Plastic paving slabs as a business idea. Main properties of the project

In this material:

Production business plan paving slabs with calculations will help you understand how profitable it is to start this business. When choosing a field of activity, it is necessary to give preference to the manufacture of those products for which there will be demand regardless of the economic situation in the country. This includes the production of goods used for the construction and decoration of houses and adjacent areas. For example, it is profitable to produce paving slabs. The basis for the success of a future business is the correct preparation of a business plan, on the basis of which the company’s activities will be conducted.

Competition in this industry is quite high, but demand is also high. It is increasing due to the development of the construction of country houses, improvement of the streets of cities and villages. This business is also considered the least expensive. Any business should begin with registration; small organizations are best registered as individual entrepreneurs. The production of paving slabs does not require obtaining large quantity permitting documents. Registration as an individual entrepreneur allows you to follow a simplified taxation scheme. The production of paving slabs does not require mandatory certification. To increase demand for their own products, an entrepreneur can undergo the certification procedure voluntarily. The finished samples will be tested for the level of frost resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to mechanical damage and exposure to atmospheric factors.

On initial stages attention should be paid to the private sector. Here it is enough to produce small batches of goods, while the demand for products is quite high. Garden paths are resurfaced every year. When choosing a durable and aesthetically attractive material for decorating local areas, paving slabs are preferred by most owners of private houses. When drawing up a business plan, you should decide necessary equipment. This will help you calculate the costs of starting your own business. The plan should also include the costs of purchasing raw materials that will be needed to produce any batches of goods.

The ideal option is to purchase the premises as your own. It may be small. All equipment can be placed on an area of ​​50 sq.m. About 30 sq.m. will be used for equipment. The remaining area will be used for storing finished products. The premises can also be rented. It must meet the requirements fire safety and be connected to the mains. A drying chamber will need to be placed in the room.

Paving slab production technology

There are 2 ways to make this product. If the company will be producing large quantities of material, it is recommended to use vibrocompression technology. It is performed in several stages. They start by preparing the concrete mixture in a concrete mixer, after which the solution is fed into the matrix of a concrete block press. At the next stage, vibrators and a punch are used, which compact the material and send it to a special pallet. The tray is placed in the drying chamber. At the third stage, the paving slabs are dried using the thermal-moist method, using water vapor heated to a certain temperature.

To reduce the cost of work, products can be dried without the use of special equipment. Vibration casting technology implies a slightly different procedure for performing work. First, the concrete solution is prepared. It is then poured into molds placed on a vibrating table. Molds with finished products are placed on pallets and left indoors for 2 days. After this, the molds are heated to 60°C and the finished products are removed from them. By performing work on the production of paving slabs using this technology, it is possible to obtain products of unique shapes.

Calculation of costs for opening a tile production enterprise

First of all, you need to purchase a brick making machine, the cost of which is about 1 million rubles. About 200 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer and 100 thousand to purchase a punch. This equipment will make it possible to produce products using the vibration pressing method. It is less expensive to purchase the equipment necessary for the production of tiles using the vibration casting method. A vibrating table costs about 150 thousand rubles, a mold for pouring concrete mixture costs from 100 rubles per piece, about 40 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer. To wash the molds you will need a bath costing about 70 thousand rubles.

For a small enterprise producing paving slabs, it is enough to hire 3 employees. The storekeeper can also act as a driver. When preparing accounting reports and maintaining documentation, you can use the services of outsourcing companies.

Paving slabs are made of concrete with the addition of a plasticizer. 1 cubic meter of solution costs approximately 3,000 rubles. Up to 15 square meters of tiles can be made from it. Thus, the average cost of 1 sq.m of material will be 150 rubles. To this value you need to add about 60 rubles spent on electricity, labor and additional expenses. The finished product is sold for an average of 300 rubles.

If you take a responsible approach to quality control of your products, you can quickly gain customers. In this case, due to the use of inexpensive materials, the profitability of the project will approach 150%. Thus, even large expenses for the purchase of equipment will pay off within a short period of time.

Currently, the production of construction and finishing materials is considered one of the most attractive areas of activity for budding entrepreneurs.

The production of paving stones requires significant financial costs in the initial stages, but it can bring good profits in the future.

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The construction segment today is second only to the telecommunications sector in terms of the level of implementation of new technologies. Literally every day they talk about “new breakthroughs” and the emergence of new “unique” technologies. Such activity does not always correspond to real needs and, even more so, to real market opportunities. Practice shows that good old technologies not only remain in demand, but also provide excellent chances to start your own business with small investments. The realities of small business in 2015 show rather illusory prospects for the construction market, but the question remains, what should construction teams do, how to look for an alternative to make money?

The answer can be found in related areas, in optimizing the business itself. As one of the alternatives (in truth, the option is good for organizing a new business), you can consider organizing the production of paving slabs using the vibration casting method.

How much does it cost to produce paving slabs?

The level of depreciation of fixed assets is not just high, but very high, this applies to all aspects, including sidewalks. If we talk about the roadway, those same roads, the situation is no better, this question belongs to the sphere of interests of the “big” bosses, as a result they are, at the very least, repaired. The situation is completely different with sidewalks; no money is allocated for them; the specifics of their repair do not allow for much acceleration. From practice, I can say for sure that 3-4 times more can be “appropriated” from one square meter of road. Most sidewalk repairs in cities, small towns, and private households are left to small businesses. What does this mean in practice?

At organizing a full cycle from production to laying paving slabs, the business receives significant benefits in the form of:

• - flexible pricing policy. The final price of the finished product will not include the price of an intermediary (as in retail sales– 20-50%, cost of foreman’s services – 20-30%). In fact, this means that tiles can be laid at a 50% discount without losing average profitability.
• - individual approach to the client. Selection of shape, color, may be taken into account individual characteristics plot.
• - full complex services. If we consider that for the mini workshop itself, raw materials (screenings, cement) will be purchased at wholesale prices from established suppliers, then de facto the client pays and actually receives everything at once at the optimal price.

By and large, it is this complex option that makes it possible to talk about the business of producing paving slabs as an option for construction crews to repurpose.

Do not forget about the profitability of the business, two main points:

• - the production of sidewalk tiles has a profitability of 40-50% for wholesale sales and about 80-90% for retail sales;
• - using the same equipment (except for molds) you can produce very wide range products, not just tiles.
• - profit from laying sidewalks also reaches 50%.

In total, due to the full cycle, it is possible to achieve about 100% profitability, and due to the wide range of products, “smooth out” seasonal fluctuations in demand.

For example, for the period of the “winter season” we can repurpose ourselves into the production of concrete countertops and figures.

Technologies for the production of paving slabs

If we consider the market as a whole, we can distinguish three main technologies:

1. Clinker tiles.
2. Vibrocasting
3. Vibropressing

Relatively clinker tiles, one thing can be said, expensive. Moreover, in all other respects, high-quality clinker products are better. Such products are made from clay and then fired. high temperatures. Such production is expensive to organize and requires special permits and high-quality raw materials. In the end, it turns out to be expensive, this technology goes into the realm of big business. In terms of their technology, they also have a lot of nuances, ranging from the availability of really high-quality raw materials (not all clay is suitable) to the need to maintain a constant technological cycle. Recently, a friend’s “lights” were turned off for a couple of hours, and then they spent a week “picking out” the frozen clay.

One more The manufacturing technology for paving slabs is vibration compaction. The method is undoubtedly good and has its advantages:

• - firstly, the possibility of widespread use of automatic processes. If you have money and desire, about 90% of all processes are done by automatic machines.
• - secondly, higher wear-resistant performance.

There is a downside though:

• -expensive equipment. Such a workshop cannot be called small; its organization will require quite a lot of money, as a result, it is necessary to immediately aim for large sales volumes.
• - the cost of such products is higher than that of tiles made by vibration casting.
• - higher stability shows itself effectively only in cases of intense loads. For example, if you use tiles as paving stones on a road with heavy traffic (cars) or a very large flow of people.

Vibration casting - in this version of the production of paving slabs we're talking about about traditional casting using a vibrating table, this option is suitable for home business. The technology itself simply does not require any additional, much less special, equipment other than the table itself. In fact, the procedure is a chain:

Concrete (cement-sand mixture) is prepared in concrete mixers, consisting of:

• cement;
• sand;
• granite crushed stone fraction 5-10 mm;
• plasticizer C-3;
• air-entraining SNF additive;
• pigment.

Ready concrete is laid out into molds on a vibrating table;

The mixture in the molds is given the required density on a vibrating table;

The forms with the solution are put on racks, covered with PVC film and kept for 24 hours;

The molds with the frozen mixture are heated in a bath of warm water;

The products are being stripped;

The tiles are placed on pallets where they are cured certain period to a state of complete readiness.

pros

• - low cost of the finished product;
• - small starting investments;
• - maximum business flexibility. Products can be made in small batches of any shape and color.

Minuses

• - high level manual labor;
• - strict linkage of production volume to the workshop area.

What equipment and premises are needed?

The total area for a small workshop should be about 60 square meters, plus rooms for final drying of paving slabs. The main condition is:

• - availability of electricity and water.
• - heating. To obtain a strong product, it is necessary to comply with the drying conditions; in cold periods, you need to “raise” the temperature, and in hot periods, lower it. Drying too quickly leads to loss of quality.

Among the equipment it is necessary to highlight

Concrete mixer - about 20,000 rubles.

Forms for pouring tiles. It must be emphasized that today there are four variations of forms on the market:

Metal forms. The most expensive, one of the advantages is the possibility of long-term use, and the disadvantage is the cost.

Rubber, can be used up to 500 cycles.

Plastic – 250 cycles

Polyurethane – up to 100 production cycles.

Which forms to buy is a rhetorical question; practice shows that when choosing forms you must be guided by one principle - rationality. Expensive, more durable rubber or metal molds will work for popular molds. But when making non-standard or one-time orders, it is worth buying cheap and short-lived plastic or polyurethane.

Vibrating table. Its cost largely depends on the size, quality, and supplier. By and large, you can make it yourself.

Table for stripping. Simply an irreplaceable thing and assistant, especially in conditions of seasonal intensity.

Bath for washing molds. After making the tiles, all molds must be thoroughly cleaned; a “dirty” mold is almost 100% defective.

Rokla hydraulic. Also, at first glance, it is a rather unnecessary thing, but when working with working volumes of tiles, its transportation and transportation without a roller is a tedious, labor-intensive process of palletizing.

and activities

It is very difficult, one might even say unrealistic, to calculate the real cost without specific information about the region and the availability of raw materials. On average in the market, the level of profitability of production is about 30-45%, while it fluctuates significantly depending on the remoteness of the resource base, it’s a matter of availability cement factories, granite and sand quarries. The closer, the cheaper the raw materials, the higher the level of profitability. One of the most significant factors for a small mini paving slab workshop is low dependence on fixed costs, which allows you to very quickly “freeze” production and start it up just as quickly, without using significant financial resources.

Advertising and sales of finished products

Very often, small businesses (especially if the business belongs to the home business category) do not attach much importance to advertising and beautiful presentation of their goods; this is perhaps one of the most common mistakes, as a result of low sales volumes at the beginning of the project. Subsequently, “popular rumor” and “word of mouth” do their job, but this happens later. I would advise you to take product advertising seriously and suggest the following options:

• - first. Preparation of bright advertising brochures. Moreover, the booklets should contain high-quality photos, a large selection of various forms (this can be taken from sales sites ready-made forms for paving slabs) and flowers. The fact is that even for a small order you can always save money and buy cheap molds made of plastic or polyurethane. Plus, the cost of several thousand advertising brochures will not be that expensive. When distributing brochures, the main thing is to choose the right place and contingent.
• - second. Advertising in newspapers is required, especially since you will have the opportunity to lay tiles. For a small paving slab workshop, you can rent a large banner; again, the main thing is to choose the right location.

Alternative and related activities

Small-scale production of paving slabs has another significant advantage, this is the ability to expand the range of products and services offered, in particular:

• - tile laying services.
• - production of fences, curbs, gutters.
• - using almost the same set of equipment you can make concrete garden figures or kitchen countertops, window sills, and even fountains.
• - a minor modernization and you can start producing cinder blocks, and if you have money, then foam concrete (you need to buy a high-speed concrete mixer).

The list goes on; today there is a huge number of concrete products on the market, most of which can be produced at home, including paving slabs and paving stones.

Video example of making paving slabs with your own hands

DIY paving slabs

We organize a small mini workshop with our own hands for the production of paving slabs

Concrete tiles are a beautiful, convenient and durable material, and therefore it is not surprising that it is in demand. IN Lately it is successfully replacing asphalt pavement - both in urban landscaping and in private construction. Demand clearly exceeds supply - for city courtyards, sidewalks, squares, park alleys and summer cottages high-quality and practical coating is required.

Of course, city administrations, as a rule, cooperate with major manufacturers, which have long since seriously established themselves in this market. But small construction companies and private owners most often order paving stones from small enterprises. The business of producing paving slabs is the very niche that you can still occupy and feel comfortable with, despite considerable competition. In addition, such entrepreneurship does not require high start-up investments, but pays off quite quickly, even with small volumes.

Will paving stone production be profitable?

To correctly and accurately answer this question, you should study the supply and demand on the paving market in your locality:

• In what quantity and at what price do competitors offer paving slabs? Additional services they provide.
• Do you have a lot of potential clients: dacha cooperatives, repair and construction teams, etc.
• Who will supply the raw materials: if there are no granite and sand quarries nearby, it will have to be purchased in other regions, and this will inevitably increase the cost of production.

If you have determined that market saturation is relatively low and allows a new player to count on a sufficient number of orders, you can begin to open a business. To begin with, it is better to give preference to small production: if large orders appear, it will be possible to purchase additional equipment and “expand”.

Enterprise registration

Fortunately, no license or certificates are required to produce paving slabs. To get started, just register as an individual entrepreneur. If you would like to confirm high quality of your products, you can undergo a voluntary certification procedure, but, as already mentioned, this is not necessary.

What to produce

There are several types of paving slabs:

• clinker,
• vibropressed,
• vibrocast.

The clinker house is considered the most expensive of all. To make it you will need special equipment and high quality clay. Needless to say, for a small enterprise that has just appeared on the market, such costs will be unreasonably high. In addition, the sales market for such tiles is quite narrow.

The right decision for a novice manufacturer would be to turn to a more democratic form and start producing paving stones using the vibration casting method. In terms of quality and price ratio, this is best option, and consumers who are looking for durable and inexpensive paving slabs usually prefer this one. The vibration casting technology itself is one of the simple ones, and the cost of tiles produced by this method is low.

Vibropressed tiles are also strong, durable and aesthetically pleasing, but their production is more expensive.

In addition to the tiles themselves, buyers should be offered borders, decorative elements, and facing stones: it is always convenient to purchase everything you need in one place.

Laying tiles can also become related service- this will help the buyer purchase the exact amount of material, and the manufacturer will receive additional profit.

Workshop for the production of paving slabs

You should start organizing production by finding a suitable premises. The requirements for it are not that high. It must be heated (for the production of tiles a special temperature regime). Communications are required - centralized water supply and electricity with the ability to use a voltage of 380 V.

The location where the workshop will be located is not particularly important, so inexpensive buildings on the outskirts will do. The area of ​​the room can be small, from 60 square meters. meters, it depends on the capabilities and planned scale of production.

To produce paving stones, you will definitely need a drying room, where the floor must be warm and the air temperature must be maintained at 35–40 degrees. You will also need to allocate a small warehouse for storage finished products.

Equipment and personnel

When the premises are selected, you can proceed to the purchase of equipment and recruitment of personnel.

To produce tiles you will need:

• 1–2 concrete mixers,
• stripping table,
• forming vibrating table,
• special plastic forms.

With this set of equipment you can start producing square and shaped paving stones, decorative fences, borders, facade tiles and slabs with gutters.

To produce 30 sq. m of tiles per day, the company must employ three people per shift. These can be ordinary workers - there are no special requirements for their qualifications. Their responsibilities will include following the recipe and technology for mixing concrete, filling out forms and sending tiles to pressing tables and then to the drying room.

During the “hot” season, when a lot of goods are required, you can hire employees temporary work.

Raw materials for tiles

Paving slabs must comply with GOST: meet the requirements for strength, frost resistance, hygroscopicity, etc. The tile covering should last 25 years or more. To achieve such quality, you will need not only to follow the production technology, but also to use good raw materials.

To produce 30 sq. meters of tiles, you will need:

• cement – ​​0.8 t;
• concrete plasticizer – 2.3 kg;
• sand-granite mixture – 2.5 t;
• pigments.

The supply of sand and granite crushed stone must be negotiated with the management of the mining quarry - preferably directly, but it is also possible through an intermediary company.

It is better to purchase cement and pigments of the same brand, especially if a large order is being carried out, otherwise you may encounter the problem of color mismatch between tiles in different batches.

Search for buyers

To show off the product, it is better to make several demonstration samples so that potential buyers can see what the coating will look like. However, a product catalog wouldn’t hurt either – colorful booklets with information about the benefits of tiles in general and yours in particular will definitely come in handy.

You can also personally offer your products to managers or suppliers of repair and construction teams. Advertisements will help you find customers – both in the media (newspapers, magazines, on Internet sites) and simply in cottage villages.

Costs and profits

To launch a production line of 30 sq. m of paving slabs per day, you will need about 200–250 thousand rubles. excluding the cost of purchasing or renting premises for a workshop.

Cost of production 1 sq. m of tiles averages 250 rubles, taking into account the cost of raw materials, electricity and employee wages. average price sq. m of tiles for sale – 350–450 rubles.

Thus, provided that the product is quickly sold, a paving slab production business can recoup its investment in just 2–3 months.

There are a huge number of important products on the construction market. One of them is paving slabs, which partially or completely covers pedestrian areas near roads and other areas, such as squares, etc. In this article we will try to consider in detail the business plan for the production of paving slabs and find out whether it makes sense to open such a business in Russia. Please note that competition in this area is quite high, but the demand from construction companies and individuals for this material is also significant.

Some general information

You must understand that this is a seasonal business, so you will receive your main income from spring to mid-autumn. To create your own small factory, you will need to invest quite a lot. This amount will not be less if you purchase a business that is ready to launch. In the latter case, on the one hand, you have an order of magnitude less hassle, and on the other, you do not control the quality of the assembly of the production line, which is not good. The main direction is the production of paving slabs, but along with this, no one is stopping you from making 3D, luminous or even polymer tiles. All this will allow you to attract maximum customers short term and gain valuable regular customers. But let's go further and talk about creating a business as such.

Registration and selection of production premises

Before you start, you must draw up a competent business plan for the production of paving slabs. The first step is to obtain the status of an individual entrepreneur. This registration form will be sufficient for you. Since the production of paving slabs is not subject to any additional certification, the procedure for obtaining a license is much simpler. However, there is one "but" here.

As practice shows, most of buyers prefer to purchase tiles tested by experts. Therefore, you must submit your product for examination, where it will be tested for frost resistance, strength and abrasion. If the result is satisfactory, then you will receive a product quality certificate that you can show off to customers. As for the production premises, the main thing here is to find a plant with an area of ​​more than 70 square meters. The location can be almost any, since there are no special requirements for this item. To connect modern equipment you will need 360 V. In addition, you need to choose a place to install the drying chamber, where the temperature should be around 40 degrees Celsius.

We buy equipment for the production of paving slabs

You have several options. One of them is production by vibration pressing. In order to set up production in this way, you will need to buy a brick press. The higher its performance, the higher the price. An average-capacity unit will cost you about $20,000. Of course, we cannot do without a concrete mixer, as well as a punch. For all this you will spend no more than 8-10 thousand.

As noted a little above, there are several production methods. In order to organize the production of tiles using the second method, that is, vibration casting, you will need less money, since the technology here is a little different, and we will talk about this a little below. The main equipment is a vibrating table worth 6-7 thousand dollars and a concrete mixer. The price of the latter may vary, depending on the brand and capacity. On average it is 600-1000 dollars. You also need to buy molds for future tiles. Here you choose for yourself - which ones you like best, buy those. For one form you need to pay about 10-20 dollars.

Production technology using vibration pressing method

There are three main stages worth highlighting here. The first step is to prepare the concrete. A concrete mixer is used for this. As a rule, two types of mixture are in use. If it is made single-layer, then one concrete mixer is needed, if it is made of two layers, then, accordingly, two. After the molding mass is obtained, it must be transported to a brick making machine.

At the second stage, the press vibrator and punch work. The presence of pulses contributes to the compaction of the mixture. According to the technology, the process should last only 3-5 seconds, after which the matrix is ​​raised and the remaining tray is sent to the drying chamber.

At the final stage, the tiles “reach” complete readiness. To do this, it is dried in steam. It is extremely important to choose the right duration. The fact is that with increasing time, the strength of the product increases. So, after 6-8 hours of drying, the product can withstand a load of 2 MPa, which is quite enough.

Vibration casting technology

In essence, these two methods are somewhat similar, but the sequence and some details are slightly different. Here, for example, it is possible to establish the production of paving slabs from waste (sand, polyethylene, etc.). Basically this is good decision, which will help significantly reduce the cost of purchasing raw materials. At the first stage of this technology, the mixture is prepared: melting polyethylene and mixing sand with cement. After this, the mass is placed in pre-prepared tile molds. Next, the molds are laid out on pallets, and the product is left in this form for about two days. At the final stage, the finished tile must be removed from the mold. This is not so easy to do. The easiest way is to use short-term heating (1-2 minutes), and then remove the tile.

Profitability, product sales and personnel recruitment

Most experts cite very good numbers when they talk about the profitability of such a business. If we take the average value, then it is 100-130%. Here you need to understand that there is a place for defective products. There is no escape from this; your business plan for the production of paving slabs must take this into account. The only thing that can help is the continued use of an unusable product in construction.

The wider the range of forms and types of products you produce, the easier it will be to sell them. The number of loyal customers will constantly increase, but only if you can give them what they want. To begin with, it is recommended to purchase lines for the production of paving slabs of medium productivity. If everything is successful, you can expand further. Much depends on the capacity of the plant. If the daily output does not exceed 50 square meters of tiles, then 3-4 people who will be responsible for the process are quite enough.

A little about advertising your business

If you ask yourself what it takes to produce paving slabs, the answer to this question is relatively simple: good equipment and smart workers. However, for its implementation it is necessary good publicity. This approach will significantly speed up the process of increasing the popularity of your organization. Place an advertisement in the newspaper that a new factory has opened for the production of tiles for every taste. Post some bright updates on the Internet, describe your assortment, etc. Of course, you may not be active, buyers will still come, but not so soon and not in such numbers. Competent advertising can do a lot, believe me.

A few important points

This business can be called profitable and profitable, however, it is subject to seasonality, which should not be forgotten. If you wish, you can preserve your production for several months. You can set up the production of paving slabs as a business quite quickly, since there is no additional certification required and there are no special requirements for the production premises. The main thing is that it is safe for the working staff and clean. Offer your clients transportation and tile laying services. This way you organize a full range of services, and this is very attractive to the buyer.

Conclusion

So we looked at the main details on this topic. Set up the production of paving slabs from plastic bottles, and you will not only save on the purchase of raw materials, but you will also be able to make quality product. However, you must understand that they will not buy even high-quality tiles from you at a high price, especially if you have just opened. Therefore, you must have good products according to affordable price. This is roughly what your paving slab production business plan should look like. It's not complicated technological process and many units, so you can organize such a thing quite quickly. But we must not forget about quality control at all stages of production; your staff must monitor this.

The pros of this building material can be attributed:

• durability (the average service life of asphalt pavement is 7 years, for paving slabs - about 30);
• ease of installation (no heavy construction equipment required);
• frost resistance;
• environmental friendliness (paving stones, unlike asphalt, do not emit harmful volatile products in the heat - when replacing 1 million m2, 665 tons less toxic substances will enter the atmosphere during the year);
• no puddles form on the tiles.

To start production you will not have to obtain special permits or licenses. Certification is also not required. Although, if desired, it is worth going through the certification procedure, since the presence of documents confirming the high quality of products will stimulate consumer demand. The procedure is inexpensive - about 20 thousand rubles.

A business plan must take into account a number of key points related to legal form enterprise, choosing premises, purchasing equipment and hiring workers. The successful implementation of the project will ultimately depend on how responsibly you approach drawing up a business plan and correctly make all the calculations.

Organizational aspects

Our business plan provides that to organize production it is enough to become individual entrepreneur. The procedure is simple. You will need:

• make a photocopy of your passport;
• have it certified by a notary;
• write an application to the tax authorities;
• pay the state fee.

After 2-5 days Tax Inspectorate You will be given a TIN and OGRN (certificate of registration as an individual entrepreneur).

An example of calculations of registration costs is contained in the sample business plan we presented.

Room

This business plan implies the presence of production premises with an area of ​​at least 150-160 m2. The building must be equipped with:

• electrical network (380 V);
• running water (cold water is a must, hot water is desirable);
• heating;
• convenient access for transport.

The building should be divided approximately equally. One half will house the production itself. The second half is intended for drying and storing finished products. An indispensable condition is to maintain a year-round temperature of plus 40-45° Celsius.

Our business plan provides that monthly expenses for renting the premises will be 60-70 thousand rubles.

Equipment

Production includes work on:

• production of concrete mixture;
• pressing;
• moving finished products to a storage rack;
• packaging.

When calculating the payback period of the project, it is necessary to take into account that the finished paving stones must be stored in a warehouse for about a month to acquire final consumer properties.

The production of paving slabs can be carried out in two ways, each of which will require the purchase of a different set of equipment. The first technology - vibrocompression - requires large financial costs, but has such advantages as:

• high productivity;
• high quality products;
• minimal use of manual labor.

The second technology is vibration casting. To the benefits this method This includes the relative cheapness of the equipment and the ability to produce paving stones of various configurations and shapes. Among the main disadvantages are lower product quality and high costs associated with less economical consumption of concrete.

The cost of purchasing equipment, depending on the chosen production technology, can range from 600 thousand to 4 million rubles. Our project implementation plan for organizing production is based on the option of using vibrocompression technology, which will require the purchase of an automated line costing 1,950,000 rubles. The calculations can be found in the business plan we presented.

Staff

The production of paving slabs does not involve large number workers. For full-fledged work The workshop will require 5 people. The foreman directly manages production and keeps records of products sold to consumers. Four workers are engaged in servicing an automated production line - loading raw materials and storing finished goods.

Monthly expenses for wages personnel - 110 thousand rubles. Examples of calculations can be found in our sample business plan.

Profitability calculation

The cost of manufacturing 1 m2 of paving slabs is about 220 rubles. The average market price is 450-500 rubles/m2 (depending on the shape, color and consumer properties, the cost of one meter can reach up to 1200 rubles/m2.

When producing products in two shifts, the workshop will be able to produce approximately 300 m2 of paving stones daily.

Let's make the necessary calculations:

500 - 220 = 280 x 300 = 8,400 rubles. - daily net profit.

8400 x 22 = 180,000 rub. - net profit for 1 month of workshop operation.

Accordingly, the initial investment will pay off within one year.

For detailed calculations, see our sample business plan.