entire acute period of the disease. To eliminate them, the prescription of anti-inflammatory drugs and plenty of warm drinks is required.

Doctors usually note that the severity of the disease depends on the age of the patient. The younger the child, the easier he tolerates this form of herpetic infection. In older age, the disease is quite difficult to tolerate. Some patients with severe herpes zoster are even hospitalized. They are indicated for intensive treatment.

In the intimate area

Damage to the genital organs by herpes infection is a fairly common pathology encountered in pediatric medical practice. This disease is caused by the herpes virus type 2. It is distinguished by its ability to affect the mucous membranes of the genital organs. The severity of the disease depends on the age of the child, the presence of concomitant chronic diseases, as well as the state of his immunity.

This variant of herpes infection is usually transmitted sexually. However, there are some peculiarities in the transmission of the disease in children. They can also become infected during fetal development - transcervically. In this case, viruses enter the blood along with amniotic fluid. The transplacental method promotes the transmission of microorganisms through the blood vessels of the placenta.

Scientists also note a variant of infection through the fallopian tubes - transovarian. A fairly common method of infection is during childbirth. Even minor damage allows viruses to easily enter the child’s body. This option is also called contact. Doctors note that children usually become very easily infected with herpes infection during birth.

The most significant susceptibility to infection with type 2 herpes viruses is in children aged six months to three years. The immune system of children at this age is not yet fully functioning. This contributes to the fact that the child’s body cannot cope with the destruction of viruses on its own. Typically, after initial contact, clinical symptoms appear in only 10% of cases. For others, the infection remains latent.

Most cases of herpes virus type 2 infection occur in adolescence. The variant of infection in this case is sexual or household contact. After 5-7 days, the first adverse symptoms of the disease appear in children. They can persist for several weeks. The subsidence of the acute period of the disease does not indicate complete recovery. Very often the course is chronic.

The classic symptom of “genital” herpes is numerous blisters. They are located on the external genitalia. These skin elements are quite itchy. In some cases, the itching can be unbearable. The time of day doesn't matter. Itching can bother a child both during the day and at night.

After the blisters disappear, erosions and wounds remain on the skin. Epithelialization will take some time. Usually it takes 5-6 days. Then the mucous membrane is completely restored and heals. There are no traces of the disease left behind.

The child's general well-being is quite disturbed. The baby feels bad and becomes increasingly nervous. Small children are more often capricious; babies may often ask to be held. Body temperature usually increases to 38-39 degrees. Against the background of a febrile condition, the child may develop chills and fever.

Symptoms of intoxication are also significantly pronounced. With these forms of the disease, headaches, sleep and appetite disturbances, as well as fatigue often occur. It is important to note that this subtype of the virus contributes to the development of relapses. Any condition that leads to a decrease in immunity leads to the appearance of new skin rashes in the child. Such relapses can occur even several years after the first exacerbation.

Mild forms of genital herpes occur in 90-95% of children. In other cases, the disease is severe. This condition requires emergency hospitalization of the child in a hospital. There, the baby will receive the entire necessary range of antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatment.

Genital disease in a newborn and one-year-old child

Every day, doctors began to note an increasing number of cases of infection with this particular form of herpes infection. Babies are predominantly infected during childbirth. Pregnancy pathologies also contribute to the development of intrauterine infection of the unborn fetus. Violation of the integrity of the placenta and feeding blood vessels leads to easier penetration of viruses into the baby.

Children under the age of 1 year suffer from herpes quite seriously. However, there are also exceptions. The severity of the disease depends on the state of the baby’s immunity, his weight at birth, as well as the presence of concomitant chronic diseases. If a child becomes infected with the virus during childbirth, the first symptoms usually appear within 10-14 days.

Doctors identify several options for the course of infection in babies in the first months of life:

• Localized. Usually occurs in every 2-4 children who become infected with genital herpes during childbirth. Herpetic rashes appear on the skin, mucous membranes of the oral cavity, and also in the eye area. Usually they are single; other variants occur only in severe cases of the disease. The most dangerous localization is the eye area, as dangerous complications may arise in the form of atrophy of the optic nerve and the development of decreased vision.
• Generalized. Usually occurs in 25-40% of cases. The first symptoms appear in the baby within 5-7 days from the moment the viruses enter the blood. It is characterized by a rather severe course. Herpetic rashes cover almost the entire surface of the skin.
• Penetration into the brain. They are registered in approximately 30% of newborns infected with herpes virus type 2. The first clinical signs appear 2-3 weeks after the microorganisms enter the child’s body. The course of the disease is unfavorable: symptoms increase rapidly - over a short period of time. The danger of the condition is that it can be fatal.

Treatment

Today, therapy for herpes infections is diverse. It includes a large number of different drugs and medications. Unfortunately, it is not possible to completely cure herpes in some cases. Some forms of the disease (for example, chickenpox) go away on their own. After suffering from chickenpox, the baby develops stable lifelong immunity.

All treatment of herpetic infections can be divided into several sections:

• Use of antiviral therapy. Medicines can be prescribed in the form of tablets, injections and ointments. For mild forms of the disease, topical drugs are predominantly used. To eliminate severe symptoms, the prescription of tablets is required. Among the most commonly used drugs are Acyclovir, Zovirax, Valtrex, Vectavir, Famvir and others.
• Restoring the immune system. Immunotherapy is carried out mainly during remission. The use of interferon drugs and immunoglobulins helps strengthen the immune system. Medicines are prescribed as a course of treatment. The regimen is selected by a pediatrician or immunologist, taking into account the child’s age and the characteristics of his medical history, as well as the presence of concomitant chronic diseases.
• Bed rest during the acute period. It is better to spend the time when the baby has a high temperature in bed. This will contribute to a faster recovery and prevent dangerous complications. Usually bed rest is prescribed for 3-5 days. In severe cases, it can be extended for a week or more.

Taking multivitamin complexes. To cope with the consequences of viral intoxication, additional enrichment of the diet with vitamins and beneficial microelements is required. Multivitamin complexes enriched with antioxidants help the immune system function well. Selenium, vitamin C and retinol will be excellent helpers in the fight against a dangerous viral infection.

Warm, plenty of drink. Helps eliminate all toxic products from the body. Various fruit drinks and compotes made from berries and fruits are perfect as drinks. Drinks that are too sweet should not be given to your baby. It is better to dilute them with boiled water first. During the day, a sick baby should drink 1.5 liters of liquid.

If a child develops chickenpox, it is very important to observe quarantine. The baby should remain at home throughout the acute period of the disease. This will help prevent mass outbreaks of the disease in educational institutions. After normalization of health, the child can continue attending kindergarten.

At home

For many centuries, people have treated herpes on their own, without resorting to medications. Doctors recommend this treatment only for mild forms of the disease. It is quite dangerous for newborns and infants to use home therapy with traditional medicine. Before any use of medicinal plants, be sure to consult your doctor.

To eliminate the adverse symptoms of herpes, the following are used:

• Lotions made from lemon balm or mint. These products do an excellent job of eliminating itching and redness of damaged areas of the skin. To prepare the infusion, take 1 tablespoon of the raw material and pour a glass of boiling water over it, leave for about an hour. After this, cool the solution to a comfortable temperature. Lotions with lemon balm infusion can be used up to 3-6 times a day until the rash disappears completely.
• Propolis. This beekeeping product has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and helps eliminate itching, as well as any redness. You can use propolis to treat herpetic blisters several times a day. This product is prohibited for use in children who are allergic to honey.
• Eucalyptus oil. It helps eliminate redness and itching in the affected areas. Eucalyptus oil has excellent antiseptic properties. Applying this product to herpetic rashes will help prevent the entry of pathogenic bacteria and the development of suppuration.
• Calendula decoction. This product is most often used in the form of lotions. To prepare, just take 1-1.5 tablespoons of crushed calendula flowers and pour 200 ml of boiling water. You need to insist for 40-50 minutes. Lotions with calendula are applied to damaged areas 3-4 times a day.




You can learn more about herpes in the following video.