Veterinary clinic services Sterilization and castration - “Castration of a cat: is it really necessary? Why did we decide to castrate? Advice, our experience of this procedure. And also why I strongly recommend castrating cats.”

Cat castration procedure

Castration called removal of the gonads of males (in cats or males). The term "sterilization" is usually used when talking about operations to artificially deprive female animals of their reproductive abilities.

 To be more precise, sterilization still implies an artificial violation reproductive function

without removal of the gonads (in both females and males), while castration is precisely the removal of the gonads (testes in males, ovaries or ovaries and uterus in females). In this section, in order to avoid unnecessary complexity, we will talk about this process primarily as depriving males of the ability to bear offspring.

Pros of castration of cats Castration domestic cat.

has economic, preventive and therapeutic purposes

The need for this procedure for cats in the city is connected not only with the fact that their owners do not have the opportunity (and even the desire) to raise the offspring of their pets, but with preventive measures.

For example, the behavior of a mature, uncastrated cat (and he matures at about six to nine months) is characterized by anxiety, which results in him starting to mark his territory, which will cause an unpleasant odor to spread throughout the apartment.

• Advantages:
• The cat (in most cases) stops marking its territory
• Aggression and screaming disappear
• Reduces the risk of diseases in the genitourinary area

According to statistics, neutered cats get sick less and live longer.

After castration, the cat becomes calmer and more obedient, however, this, as a rule, does not affect his temperament in any way: a more active animal will remain the same after castration.

The age at which it is best to castrate cats is decided in each case individually in consultation with a doctor. But it can be noted that castration of a cat, carried out in a fairly early age , usually passes easier, and in this case less likely for the emergence postoperative complications

. Typically, castration of a male dog is carried out until he has completely matured (9 months -1 year). The same can be said about cats, but it should be noted that before puberty, its development may be somewhat retarded, and after puberty and full formation (at the age of 1-1.5 years), it may not lose its sexual activity, although it becomes sterile. It is better to castrate a cat after 7 - 8 months.

At home or in a clinic? Location of the procedure.

Sterilizing a cat at home

The location for this procedure (at home or in) is chosen by the owner individually and with the right approach to this issue is not of fundamental importance.
The advantages of performing castrations at home include convenience for the owner and the least stressful environment for the cat (the fact is that transportation to the clinic and long waits in queues are very stressful for your cat, and the postoperative state requires complete rest).

Castration in the clinic is convenient for the doctor (when all the necessary tools and drugs are at hand). The question of observing asepsis and antisepsis is entirely on the conscience of the veterinarian; castration of a cat is carried out in clinical settings does not guarantee professional approach to the point.

How does this happen?

1. Animal examination
2. Medicines are administered to help the cat undergo surgery.
3. Anesthesia is given
4. According to the method, the doctor, after removing the hair in the scrotum area, makes skin incisions (one or two) over the testes, ties the vessels and, cutting off the spermatic cords, removes the testes and removes them
5. Stitches are applied (or not, depending on the method of the procedure)

This procedure is painless for the cat, since it is performed under general anesthesia.

Video on the topic

Necessary preparation of the animal before the procedure

Preparing the animal is important point, which needs to be given Special attention. If the doctor’s recommendations are not followed, your pet risks complications, and you risk unnecessary headache and additional material costs. When preparing a cat, you must follow a starvation diet.

The fact is that when drugs are administered for anesthesia, cats develop a gag reflex. In order to avoid vomit getting into the respiratory tract, males should not be fed for about 6 hours, and females for about 12. It is convenient to carry out the operation in the morning, when your pet has not yet become very hungry and has the whole house on its “ears,” besides , you will have a lot of time to observe him after, which is important for his health.

Recovery and care for a cat after surgery

Neutered cat

During anesthesia, the body's thermoregulation is disrupted, so after all procedures put the animal in a warm place, protect it from drafts!

The pet can go to the toilet in in the wrong place(This is fine). Therefore, it is advisable that the toilet is close to the place of rest.

When the anesthesia wears off, the cat will sleep for some time. After he wakes up, he will be weak and disoriented for some time. It is necessary to ensure that the pet, which has not yet fully recovered, does not injure itself. Ask the doctor about how to care for it, how to treat wounds, how to protect the stitches from “licking”.

Eating can occur after 8-12 hours, the food should be easily digestible and the portion should be small.

A cat's recovery is much faster than a cat's. This is because cats have a less invasive procedure, i.e. requiring a smaller area of ​​intervention with low trauma to animal tissue.

Undesirable consequences: how to avoid them

Obese cat

So, you turned to a qualified veterinarian, properly prepared and cared for your pet. The operation is over and the patient feels well.

What you need to pay attention to to avoid unpleasant consequences?

There is an opinion that the most common complication of castration is urolithiasis (UCD). This is not entirely true: there is no direct relationship between castration and ICD. This disease is a consequence of impaired metabolism and most often occurs in animals with excess body weight.

That's why proper nutrition- the key to the health of your animal and this applies not only to ICD. Diseases of the cardiovascular system, digestive tract, joints are the most common consequences of obesity.

Excess body weight occurs in both castrated and non-castrated animals and depends mainly on nutrition and a genetic predisposition to obesity. The fact is that with the elimination of the reproductive instinct, your cat begins to lead a more measured life: anxiety, aggression, and the associated decrease in appetite during the hunt disappear. That's why If the animal is prone to obesity, weight gain will occur faster after castration.

This is why it is very important to approach feeding responsibly. For castrated animals, there are special dietary foods that are sold in veterinary pharmacies, and regarding the use of which, you can always consult the seller. Your veterinarian will give you more detailed advice on feeding and maintenance.

Cost of castration in our clinic

Remember that careful and attentive attitude towards your pet’s health will prolong its life!

Leave your questions in the comments

In order for a cat to live in your apartment, it is necessary to castrate it.

It is better to carry out castration at an early age - from 7 to 15 months.

Unneutered cats mark their territory. This means the cat pees all over the apartment, which leads to the appearance of a very specific, very persistent smell.

To prevent this, cats are neutered. Castration of cats

one of the simplest and most frequently performed operations in veterinary surgery. Despite the simplicity of castration of cats, there are many methods for its implementation. Typically, castration of cats is carried out using the open or closed method. After general anesthesia

, depilation is usually done by plucking or shaving the hair in the scrotum area. The surgical site is prepared according to standard techniques. Castration of cats, with any methodological approach, two or one incision is made in the skin of the scrotum (if there is one skin incision, then there is also an incision in the mediastinum of the scrotum, which in my opinion complicates the operation and is therefore unjustified). Next, when open method

, the common vaginal membrane of the testis is dissected, it is enucleated, the vessels and spermatic cord are tied with a ligature or tied together. With the closed method, the testis is enucleated along with the common tunica vaginalis, and then the testis is removed: by tearing, unscrewing on two clamps, ligation, or instrumental tying of the vascular-vas deferens bundle to a knot. Most frequent complications When castrating cats, there is bleeding (with methods involving tearing and twisting, as well as with ligation without suturing using the closed method castration of cats

Postoperative care after castration of cats usually comes down to protecting the wound from licking (by visual observation or putting on a collar), sometimes it is necessary to clean the surgical site with treatment with an iodine solution, and to avoid contact of the wound with cat litter for 3 days ( use paper or wire rack instead of filler).

Visual campaigning for castration and sterilization of cats

Cat owners have to deal with problems caused by the sexual instincts of their pets. The cat matures at about six months and is capable of sexual activity throughout the year.

If the cat is not allowed outside, it begins to mark the territory of the apartment or house, creating a disgusting smell.

Even if you take all precautions, your cat may escape unnoticed through a door, jump out of a window or from a balcony.

Very often this ends tragically, and sometimes animals disappear forever.

If cats walk on their own, then they wander throughout the area, go far from home and fight with other cats.

Vagrants often become infected with infectious diseases and often become victims of road accidents, trappers and flayers. Neutered cats, with rare exceptions when the operation was performed at a late age, stop marking their territory. Their aggression towards people and other cats, associated with their sexual behavior, disappears. Neutered and neutered cats live longer and longer healthy life. Their risk of infection is reduced

infectious diseases . They rarely run away and do not jump out of windows in search of a partner. Animals that do not leave the apartment will no longer ask to go outside and organize cat concerts. Castration and sterilization have no effect on the hunting instincts of animals. It happens

erroneous opinion

If you take care of your cat and do not let her outside, then during the period of heat she will cause a lot of anxiety. The cat will ask to go outside, roll on the floor, lie under your feet, scream day and night, preventing you from falling asleep.

If you live in the country or on the ground floor, then local “suitors” come to your cat, causing even more concern. If she walks on her own, she will definitely bring unplanned offspring.

Drowning kittens, even newborns, means committing murder. It is also unacceptable to throw them away or throw them to someone.

Raising offspring will require some physical effort and financial expenditure from you.

Of course, it's nice to watch kittens grow up, but when it comes time to find them owners, a big problem arises. Today it is difficult to place even purebred kittens, and some owners pay their own money to place their cat's offspring. Unfortunately, the fate of the majority of animals given “in good hands” is deplorable. Sterilizing a cat solves all problems associated with its behavior and offspring. This operation, which makes it impossible to have kittens, is performed under anesthesia in

surgical conditions

veterinary clinics. On the 8-12th day, the cat's stitches are removed and she is completely healthy.

Neutered cats never experience the sadness or discomfort of not being in heat, nor do they suffer the deprivation of pregnancy or motherhood. Diseases of the reproductive organs are excluded from them and diseases of the mammary glands are extremely rare (unlike unsterilized cats).

At what age to castrate a cat, how to prepare, care after castration, nutrition

Cats easily tolerate castration. In most cases, no special preparation is required. After the operation, there is no need to treat the stitches, but do not allow the wound to be licked. If the urine test is normal, feeding may be normal.

When - at what age to castrate a cat?

Castration can be performed at any age. But it is better to castrate young cats; they tolerate the operation more easily and stop marking their territory faster.

No special preparation is required.

It is advisable that the cat be hungry for noticeably 5 - 15 hours.

It is good if the cat has received the required vaccinations and is regularly dewormed.

How is castration done at home?

Licking is dangerous as it can lead to bleeding.

The veterinarian makes the necessary injections, gives prescriptions and recommendations, and leaves his mobile phone for consultation if necessary.

Condition of the cat after surgery

The cat gradually recovers from anesthesia: he begins to move his paws, tries to get up and walks like a drunk. Sleep and drunkenness can last from 5 hours to 2 days.

Uncontrollable urination may occur several times.

Vomiting may occur during the day, especially if the cat eats a lot; this is a consequence of anesthesia.

Castration of cats at home in Moscow

We castrate cats at home.

We castrate cats in all areas of Moscow and the Moscow region.

We castrate cats seven days a week and even at night.

Cat after castration

Within 24 hours he recovers from anesthesia, in a half-asleep state.

Licking must be prevented for 3 days.

After a week, normal condition.

In the future, monitor your diet and weight.

Castration of cats consequences Consequences after castration of cats

As a rule, a softening of character, a slight decrease in physical activity, an increase in weight, especially in animals prone to obesity.

Caring for a cat after castration

Keep warm, on the floor, make sure not to lick the collar, if necessary.

Cat behavior after castration

The first day he was drunk, during the week he tried to lick the surgical wound, after a week he was in a normal state, gradually softening his character and decreasing physical activity.

Character of a cat after castration

In most cases, the character is more friendly, flexible; extremely rarely there may be a deterioration in character, possibly as a reaction to stress or hormonal changes.

How castration affects a cat How a cat changes after castration

Castration has a positive effect on the cat from the point of view cohabitation with people in the same apartment.

What to feed a cat after castration Feeding a cat after castration Feeding a cat after castration

In general, nutrition does not change, but to control weight, especially in animals prone to obesity, food with a reduced calorie content is needed. In the future, any dietary feed may be used depending on the examination of the animal. There is no clear connection with the castration operation.

Cat after castration anesthesia How cats recover after castration How cats recover from castration Condition of the cat after castration

Young cats tolerate anesthesia well, usually after 2 - 4 hours they begin to crawl and walk, the drunken state can persist for 1 - 2 days. After a week, the condition completely normalizes.

What to do after castration of a cat

Be careful not to fall, freeze, or lick the surgical wound.

Complications after castration of a cat The cat died after castration

Cat licks after castration

After castration, the cat does not eat After castration, the cat does not eat well

Cat vomiting after castration Cat vomiting after castration

Rehabilitation of castration of cats Rehabilitation of a cat after castration

How long does a cat last after castration?

Cat feels bad after castration

The smell after castration of a cat

How do cats cope with castration?

The cat is aggressive after castration The cat becomes aggressive after castration

The cat doesn't pee after castration

The cat lost weight after castration

The cat is lethargic after castration

What does a cat look like after castration?

The cat marks castration

Does a cat mark after castration? Do cats mark after castration? A cat yells after castration. After castration, a cat asks for a cat.

After castration, hormones leave the body gradually - over about 6 months. During this time, it is possible to maintain sexual behavior. Subsequently everything goes away.

It is extremely rare that due to the production of sex hormones by the adrenal glands, it is possible to maintain sexual behavior after castration - these are very rare cases.

In other cases, negative behavior is not associated with sexual instinct and it is necessary to look for ways to correct behavior.

Castration of cats age

Males can be neutered at any age, but it is best to do it between 7 and 18 months of age.

Time for castration of cats

Castration of cats at what age

Time frame for castration of cats

Castration of an adult cat

Castration of old cats

Early castration of cats

Castration of cats price

The price consists of the veterinarian's visit, castration itself and after castration therapy

How much does it cost to castrate a cat?

Cost of castration of a cat

Castration of cats at home price

Free castration of cats

Neutering of cats for free

Castration of cats inexpensively

Castration of cats at home

Castration at home is convenient for owners, easier to tolerate for cats, and there is no technical difference for young cats.

Castration of cats veterinary clinic

Castration of a cat at home

Castration of cats: pros and cons

Logical arguments are all for, but psychological ones are against

Disadvantages of castration of cats

Is it necessary to castrate a cat?

Alternative to castration of a cat

Why is castration of cats necessary?

Pros and cons of castration of cats

What does castration of a cat give?

The cat marks castration

The most common reason The reason why cats are castrated is because they mark territory. Castration in at a young age prevents or solves this problem.

Castration of cats anesthesia

To castrate cats, general non-inhalation anesthesia is used, usually in a small dose.

Anesthesia for castration of cats

Castration of cats video

Castration of cats photo

Cat castration operation

The essence of the operation is to remove the testes, the goal is to stop the production of sex hormones.

Castration technique for cats

How does castration of cats occur?

Types of castration of cats

Cat castration surgery technique

How is castration of cats carried out?

Methods of castration of cats

Methods of castration of cats

How to castrate cats

Cat castration procedure

Castration of a cat operation progress

The process of castration of cats

Seamless castration of cats

Chemical castration of cats

Castration of cats complications

Complications may be associated with individual sensitivity to anesthesia, the health of the cat, violations of the surgical technique, and problems with post-operative care.

Before castrating a cat

No special preparation is required. It is advisable that the cat be hungry for 12 hours. The cat must be healthy.

How to prepare a cat for castration

Preparing a cat for castration

Do not feed the cat before castration of the cat

Castration of a cryptorchid cat

Castration of British cats

There are no special features in castration of different breeds of cats, but there are special features in hereditary diseases in some breeds of cats.

Neutering of Scottish cats

Castration of British cats

Castration of cats reviews

Castration of a cat forum

Castration of cats Moscow

In Moscow, a cat can be castrated at any veterinary clinic or call a veterinarian at home.

Castration of a cat is one of the most popular procedures in a metropolis. After all, when kept in an apartment, a mature cat can create many problems for its owners.

In this article we will talk in detail about anesthesia, surgery, describe the methods and methods of castration of cats, talk about postoperative care and possible complications.

What is cat castration

Castration of a cat - surgical or drug procedure, the purpose of which is to suppress libido and eliminate sexual instincts in the animal.

During surgical castration, under general anesthesia (anesthesia), the testes (testicles) located in the scrotum or outside it are removed (see cryptorchidism).

With medical castration, the same goals are pursued, only the procedure is carried out without general anesthesia. Currently, the Suprelorin implant is used for this, which is injected under the skin on the withers or into the skin-fat fold on the abdomen.

Regardless of the method of castration, the result is a change in hormonal levels, a decrease in the production of androgens (testosterone), and, as a result, changes in the behavior and life of the cat for the better.

Why castration?

“Perhaps it’s better not to mock nature and leave everything as it is?” - some pet owners will ask. After all, the possibility of reproduction is the main mechanism for preserving the species. And if we were talking about cats living in wildlife, the question of the need for castration was not raised. However, we are talking about domestic cats living in city apartments. These animals are deprived of the opportunity to satisfy their own sexual instincts. As a result, the behavior of a cat ready for mating changes in a negative direction - the animal loudly vocalizes (screams) and marks the territory with the secretion of special glands with a very unpleasant odor. And sooner or later the owner decides to castrate the cat.

Pros of castrating a cat:

1. The cat will stop marking. In an apartment, this sharp, unpleasant odor is felt very strongly and disturbs the comfortable coexistence of humans and cats. After castration, the behavior changes and the cat does not feel the need to spray “marks” throughout the house.
2. Vocalization will stop. The owners will be able to sleep peacefully at night and in the morning, because the cat will stop screaming for the cat.
3. Aggression in behavior towards other pets and owners disappears.
4. The likelihood of a cat escaping from the house, as well as the likelihood of an animal falling out of a window, is reduced.
5. Infection is prevented dangerous infections. If a cat sometimes goes outside from indoors or is periodically taken out to the country, uncontrolled matings with yard cats can pose a danger to the animal. When mating, a cat can become infected with fatal incurable diseases, such as feline immunodeficiency virus or viral leukemia.
6. Castration of a cat reduces the risk of developing other diseases. For example, prostatitis, prostate adenoma, and tumors of the perianal sinuses are never found in castrated cats. Older, unneutered cats may suffer from these diseases.
7. Statistically, neutered cats live longer.

Disadvantages of castrating a cat:

1. The risk of urethral obstruction by sand increases with the development of urolithiasis. The owner will be required to feed the cat with special food for life to prevent the formation of urinary calculi.
2. A decrease in animal activity leads to the formation excess weight and increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Feeding commercial diets for neutered cats and, most importantly, strictly following the daily feeding requirements indicated on the packaging will prevent the development of obesity.
3. High anesthetic risks associated with general anesthesia. The older the animal, the higher the risk during anesthesia. Therefore, it is better to carry out castration before 2-3 years of age. For older animals, medical castration is recommended.

At what age should a cat be neutered?

Perhaps the most controversial opinion among veterinary specialists is about the age of castration of a cat. Clearly defined encyclopedic data on this issue simply does not exist. Therefore, each doctor names a number based on his own experience and clinical observations.

We usually recommend spaying a cat between 7 and 9 months of age. This age is optimal from a physiological point of view. Up to 7 months, intensive growth of the animal occurs, the formation of all organ systems and tissues. We do not recommend castration before this age. First of all, due to anatomical features reproductive organs cat After surgery performed at an early age, it stops developing genitourinary system. The penis and urethra remain underdeveloped. This does not interfere with a healthy animal in any way, but, in the case of sand formation and development urolithiasis, makes treatment very difficult.

Kotov large breeds(for example, Maine Coon, Neva Masquerade, Kurilian Bobtail) can be castrated before 7 months of age, but only if the cat weighs more than 3 kilograms.

Why up to 9 months? By this age it ends puberty, the cat becomes a fully formed male. And in his hormonal system changes are also taking place. Testosterone, a hormone that regulates libido, begins to be produced not only in the testicles, but also in other glands internal secretion– pituitary gland and adrenal glands. Accordingly, when castrating a cat after 9 months of age hormonal background can remain high for quite a long time - up to six months. And the owners’ expectations about the quick effect of castration may not be justified.

Of course, the above does not mean that after 9 months a cat cannot be castrated. It is possible, but it should be remembered that the effect of castration may appear later than expected, and also that with each year of the animal’s life the anesthetic risks of the operation increase.

After the age of 7 years, the approach to the operation should be especially responsible, because the animal already enters the category of elderly and requires increased attention from a veterinarian. Before castration, it is usually recommended to check the functioning of the cat’s kidneys, liver and heart. For this purpose, a biochemical blood test is carried out, ultrasound diagnostics and electrocardiography. After this, the doctor makes a decision about surgery or suggests alternative options.

Anesthesia (pain relief)

Owners often worry whether the animal will be in pain during castration. We will try to answer this question in detail.

The operation itself is very simple and takes little time, from 2 to 5 minutes. But, due to the fact that the skin of the scrotum is dissected, it is currently not performed without anesthesia. Your veterinarian will make decisions about pain relief based primarily on humane considerations. After all the main objective The doctor’s goal is to help, not harm, the patient.

When castrating a cat, several types of anesthesia (anesthesia) are used:

• Non-inhalation
• Inhalation
• Local
• Combined

Depending on the condition of the animal, as well as on the operation protocol adopted in medical institution, a decision will be made to perform castration using one or another type of anesthesia. Let's look at each of them in detail.

- Non-inhalation anesthesia. The most common way to achieve pain relief when castrating a cat. Combinations of immobilizing (for example, Xyla, Rometar, Dexdomitor, Meditin, etc.) and painkillers (for example, Ketamine) drugs are used, or combined agents for anesthesia, containing components for sedation and pain relief (Telazol, Zoletil).
This type of anesthesia is used in most veterinary clinics, as well as when castrating a cat at home.

Non-inhalational anesthesia is safe for most cats, provided the dosage is correctly calculated. To determine the correct dose of anesthesia, it is necessary to know the weight of the animal. The degree of anesthesia (depth of anesthesia) depends on the volume of drugs administered.

Some breed groups of cats have hereditary predisposition to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which excludes the possibility of using drugs from the α-2-agonist group (xylazine, dexmedetomidine, medetomidine). Therefore, cats of the British Shorthair, Scottish, Canadian and Don Sphynx, Neva Masquerade, Maine Coon, Kuril Bobtail breeds require a preliminary cardiological examination. If HCM is detected based on the results of cardiac echo, it is recommended to choose a different method of anesthesia. Otherwise, the simplest operation can be fatal for the animal.

- Inhalation anesthesia (gas anesthesia). To date, this is the safest type of pain relief in animals. With the inhalation method of administering anesthesia in veterinary medicine, easily evaporating liquids (fluorothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, etc.) or narcotic gas (nitrous oxide, cyclopropane, etc.) are used. Gas is supplied to the patient's lungs through a mask or endotracheal tube and enters the circulatory system and causes deep and easily controlled anesthesia. It is eliminated almost completely through the lungs during breathing. Residues of the drug are eliminated by liver cells. Thus, gas anesthesia has no effect on the kidneys and can therefore be used in older animals. This type of anesthesia is also safe for cats with HCM.

Unfortunately, the equipment for inhalation anesthesia It is expensive and is available only in large veterinary clinics. The cost of the service is also quite high, so castration of a cat under gas anesthesia will cost more than with non-inhalation or local anesthesia.

- Local anesthesia. To castrate a cat, infiltration or epidural anesthesia with novocaine or lidocaine is performed. The solution is injected into/under the skin or into the epidural space spinal cord. For castration of a cat, this type of anesthesia is difficult to use, so it is often performed combined anesthesia.

- Combined anesthesia. Several types of anesthesia are used to achieve optimal and safe pain relief.
In the case of animals, any anesthesia is essentially combined. Thus, to install an endotracheal tube, it is necessary to first sedate (immobilize) the cat with intramuscular or intravenous administration xylazine or propofol - otherwise the cat will not give the opportunity to carry out the manipulation. To castrate a cat using local anesthesia, it is also necessary to first put it into a medicated sleep, and then anesthetize it by infiltrating the anesthetic into the skin or into the spinal cord.

And a few words about castration of a cat without anesthesia. Until the mid-19th century, pain relief was not used even for humans, let alone animals. The cats were castrated without anesthesia or any anesthesia, like other types of domestic animals. The operation is not so painful; death due to painful shock does not occur. The main thing in the procedure is to ensure reliable fixation of the animal. The cat was simply wrapped in a blanket or other thick fabric, or secured in felt boots and castrated without anesthesia.
Currently, castration of a cat without anesthesia is not carried out, mostly for humane reasons. If anesthesia is contraindicated, combined anesthesia or local anesthesia is used.

How is the operation performed?

The operation to castrate a cat is perhaps one of the simplest surgical interventions in veterinary medicine. With sufficient qualifications of the veterinarian, complications occur quite rarely.

The procedure for castrating a cat: upon reaching the required stage of anesthesia, the hair on the skin of the scrotum is shaved or plucked, and the surgical field is treated antiseptic solutions(70% alcohol, 5% alcohol solution of iodine, etc.), dissect the skin of the scrotum with a scalpel, extract and remove the testes. After this, the incision sites are treated with an antiseptic. Sutures are not placed on the skin to ensure the outflow of inflammatory exudate; the wounds are covered with a stable scab after 1-2 days and heal completely within a week.

The procedure for castrating a cat is clearly presented in the photographs:

Photo 1. Preparation of the surgical field: plucking the hair on the scrotum.

Photo 2. Preparation of the surgical field: treatment of the skin of the scrotum with 70% ethyl alcohol.

Photo 3. Skin incision with a scalpel.

Photos 4 and 5. The testis is separated from the common tunica vaginalis.

Photo 6. When castrating a cat “for a biological unit”, the spermatic cord is divided in two...

Photo 7. ... and cut the testis.

Photo 8. Castration of a cat for a biological unit: the resulting two parts spermatic cord connect with each other. Create 4-6 nodes.

Photo 9. Biological node.

Photo 10. Classic castration of a cat: removal of the testis from the wound.

Photo 11. Applying a ligature to the spermatic cord during classical castration of a cat.

Photo 12. After this, the testis, together with part of the spermatic cord, is cut off above the ligature.

Photo 13. After removal of the testes, the wound is treated antiseptics. IN in this case the wound was treated with Terramycin spray.

Methods and methods of cat castration

Currently, there are two methods to castrate a cat: surgical and medicinal.

Classical surgery for cat castration
Surgery is performed under anesthesia and always aims to remove the testes after cutting the scrotum. The only difference is in how to prevent bleeding. The main bleeding during castration of a cat can be from the spermatic cord (this is a neurovascular bundle in which an artery, vein, nerve, lymphatic vessel and vas deferens) after removal of the testicle.

There are two of these methods:

1. Ligation of the spermatic cord with surgical thread. With this method, absorbable or non-absorbable suture material is used, with which the surgeon ties the cord, preventing bleeding (photo 10-12).
2. Castration of a cat using a biological knot, when the spermatic cord itself is tied into a knot without using a ligature (photo 6-9).

The terms found on the Internet are “bloodless method of castration”, “ laparoscopic method castration”, “seamless method of castration”, etc. - nothing more than a marketing ploy to attract attention to the services of the creators of these “methods.”

Medical (chemical) castration of a cat
Choosing this method of castration allows you to do without anesthesia and surgical intervention. A Suprelorin implant is inserted under the animal's skin, the active substance of which is slowly absorbed and provides a long-lasting castration effect. The duration of action in cats is from six months to 3 years. If plans change and the cat needs to be bred earlier, the implant can be removed surgically.

I consider it necessary to warn about one unpleasant feature of the use of Suprelorin for the owner: during the first 3 weeks after the introduction of the implant, the cat will experience the opposite of the expected effect - libido increases, the cat yells and marks the territory even more strongly. This is due to the mechanism of action of the drug - first there is stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, and then there is a stable inhibition and castration effect. Therefore, if it is a priority quick fix sexual behavior, chemical castration is not the best method.

Installing an implant will be of interest to cattery owners who do not yet plan to breed a cat, but this may be necessary in the future.

Also this method recommended as an alternative to traditional surgical castration in case of detection of pathologies in which the use of anesthesia is contraindicated or undesirable (HCM, hepato-, nephropathy, old age of the animal).

Caring for a cat after surgery

A cat after castration requires some care. Many veterinary clinics offer a postoperative hospital service - the animal is placed in a separate box with an optimal microclimate, monitored until it completely recovers from anesthesia, and then released to the owners.

If your veterinary clinic does not provide such services, or if you decide to have your cat operated on at home, below are our recommendations for caring for your cat after neutering:

• To prevent vomiting and aspiration respiratory tract It is not recommended to feed the cat vomit within 24 hours after castration. Water can be offered 4-6 hours after the cat regains consciousness.
• While the animal is unconscious, it is better to place it on the floor. You should not place your cat on a sofa or table, because... he may fall while coming to his senses. In addition, spontaneous urination is possible during anesthesia, so it is advisable to lay down an absorbent diaper.
• Bright light causes irritation optic nerve upon recovery from anesthesia. If possible, create semi-darkness in the room by closing the curtains. This will make it more comfortable for the cat to wake up.
• During anesthesia, body temperature decreases by 1.0 o C-1.5 o C. To prevent hypothermia, especially if the room is cool, it is advisable to place the cat in the area of ​​the heating radiator, but not next to electrical appliances that have an open heating element. You can also use a plastic bottle filled with hot tap water (not boiling water!) - place the cat on a warm bedding, place the bottle next to it and cover the animal with a thick cloth, blanket, old sweater, etc. This recommendation refers to the cold season. In warm and hot weather, additional heating is not required.
• Cats under anesthesia are unable to blink, so before waking up it is recommended to periodically instill sterile saline, water for injection, liquid for contact lenses or eye drops without antibiotic (eg, Diamond Eyes).
• Duration deep sleep under anesthesia - from 15 to 120 minutes, depending on the method of administration and dose of the drugs. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the cat does not bury its nose somewhere and suffocate.
• When recovering from anesthesia, the cat may show aggression. For the next 24 hours, give the animal complete rest; do not try to forcefully wake him up. Try to limit access to the premises to other cats and dogs, and keep children away. The time to completely recover from the state of anesthesia varies from 6 hours to a day, depending on the individual characteristics of the body. When the cat comes to his senses, for some time (up to 8 hours) a shaky gait, lethargy, drowsiness, vomiting, and involuntary urination may be observed. This is a normal post-anesthesia state and there is no need to worry.
• The castration wound is not sutured, therefore, in order to avoid cat litter getting into it, it is advisable to reduce its layer to a minimum or even replace it with newspapers, an absorbent diaper or toilet paper for several days. This will prevent the entry of small particles and eliminate complications.
• During the first hours after surgery, the wound may become moistened with blood. Minor bleeding is acceptable and not dangerous for the animal. The wound can be dried with a sterile gauze pad. If there is significant bleeding (more than 1 ml), it is better to consult a veterinarian.
• Often cats are overly diligent in hygiene of the castration wound and can injure it with their rough tongue. To prevent self-injury, it is advisable to purchase and wear a protective collar for several days. It does not interfere with eating, but does not allow the cat to get to the wound.

Possible complications after castration of a cat

Typically, cats tolerate surgery well and complications after castration rarely occur. However, you should be wary and seek qualified help in the cases listed below.

• Bleeding from a wound. A few drops of blood appearing in the wound area are not a complication. If blood flows out actively or runs in a trickle, it is possible that the ligature has slipped off or a biological knot has come undone. In this case, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.
• Self-injury. If a cat actively licks the scrotum in the first days after castration, a complication may be a wound inflicted by the cat on itself during compulsive licking. To prevent this, it is enough to put a protective collar on the animal’s neck. The collar can be removed 3-5 days after surgery.
• Inflammation, wound suppuration, abscesses. In any veterinary clinic, during castration, a number of antiseptic procedures are carried out aimed at preventing such complications. In case of castration of a cat at home postoperative suppuration are not excluded due to insufficient sterility of the room, fecundity of the suture material, the doctor’s attitude towards his work, etc. If you suspect wound suppuration, contact your veterinarian immediately.
• Fistulas as a result of ligature rejection. Due to individual specific reaction suture material, the cat’s body may begin to reject it. After the operation, sometimes after several months, a fistula forms on the skin of the scrotum, from which the surgical thread may “peek out.” However, fistulas are rare in cats. Treatment is reoperation and removal of the ligature. Currently, most veterinarians prefer the non-ligation method of castration, so the percentage of such complications is vanishingly small.
• Urolithiasis disease(more precisely, lack of urination, obstruction of the urethra with sand). Urolithiasis itself has nothing to do with castration. Sand forms in the bladder in both castrated and non-castrated cats. However, after castration, especially when it is carried out at an early age, the lumen of the urethra narrows. Prevention of the formation of stones in the urine consists of proper feeding of the cat after castration. Read more below.

Cat castration and urolithiasis

Urolithiasis (urolithiasis) is the formation of soluble and insoluble stones (stones, sand) in the organs of the urinary system.

It is believed that this disease in cats is directly related to castration. However, it is not. Sand is formed due to insufficient balanced diet, low water consumption, and also due to sedentary lifestyle life in both castrated and non-castrated cats. But, due to the narrowing of the lumen of the urethra, in castrated men the risk of obstruction (blockage) with sand increases significantly. That is why we focus the issue on urolithiasis in cats after castration.

Symptoms of urethral obstruction in cats:

• the cat often sits in the tray for a long time,
• worries
• vocalizes pitifully (meows),
• after visiting the tray, the litter remains dry or slightly damp (the cat pees drop by drop),
• loss of appetite, refusal of water.

It is important to remember that the absence of urination for more than 12 hours is a reason to consult a veterinarian. Urine that can't find a way out Bladder, goes back to the kidneys, leading to irreversible damage.

To treat urolithiasis, a number of therapeutic and diagnostic procedures aimed at evacuating urine and determining the type of stones, symptomatic treatment and adjust the cat’s diet. When frequent relapses urethral obstruction, an operation is performed - urethrostomy.

Feeding a castrated cat to prevent urolithiasis
Treatment of a cat with urolithiasis is expensive, and in the case of urethrostomy, the result is also unpredictable, so it is better for the owner to listen to the recommendations for proper feeding castrated cat to prevent the formation of sand in urinary tract and preventing the development of the disease:

• A castrated cat must be fed special industrial feed. The main task of such food is to ensure sufficient water intake, which helps maintain urine acidity at a level of 6.0-7.0. This urinary pH range promotes the dissolution of tripelphosphates (the most common type of stones in cats) and prevents the formation of oxalates (insoluble stones).
• If for some reason the cat does not accept industrial dry and wet food, the owner should pay special attention to feeding homemade food. It is necessary to permanently exclude fish and seafood in any form from the diet, as well as anything that contains a lot of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.
• It is necessary to ensure that the cat drinks enough water. According to scientific research, a cat weighing 4-5 kg ​​should drink 150-200 ml per day clean water. When feeding dry food, even more water is required.
  Remember that low water consumption is a direct path to urolithiasis!

Cryptorchidism in cats

Cryptorchidism is an inherited genetic pathology of cat development, in which one or both testicles do not emerge into the scrotum, but remain in the groin under the skin or in the abdominal cavity.

And this - direct reading to the operation. The fact is that normal temperature to maintain testicular function it should be 1-1.5 degrees below the cat’s general body temperature. With cryptorchidism, the testicles are in an unnatural environment, which can lead to the development of testicular pathologies, including the development of a testicular tumor (seminoma). In addition, if only one testis is removed (the one located in the scrotum), there will be no effect from such castration - the second testis will continue to function and the cat’s sexual behavior will remain intact.

When examining a cryptorchid cat, the doctor determines the location of the undescended testicle. If the testis is in the inguinal canal, it is palpated under the skin in the lower abdomen. If palpation is unsuccessful, a ultrasonography in order to determine the location of the testicle in the abdominal cavity.

After determining the location of the pathological testis, castration is performed. A healthy testicle is removed in the generally accepted way, and a pathological one is removed from under the skin or from the abdominal cavity.

Castration of a cryptorchid cat costs more than regular castration, because much more work is required during this operation.

To perform the operation, it is better to contact a veterinary clinic. It is dangerous to castrate a cryptorchid at home due to low sterility. In addition, there are cases of outright hackwork by doctors providing services at home. It happens that cryptorchidism is detected already on the day of surgery, the doctor does not have it with him necessary tools, but he doesn't want to lose money. Therefore, without telling the owners anything, he simply removes one testicle from the scrotum, leaving the second inside the cat. The consequences are known - the cat continues to vocalize and mark, the owners, having not received an intelligible answer from their veterinarian (or simply not finding one), turn to another specialist at a veterinary clinic. And they are forced to pay for diagnostics and re-operation.

Castration of a cat at home 2200 rub.
"All inclusive"

No stitches, no pain and no stress

Have you thought about castrating your cat?! Call! It is possible to castrate a cat on the day of treatment. Qualified staff of veterinary surgeons, many years of experience. You need to provide a table for the operation in a lighted room. The doctor ensures sterility. Preparing a cat for castration: at least 8 - 12 hours of fasting. Castration of an older cat requires more careful preparation. It is necessary to understand whether the cat will withstand anesthesia. A blood test to determine the tolerance of anesthesia, or will make it clear whether the cat can undergo castration.

Why and when to castrate a cat?

Castration of a cat is a simple, safe and painless way to get rid of unpleasant odor urine all over the house and animal screams. Optimal age castration of a cat - from 8 months to 2 years. After castration, cats no longer have the desire to mark their territory, meow all day and night, and the animal becomes more docile. Moreover, the absence of reproductive organs does not leave psychological trauma, as many people think. The instinct to want a cat disappears after 2-3 weeks after castration. This is due to sex hormones, which gradually leave the cat’s blood. Castrating a cat at home is safe, inexpensive and sterile. The safety of the operation is ensured by high-quality consumables and extensive experience of veterinarians.

Castrate a cat at home in Moscow, price

Cost of castration of a cat at home 2200 rub. The price already includes anesthesia for a cat up to 5 kg, cat castration surgery, Consumables. This is all you need to castrate a cat. A veterinarian's visit to a home inside the Moscow Ring Road costs 500 rubles, outside - calculated based on the cost of 50 rubles per km.

Additional services, if you need them:

• Ultrasound, ECHO of the heart for a cat - 2500 rubles. (If you doubt the tolerance of anesthesia. Recommended for British, Scottish and older cats);
• Introduction to anesthesia using a catheter - 1000 rubles;
• European anesthesia - 1000 rubles;
• Removing a cat from anesthesia - 1000 rubles;
• Cat declawing - 4,000 rubles (two paws). (Operation “Soft Paws” + castration is the optimal option; with a single administration of anesthesia, we perform two operations);
• Postoperative collar - 500 rubles.

You shouldn't skimp on your pet's health. We use only high quality veterinary drugs, we approach each furry friend individually, taking into account his breed and age characteristics.

How to castrate a cat at home

Seamless to astration of the cat

Castration of a cat occurs within 30 minutes. This time takes into account the introduction of the animal into anesthesia and shaving of the operation site. Castration itself takes no more than 10 minutes of the total time. When castrating cats using seamless technology, postoperative period goes unnoticed. As soon as the anesthesia completely leaves the blood, the cat will again be joyful and usually playful. The more fluid enters his body, the faster medicine leaves the animal's blood.

pros seamless technology for castration of cats indisputable: You will not need to contact the veterinarian twice to remove the stitches, injuring the animal. The wound heals quickly and painlessly. Does not require careful processing.

Castration of a cat, care after surgery

It is important to follow all the rules for caring for a neutered cat in the postoperative period.

• Treatment of the castration site is not required, since there is no suture;
• One-time antibiotic therapy - done at the request of the owner veterinarian immediately after castration. Not required, but recommended;
• Replace the litter in the cat's litter box from dusty (wood) to silica gel, or simply lay down newspaper. This measure is necessary to ensure that dust from the litter does not stick to the cat’s wound;
• If your cat is actively licking a wound, put a collar on him for 5-6 days.

A small, fluffy ball - this is exactly what a kitten looks like in the eyes of a child and many adults at the time of its acquisition. However, over time and, accordingly, as the cat grows up, it becomes clear that it is necessary to determine later life this pet, namely: decide whether to castrate the animal?

Unneutered cat: possible problems

Perhaps in the first year of your cat’s life the question of whether to castrate him will not arise urgently, but with the arrival of the first spring you will increasingly begin to think about this question. Most often, cats who rarely go outside, whether voluntarily or at the whim of their owners, begin to mark territory. Most often, pets don’t even care where to do it. Both ordinary slippers and an expensive sofa can be completely damaged.

It is noteworthy that cats, unlike cats, are more intrusive in their desires. So, caring owner seeing him pet is suffering, most likely will offer the cat:

• go outside and find a cat there yourself;
• bring a couple into the house or send them on a date.

In the case when the first option does not work, the second also may not always fully satisfy you. Often, it is not enough for cats to enjoy one meeting, and they continue to behave obscenely. In addition, in most cases, in addition to marking territory, animals vocalize songs loudly. It is at such moments that the question of whether an animal should be castrated becomes especially acute.

Owners often face the question: should they spay or neuter their cat? Veterinarians have their own opinion on this matter. Castration is an operation, in which incisions are made in the scrotum and the animal's testes are completely removed. Sterilization is simply tying off the spermatic cords. In the latter case, the animal tolerates the whole process more easily, however, if the owner’s goal is to prevent the animal from marking and yelling, this option should be excluded. After sterilization, the cat will not be able to have offspring, but all his bad habits will remain.

If you have a cat, veterinarians advise choosing castration. The operation is more complicated, but everyone will be happy after it. Castrating a cat is more dangerous, as there is a risk of complications.

Experts say that there is only a short period of time when castration is desirable. This is a cat's age from 7 months to 7 years. There is one more nuance: sometimes age depends on the breed. Some cats reach sexual maturity much later than their relatives.

Some owners doubt it until the last moment and hope that the pills and drops that are said to relieve anxiety will work. But, in the vast majority of cases, in the end, they still decide to castrate their domestic cats.

How to prepare for surgery

Any vet will tell you what to do this procedure necessary before the first “mating” of the animal. Otherwise, the cat will still have a slight desire, because the pituitary gland continues to produce sex hormones, and your pet already remembers exactly how it was and from time to time will want to continue.

When choosing a place where the animal will undergo surgery, you should still give preference to veterinary clinics. Despite the fact that the procedure will take about 30 minutes, it is better to do it under special conditions. Staying is also important loved one in the first hours after the procedure.

The following tips will help:

It is important to understand that if an animal is neutered, its behavior may be a little unpredictable. Some cats begin to lead their usual lifestyle within a few days, while others become ill. And it doesn’t matter what health your pet has, there is an opinion that this happens due to psychological discomfort.

Before deciding on castration, it is important to know what to do this operation It is undesirable for animals that constantly roam freely on the street. Remember that, despite the procedure, he will most likely still have habits. In the first days after the procedure, he will already want to walk in the company of cats. It is unlikely that the owners will be able to keep them from going outside, and outside the home territory it is too high risk of getting an infection, because the wound has not yet healed. And in the future the cat will have a hard time.

Everyone chooses the option that suits them best. In any case, it is worth assessing all the pros and cons, and only then decide on such important step.