The effect of massage on the state of the body during hypotomy. Therapeutic techniques used

There are primary or neurocirculatory, hypotension and secondary or symptomatic. Massage helps reduce the manifestations of the disease.

Massage for arterial hypotension

Primary hypotension occurs due to functional disorders of the higher parts of the central nervous system that regulate the motor activity of blood vessels. Characterized by the predominance of inhibition processes. Neuropsychic and physical stress plays a significant role in this.

Secondary hypotension occurs due to functional disorders of the nervous and cardiovascular systems that arise after infectious and peptic ulcer, traumatic brain injuries, with functional disorders glands internal secretion and etc.

During the process of recovery from the underlying disease, blood pressure also normalizes. The disease manifests itself:

feeling general weakness, lethargy;
headache varying intensity and localization;
dizziness, with the intention to quickly change the position of the body - darkening in the eyes;
increased irritability, insomnia;
unpleasant sensations in the heart area;
decreased blood pressure and pulse lability with a tendency to bradycardia;
decreased performance.

The task of massage

normalize functional state somatic and autonomic nervous system;
improve the neuropsychic status and resistance of the body to negative influence environmental factors;
speed up recovery from diseases that lower blood pressure;
contribute to the elimination clinical manifestations diseases.

Indications for massage: neurocirculatory dystonia of the hypotonic type, symptomatic hypotension.

Contraindications for massage:

heavy general state sick;
significant reduction blood pressure(below 90/60 mmHg;
exacerbation of clinical symptoms;
general contraindications.

Massage plan

Collar area massage.
Massage of paravertebral and reflexogenic zones of innervation of S5-S1 L5-L1 spinal segments.
Massage of the pelvis, abdomen and lower limbs.

Back massage

Massage technique

The collar area is massaged with the patient sitting at a massage table or riding on a chair, with the head resting on the headrest or the patient's hands. Massage of the collar area includes: massage of the posterior and lateral cervical areas, scapular subclavian deltoid areas.

Planar and enveloping stroking of the posterior and lateral cervical areas begins from the upper nuchal line and the spine. Movements are directed towards the shoulders and shoulder blades. Hands move sequentially or parallel.

Spiral rubbing of the back of the head, mastoid processes, posterior and lateral cervical, scapular, subclavian, deltoid areas. The following rubbing sequence is effective: occipital region- sawing, lateral and posterior cervical areas - straight rubbing with fingers, trapezius muscle ( top edge) – enveloping rubbing with the entire palm or intersection. The brushes move in parallel, in opposite phases.

Rubbing VII cervical vertebra: circular rubbing of the spinous process, with the thumb - in a spiral manner or with several fingers from the vertebra outwards by 2-2.5 cm and returning back in the same way. Thus, a massage is carried out in the form of the rays of the sun (“sun”). The speed of movement and the force of pressing gradually increase.

Kneading, pressing, shifting the trapezius and large chest muscles. The edges of the trapezius muscle, deltoid muscles are massaged with longitudinal and transverse kneading, the sternocleidomastoid muscles are massaged with forceps-like kneading.

By deeply grasping the muscles or pressing on them, they thoroughly knead both the superficial and deep layers all the way from the point of origin to the point of attachment. The deep muscles are massaged using spiral rubbing. All these techniques alternate with stroking.

If there is a headache, a head massage is performed: rake-like stroking and rubbing in circular directions along the scalp, shifting and stretching the skin sagittally and frontally. The area where the headache is localized is massaged additionally.

Parovertebral zones are massaged with the patient lying on his stomach. Massage of the spinal zones is carried out from below to the overlying spinal segments S5-S1 and L5-L1: planar stroking, rubbing with spiral fingers, shading, rake-like rubbing of the interspinous spaces, spiral rubbing with the fingers of the spinous processes, sacral bone. Knead the long back muscles by shifting, pressing, stretching with the fingers, the supporting part of the hand, or using a rake.

Massage of the gluteal areas is performed:

superficial and deep stroking;
rubbing muscles, sawing, crossing, shading;
longitudinal and transverse comb-like kneading, displacement, pressing with a hand, fist, or a weighted hand. Pressure force and range of movements gradually increase.
slow, then fast shaking of the muscles, patting, chopping;
ridges iliac bones- spiral rubbing with fingers;
Finish the massage of the area of the sciatic nerve with stroking.

Lower limb massage

The lower limbs are massaged with the patient in the supine position, and a cushion is placed under the knees. Perform:

planar stroking of the foot, superficial and deep grasping stroking of the lower leg and thigh with two hands, moving parallel or sequentially in the direction of the inguinal lymph nodes;
rubbing with the palmar surface of both hands placed parallel in opposite directions;
rubbing spiral or straight with a brush or fist of one or two hands;
comb-like rubbing, sawing of the thigh area;
transverse and longitudinal kneading, felting the muscles of the lower leg and thigh;
patting, chopping, shaking, shaking the lower limb;
stroking at the end and between techniques.

The abdomen is massaged with the patient in the supine position, and a cushion is placed under the knees. Perform a massage with planar superficial and deep stroking clockwise around the navel to the periphery. Continue with grasping superficial and deep stroking of the lateral surfaces of the abdomen. Then they stroke above the navel, directing the movement to the axillary lymph nodes. Further down - to the inguinal lymph nodes.

Massaging the anterior abdominal wall, kneading by rolling the skin and muscles, cross kneading with both hands from pubic bone up.

The oblique abdominal muscles are kneaded by clasping them with your hands, shifting, stretching and squeezing. The crests of the iliac bones are rubbed in a spiral manner, then the anterior abdominal wall is massaged by chopping, beating, patting.

The abdomen is shaken in the transverse and longitudinal directions and vibration stroking is performed. Finish with stroking.

The procedure continues - 15-20 minutes during the course of treatment - 15-20 procedures every other day. Massage procedures are combined with physical exercise and physiotherapeutic procedures.

Is it possible to do massage with high or low blood pressure and hypotension?

Physiotherapy today is considered an effective way to normalize blood pressure. Previously it was believed that carrying out such a procedure with high blood pressure is prohibited, and self-massage cannot be done if you have hypertension, but today the opinion of doctors has changed. For hypotension, massage helps stabilize blood pressure and improves the patient’s well-being. To obtain the desired effect, it is important to know about the rules of the procedure.

The effect of a massage procedure on normalizing blood pressure

With hypertension, high blood pressure levels are observed, the values of which can exceed 140/110. With hypotension, the situation is the opposite, the pressure is below normal at the border of 100/60 or less, which is also the cause of poor health.

With high blood pressure, a person experiences a sharp deterioration in health. He may suffer from headaches, chest discomfort, tinnitus, and spots in the eyes. When arterial hypertension appears and very high performance the consequences can be sad, which can result in a stroke, heart attack or even death of a person. A characteristic symptom with low blood pressure there is apathy, weakness, fatigue.

Carrying out a massage helps improve blood circulation and vascular tone, and relieves spasms in problem areas.

As a result, the patient’s condition and blood pressure indicators are normalized. It is important that the massage is carried out by a competent specialist who has knowledge of anatomical features and massage techniques in different situations, otherwise the patient's condition may worsen. For high blood pressure, the session involves only a targeted impact in compliance with the rules of working with the patient.

Head massage for low blood pressure and hypotension

A head massage is performed to increase blood pressure by relieving vascular spasms and improving blood supply. The procedure involves simultaneous use of the fingers of both hands. Start the session with the area ears, moving using circular movements to the base of the skull and back of the head. Gradually work out the entire surface of the head.

Rules for preparing for massage

Any massage involves preliminary preparation of the patient for the procedure, the incorrect implementation of which can weaken the effect as a result of a reflex effect. The procedure is done in special place, intended for a session during which the massage therapist stands.

The process looks like this:

the patient prepares for the procedure by removing excess clothing;
the patient lies down on a special massage couch;
The specialist begins smooth stroking.

After preliminary preparation, the massage therapist smoothly moves on to the technique, massaging and rubbing certain areas or carrying out a targeted effect, depending on the goals.

Therapeutic techniques used

Today there are several techniques, each of which involves use at low or high pressure. IN mandatory A person with experience is selected for the treatment and the procedure must be carried out by a qualified doctor.

It is worth inquiring about availability in advance. special education Check with a specialist, available certificates, and study reviews from previous clients.

Massage treatment and the possibility of prescribing it are determined by the attending physician depending on the clinical picture. The session is carried out only if the patient’s condition is satisfactory.

All massage techniques are based on influencing the patient’s body, as a result of which the appearance of reflexes is provoked, leading to the narrowing or dilation of blood vessels.

Classical

The technique involves stroking and rubbing. If the technique is performed correctly, the patient relaxes and the nervous system becomes less excitable.

As a result, tension is relieved from the walls of blood vessels and blood pressure is normalized. After a classic massage, you can expect a decrease in headaches, dizziness, the feeling of nausea and pulsation in the temples with hypertension disappears.

With reduced pressure, the condition stabilizes due to improved tissue nutrition and enrichment with oxygen.

The following movements are used:
stroking - helps improve metabolic tissues, can be varied, including intermittent; rubbing - raises tone, depending on the intensity and strength of movements, excites or calms;
nervous system
kneading - helps to activate the movement of blood and lymph, can be longitudinal or transverse;

vibrations - can affect deep layers, as well as internal organs.

The classical technique always assumes a certain sequence with zones. The procedure begins with the cervical-collar region and ends with the abdominal area.

Spot The procedure involves targeted action on certain points. In most cases, they are responsible for the work of a specific body human body

or capable of influencing it. This technique requires a lot of knowledge and experience working with patients.

When performing acupressure, it is important to follow the following rules:
accurately determine the point of influence;
use pressure and vibration movements;
The duration of the procedure varies from 30 to 40 minutes;

The duration of exposure to the point is from 3 to 5 seconds. Massage can be carried out by influencing active points located on the neck, head and legs. At correct technique

During the procedure, the patient experiences a slight sensation of pleasant warmth at the point of pressure.

The specialist pays special attention to those areas of the body that are directly related to the passage nerve pathways. The impact is on the vasomotor centers, which include the head, neck and collar area. In most cases, it tries to alternate areas.

Before starting the procedure, the specialist measures pressure indicators, and if they acceptable value a session is scheduled.

If the blood pressure is too high or the blood pressure is too low, the session is postponed. Consistently large deviations from the norm are the reason for refusal of physical procedures and require therapeutic intervention.

Effective methods involve exposure to each of them for 1 minute. For high blood pressure, the duration of the physiotherapy procedure should not be more than 15 minutes. The massage is carried out in courses, the number of sessions is determined by the attending physician. On average, patients are prescribed 15 procedures. It is important to use the services of a qualified specialist and not skip appointments. Even if there is a lasting result, you cannot immediately abandon drug treatment.

For the collar area

The patient being massaged is located on a chair, his head is placed on clasped hands located on the table. This pose allows you to relax the muscles of your back and neck as much as possible. Movements are performed only in the up and down direction.

The technique involves:

stroking;
rubbing;
spiral movements;
imitation of chopping and sawing movements.

When performing massage movements, the impact force is on average 3 times less compared to other areas. Finish the massage with light strokes.

For the back

Massage relieves spasms in the back muscles and normalizes well-being. All movements are performed only in the direction from the back of the head to the corner of each shoulder blade.

The sequence of influence is as follows:

rubbing is carried out in a straight line, then spiral movements are imitated;
the area is warmed up with fingertips;
the spinous processes are affected;
the first step is repeated.

The session ends with light stroking movements.

For the neck

Kneading the neck relieves spasms and improves blood circulation, which leads to normalization of blood pressure. The specialist performs stroking in the area of the appendix and lymph nodes, sequentially moving to pectoral muscle, sternum and ribs.

The chin and collarbone are subjected to massage movements. When working we use:

traditional stroking;
pinching movements;
rubbing;
creating vibration.

The massage is completed with stroking movements.

For the head

The massage is performed on the patient, who during the procedure lies on his stomach, and his head is in his hands during the session. Movements begin from the crown, moving towards the back of the head, forehead and temples.

The following movements are used in the process:

light stroking with open fingers;
imitation of zigzags and circles with your fingertips;
light rubbing.

After performing a massage in these areas, the patient turns over and the forehead area is affected, starting from the midline towards the temples. Finish the session with circular rubbing movements in the temple area.

Self-massage for hypotension

At home, if there are no serious health risks, you can perform self-massage. This method is effective when it is necessary to increase blood pressure without resorting to outside help. The massage technique involves carrying out a general direction of influence.

Particular attention is paid to the lower extremities, abdominal area and lumbosacral area.

In order to increase the pressure, use the following movements:

intermittent stroking;
rubbing at a vigorous pace;
active kneading;
intermittent vibration.

Low pressure massage should be intense and force you to increase tone. It is recommended to do a daily morning massage of the feet, neck and shoulders, which will “start” the blood supply processes and the functioning of vital systems. Physiotherapy to harden the body will help increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the procedure, which will increase blood circulation and help improve vascular tone.

Contraindications

Before conducting a massage course, consultation with the attending physician and permission to conduct it are required. The possibility of massage for hypertension is often determined by the form of the disease. Primary stage is typical for 95% of cases, and often the pathology is caused by stress and bad habits. It is with this form of the disease that massage will be effective.

In the secondary form, physiotherapy is ineffective or can provoke an even greater increase in blood pressure.

Contraindications for appointments:

hypertensive crisis;
last stage of hypertension;
tendency to bleeding, problems with blood clotting;
tuberculosis;
tumor formations;
heart pathologies requiring surgical intervention.

A disorder may be a contraindication to massage procedures. digestive system. Physiotherapy is not performed if there are injuries, pathological or purulent diseases skin. The ban is imposed by mental disorders, depression or fever.

Features of massage for low blood pressure

A massage that is aimed at increasing blood pressure and relieving a person of unpleasant symptoms such as a feeling of weakness and lethargy, headache or dizziness, and decreased performance will help with hypotension. Can be used in different massage techniques, but which one will be most effective in a particular case, a specialist will help determine.

Massage procedures will be useful in case of such diagnoses as:

Primary physiological neurocirculatory dystonia of hypotonic type. It is associated with prolonged psycho-emotional stress, including stress, various mental traumas or closed injury skulls It usually affects young people and teenagers.
Secondary pathological or chronic symptomatic hypotension. The secondary form develops against the background of other diseases, including stomach ulcers or duodenum, diseases of the endocrine and respiratory systems or blood circulation, intoxication of the body.

What's the benefit?

Properly performed massage with parallel technique medications helps:

gradually increase the pressure;
reduce headaches;
normalize the functioning of the cardiovascular system;
improve a person’s psycho-emotional state;
reduce the risk of crises.

The effect of a massage will only be if it is done regularly, so skipping sessions is highly undesirable.

Massage techniques

For hypotension, four types of massage are used:

Classical

With this massage they treat bottom part back, pelvis, lower limbs and abdomen. The main tool is the hands of a massage therapist. During the session the following techniques are used:

Stroking. This technique always begins and ends the massage. It can also be used in between other techniques. Stroking is carried out so that there is no pain and the skin does not gather in folds. When stroking, two hands are involved, which move alternately. They should glide over the skin. Deep stroking affects the lymphatic and circulatory system. If it is intermittent, it has a stimulating effect on the nervous system, and if it is continuous, it reduces the excitability of tactile receptors.
Rubbing. With such manipulations, the underlying tissues shift in different directions, and skin folds form in front of the massage therapist’s hands. Rub the skin using your fingers, the ulnar edge of the palm or the supporting part of the hand. This technique has a tonic effect, which, depending on the intensity, reduces or increases the excitability of the central nervous system.
Kneading. They involve impact on muscles. To do this, grab the skin with your hand and pull it back. The pace of administration should be slow and not cause pain syndrome at the client's.
Vibration or shaking. These are oscillatory movements that are performed at different speeds and amplitudes. They affect not only the skin and muscles, but also the deeper layers of tissue, as well as internal organs.

The algorithm for performing classical massage for hypotension is presented below:

First the back is massaged. The patient is in a sitting or lying position on his stomach. The procedure begins with longitudinal stroking from the pelvis up to the shoulder blades. Next, they begin kneading, which is done with the fingertips, making pincer-like movements. In this way, the long back muscles are massaged. Next, they begin rubbing, which is done using the pads of four fingers, especially paying attention to the lumbar area. Rubbing is carried out in all directions from spinal column. Finish the back massage with stroking.
Continue the session with a pelvic massage. The patient lies on his stomach and stretches his arms along the body. In the area of the buttocks, first use superficial and deep strokes, then rub them in different directions, knead them, shake the muscles, and pat them. Finish the massage in this area by stroking the area of the sciatic nerve.
Then move on to massage calf muscles. The patient lies on his back, and a cushion is placed under the knee. The massage therapist begins by stroking the foot, then superficially and deeply begins to massage the legs and thighs with stroking movements, moving towards the inguinal lymph nodes. After warming up, begin rubbing the lower extremities, kneading and shaking. The massage ends with stroking.
The abdomen is massaged clockwise around the navel to the sides with stroking movements. Then the area above the navel is stroked towards the axillary lymph nodes. Next they go down to the area below the navel and massage this area towards the inguinal lymph nodes. The session is completed by rubbing the muscles with your fingers, kneading and stroking.

Canning

This massage is performed using a small glass container. It is attached to the skin using a vacuum and, without removing it from it, a massage is performed. Move the jar with continuous movements carried out along the spine from bottom to top - from the lumbar region to cervical spine.

This type of massage has high efficiency, so it is carried out infrequently - once a week is enough. The course lasts about 2 months.

Stone massage

This is a massage using alternating hot and cold stones, which relaxes muscles and has a beneficial effect on the vascular system. In this case, the specific effect depends on the stone:

hot stone massage warms and relaxes muscles, dilates blood vessels, improves blood circulation, strengthens metabolic processes, normalizes a person’s state of mind;
Cold stone massage causes constriction of capillaries and blood vessels, increases muscle tone, and enhances the enrichment of blood with oxygen.

In general, stone massage regulates the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, reduces the symptoms of hypotension - relieves pain, strengthens immune system, restores the psycho-emotional state.

Spot

All of the listed types of massage are performed with the help of a specialist. But what if you can’t make an appointment or don’t have time to take the course? Then you should pay attention to acupressure. This type of massage can be performed independently at home, but provided that you know exactly the location of the necessary active points that excite the nervous system and thereby increase blood pressure.

Acupressure algorithm:

Start with points located in the area carotid artery. They are easy to find - you need to place your hand below the extreme point of the jaw on the left side and feel the pulsation. In this place, apply 3 intense pressures for 10 seconds with breaks. Then press on the point on the other side.
Press on points located on the occipital protuberances. Each of them is affected for 1–2 minutes.
In the central zone, the palms press on the active point for 2 minutes, and then to the right and left of it.
Next, they act on a point located on the inside of the forearm. It is located above the wrist by the width of the palm. Press it intensely for 2 minutes.
And the last point is on the back between the left shoulder blade and the spine. Exposure time - 2 minutes.

In order not to make a mistake with the location of the active points, you should consult with a specialist and get instructions from him, and only then proceed to perform the massage yourself.

Contraindications

Despite all the benefits, massage for hypotension should not be performed in the following cases:

against the background of the development of a hypotensive crisis;
with pressure readings below 90/60 mmHg;
for various skin diseases;
if there are mental disorders.

So, many massage techniques, when performed correctly and regularly, help normalize blood pressure and get rid of unpleasant symptoms that make life difficult for hypotensive patients. Of course, it is advisable to make an appointment with a specialist, because illiterate independent actions can only aggravate the condition.

Does acupressure help with hypotension?

Massage for hypotension is one of the most effective means, helping to increase vascular tone, normalize blood circulation and get rid of the negative manifestations of low blood pressure. In the process of mechanical influences on various areas body, in the skin, muscles, ligaments, tendons and blood vessels irritation of nerve endings occurs, which causes a response from the body and all its organs. In addition, highly active substances are produced in the tissues, which improve metabolic processes and accelerate the movement of lymph and blood in the body. Massage optimizes heart function, tones blood vessels, and facilitates the outflow of venous blood.

For hypotension, the use of various massage techniques helps relieve headaches, normalize the state of the nervous system and blood levels. blood pressure. In addition, massage helps to mobilize the body’s internal forces to fight diseases that cause pathological hypotension.

Types of massage for hypotension

With low blood pressure, the massage should be energetic and tonic, so it is best done in the morning.

There are many types of massage, and the purpose of any of them for hypotension is to increase vascular tone, improve blood circulation and ease the work of the heart.

Segmental reflex massage. The method is based on the impact on certain areas of the body and spinal cord. Due to stroking and kneading, blood and lymph are “squeezed out” from the vessels and the speed of their flow increases. Using the techniques of “chopping,” beating, and patting, they irritate nerve endings skin, and has a tonic effect on blood vessels and capillaries.

Chinese acupressure massage

Acupressure for hypotension is carried out by pressing on the main bioactive points located on:

inner sides of the legs;
on the wrists;
forearms;
feet

This improves heart function and normalizes vascular tone. Based on the patient’s sensations, the massage therapist can choose the most effective areas of treatment from all possible.

Self-massage for hypotension

To normalize blood pressure and improve well-being, you can use self-massage techniques for the head, lumbar region, hips, legs and feet, abdomen and cervical-collar area. Techniques such as stroking, rubbing, kneading, and vibration are used. Before using the techniques yourself, consultation and training with a specialist is necessary. It is important to note that massage must be prescribed by your doctor and performed by a qualified specialist. During the procedure, the massage therapist pays attention to the patient’s reactions and sensations.

Basic massage techniques

In addition to the positive effect on the nervous and cardiovascular system, massage has a restorative effect and improves the psycho-emotional state of a patient suffering from low blood pressure.

The basic techniques are:

stroking - flat, grasping, forceps-shaped, rake-shaped, cross-shaped, comb-shaped - improves metabolic processes in tissues and has a calming effect on the nervous system;
rubbing – pincer-shaped, intermittent, rake- and comb-shaped, “sawing”, “chopping” – have a tonic effect, increase or decrease the excitability of the nervous system, depending on the intensity of the effect;
kneading - longitudinal, transverse, intermittent, stretching, rolling, shifting - activate blood and lymph flow, normalize the functioning of the central nervous system;
vibrations - labile, continuous, shaking - have an impact on the deep layers of tissue and internal organs.

During the massage process, the specialist combines various techniques and their varieties. During the session, he monitors the patient’s sensations and also regulates the intensity and duration of the effect.

Sequence of the procedure

During the massage against hypotension, the cervical-collar region, lumbosacral region, muscles of the buttocks, abdomen and lower extremities are worked out. If you have headaches, massage the head area.

Cervical-collar area. The posterior and lateral areas of the neck, scapular, and subclavian areas are worked on. The direction of the massage movements is towards the shoulders and shoulder blades. Techniques: stroking (spiral, grasping, straight), rubbing, sawing, pressing and kneading.

Lumbar region. The spinal zones, spinous processes, and long back muscles are massaged. Techniques: stroking, rake-like rubbing, shading, kneading the back muscles by pressing and shifting.
Gluteal region. Techniques: deep and superficial stroking, shading, sawing, comb-like kneading, rubbing, displacement, patting, chopping, shaking.
Lower limbs. Worked one by one: thighs, calf muscles, soles. Techniques: grasping stroking, rubbing (spiral, straight, comb-shaped), kneading (transverse, longitudinal), patting, shaking.
Abdomen area. Massage the anterior abdominal wall, lateral surfaces of the abdomen, and oblique muscles. Techniques: clockwise stroking, horseshoe squeezing, single and double circular kneading, stroking, spiral rubbing, sawing, shaking.

Physical activity, exercise in the fresh air, and water treatments will help you overcome the unpleasant symptoms of low blood pressure and always be in a cheerful mood.

Massage technique for hypotension

In the treatment and prevention of hypotension, there are different methods of massage.

In other cases, general massage is more effective.

For secondary prevention hypotension, massage of the lumbosacral region, gluteal muscles, lower extremities and abdomen is indicated.

Sequence of massage

1. The starting position of the patient is lying on his stomach.

2. The massage should begin with the lumbosacral region and gluteal muscles. Direct the movements from top to bottom, and on the lower back - from the spine to the ilia. The following techniques are performed: combined stroking with both hands (4–5 times), palm squeezing on the long muscles (4–6 times), kneading with the edge of the palm and pincer (3–4 times each), double circular kneading on the latissimus muscles (3–4 times), shaking (2-3 times).

3. After this, perform circular rubbing along the spine with the fingertips of both hands (4–6 times), squeezing (3–4 times), stroking (4–6 times). Consistently repeat the described techniques 3-4 times, after which they move on to massage the back surface of the lower extremities.

4. Perform plane and grasping stroking of the legs and thighs (5 times), rubbing the muscles of the legs and thighs (3 times), longitudinal and transverse kneading (3 times), vibration stroking (2 times). Massage first one, then the other leg.

5. Then the patient assumes a supine position. A massage is performed on the anterior surface of the lower extremities with following techniques: planar and grasping stroking of the legs and thighs (4–5 times), rubbing with the palmar surface of the hand, fingertips (3–4 times), longitudinal and transverse kneading (2–3 times), vibration stroking (3–4 times) . Finish by shaking the limbs.

The room in which the massage is performed must be well ventilated in advance.

The air temperature in it should be comfortable for the patient.

6. The procedure is completed with a massage of the abdomen, while the patient slightly bends his legs in knee joints. At this stage, the following openings should be performed: flat circular superficial and deep stroking (5–6 times), enveloping stroking of the upper half of the abdomen to the axillary lymph nodes, and the lower half to the inguinal lymph nodes (3–4 times), rubbing with fingertips and the elbow edge palms (3–5 times), longitudinal and transverse kneading (2–3 times). The entire set of techniques, following the sequence, can be repeated 2-3 times, but the total duration of the procedure should not exceed 20 minutes. The recommended course is 15–20 procedures, they should be carried out every other day.

Every hypotensive patient must know how to quickly increase blood pressure without the use of medications at home. One of the very effective methods This is what massage is for.

Reasons for low blood pressure

Statistics show that women are more prone to such ailments as hypotension. The presence of hypotension is indicated primarily by low blood pressure (100 over 60 in women, 110 over 70 in men). What are the main reasons for low blood pressure?

Why is it so important to quickly increase blood pressure?

Low blood pressure quickly becomes the cause of other problems - fatigue, constant physical weakness, insomnia, frequent dizziness, headache, irritability, neurosis, shortness of breath, anemia, etc.

Acupressure

Anyone can master acupressure and at any time increase blood pressure with massage at home, or help their loved ones. There are points on our body that can be quickly helped by massaging them.

A dot in the center of the crown.
A point located at the back approximately 4 cm above the hairline.
On inside wrist 15 mm below the fold that marks the base thumb.
Points located 8-10 cm above the ankle.
Points located on back side wrists, parallel to points No. 3.
In a small depression, which is in a straight line from the middle finger next to points No. 5.
The point is located at the end of the fold near the elbow, which appears when the arm is bent.
Another one is located in the inner recess above the heel at the edge of the foot.
A couple of centimeters below point No. 8 there is another point.
The next point is located under the lower corner of the nail of the middle finger.
There is also a point near the base of the big toe on the inner side of the leg.
Two fingers below the knee and closer to outer surface one and a half centimeters.
Points located in the lower corners of the subclavian fossa.
The point between the thumb and index finger, when pressed, a painful sensation occurs.

The points need to be kneaded by applying slight pressure for one minute. It is not at all necessary to massage all these points; you can choose several that are right for you.

Other exercises that are very convenient to perform in a sitting position will also help with hypotension.

For low blood pressure, an exercise called “Putting up the heavens with your palms” helps a lot. To do this, you need to sit comfortably on a chair and stretch your hands to the top, as if you were supporting the sky. You need to stay in this position for half a minute. If this is difficult for you, you should rub your palms thoroughly, clasp your fingers and put your hands on the back of your head. Sit for half a minute.

Massaging your feet and head is also great for low blood pressure. You need to pull your earlobes slightly upward and rub them, and then lightly rub your head with the pads of your bent fingers. You need to gently massage the neck and occipital area in different directions. It also wouldn’t hurt to rub the “large vertebra” with your fingertips. It is located at the base of the neck and finding it is not difficult.

Having thoroughly rubbed your palms, place one on the back of your head and the other on your forehead. You need to sit in this position until the feeling of pleasant warmth disappears. After this, rub your palms again and place one on your chest and the other on your forehead and hold in this position for several minutes.

Eyebrows can be lightly pinched, starting from the bridge of the nose to the temples, and to the point that is located between the tip of the nose and upper lip, press lightly several times. You can also rub it with your middle finger. After the head massage is completed, you should rub your feet one against the other until a pleasant feeling of warmth appears.

To massage the chest area well, you need to put your hand on your hand and start rubbing chest area in a clockwise direction. In this case, the radius of rotation should be constantly increased, and then decreased.

Massage technique

Massage allows you to normalize the functioning of the departments that are responsible for the functions of blood vessels. It is also important that this procedure has a reflex effect on the human nervous system. Also, quite often, massage is used for hypertension.

The massage procedure begins with the lumbar region, which is stroked, moving from the pelvis to the area of the shoulder blades. Next, squeeze out with your palm, followed by kneading. The massage therapist also does circular kneading and shaking. Having completed the complex of kneading and shaking, they begin to thoroughly rub the lower back, moving along the ridge. All these movements are repeated several times.

Additionally, they massage the pelvic area, sacral area and hips. When massaging the pelvic area, massage movements such as squeezing, stroking, circular kneading, and then squeezing and kneading again are used. The massage is completed with stroking and shaking.

Rubbing is diligently used when massaging the sacral region. All movements are made in a circle or in straight lines. It is very convenient to do this with the pads of your thumbs and the ridges of your fists. In this case, you can also perform squeezing and stroking.

From behind, the thigh is stroked, kneaded, squeezed and shaken. This complex is performed two times in succession, after which it is transferred to the other thigh.

By stroking and squeezing, the thigh and front are warmed up. At the end of the session, the specialist massages and kneads the calf muscles, as well as outside shins.

Healthy sleep for a hypotensive patient should last at least ten hours. A nap during the day will also be beneficial.
Do not get out of bed abruptly, as this may cause dizziness. Awakening should be pleasant and gradual.
Light gymnastics or exercises should also become a habit, since physical exercise improve blood supply to organs and brain.
It will also be useful cold and hot shower.
If you have hypotension, you need to eat about five times a day in small portions.
It is also worth ventilating your home more often and workplace. Fresh air helps normalize and maintain blood pressure at an optimal level and prevents headaches.
Workplace lighting is also important. Bright light promotes the production of the hormone endorphin, which charges us with vigor and positive mood.

Prevention of hypotension

The best prevention of the disease is a healthy lifestyle. You need to move a lot, walk in the fresh air, eat right and avoid stress. Do not abuse alcohol and coffee. In addition, you need to regularly monitor your blood pressure and visit a cardiologist.

Do not forget that massage for hypotension will be effective only if it is combined with a healthy lifestyle and other treatment methods. This will normalize blood pressure and relieve the symptoms of the disease.

Points (Fig. 15, 16):

N. 9 Shaochong(Shao-chun).

Location: at the inner corner of the root of the little finger nail (3 mm away from the edge of the nail).

N. 7 Shenmen(Shen-men).

Location: at the inner edge of the wrist fold.

K. 6 Zhaohai(Zhao-hai).

Location: 1 cross finger below the inner ankle.

K. 7 Fuliu(Fu-lu).

Location: 2 cross fingers above the inner ankle, 1 cross finger from tibia, in a small hole.

Regular light stroking of the points is carried out for 20–30 seconds in the morning.

Cupping for hypotension

Cupping massage is performed on the back along the spine (from the lower back to the cervical region), retreating 2–3 cm from it, with mandatory massage of the area of the 7th cervical vertebra (Fig. 17).

The skin in the massage area is lubricated with Vaseline or vegetable oil. A piece of cotton wool is tightly wrapped around tweezers, moistened with alcohol and set on fire. The burning wick is quickly placed in a clean, dry jar (medical or any glass, 0.2–0.5 l in volume) and immediately removed, after which the jar is quickly placed on the skin in the waist area. In this case, the skin should not be strongly drawn into the jar. The can is moved along right side back and forth along the axis of the spine, stepping back 2-3 cm from it, from the waist to the neck, until the skin is slightly reddened. The jar is moved on the left side of the back back and forth along the axis of the spine, 2-3 cm away from it, from the waist to the neck, until the skin is slightly reddened. The jar is moved from right to left and vice versa over the 7th cervical vertebra to severe redness skin, after which the jar is removed. The location of the 7th cervical vertebra can be determined as follows: the patient should try to touch his chest with his chin. In this position, move your hand along lower section back of the neck. The most protruding part of the spine is the area of the 7th cervical vertebra. When removing the can, hold the skin with one hand, and carefully lift the edge of the can with the thumb of the other hand. After the cupping massage, you need to cover yourself with a blanket and relax.

When performing a cupping massage, only minor painful sensations. After a cupping massage, bruises may form, which has an additional therapeutic effect.

A course of cupping massage for hypotension is carried out once a week for 1–1.5 months. The course is repeated 3-4 times a year.

SPECIAL WARNING! Do not overuse this procedure and do not use it more often than indicated!

Arterial hypotension or hypotension is a prolonged state of low blood pressure, in which the systolic pressure does not exceed 100 mmHg. Art., and diastolic - 60 mm Hg. Art. It develops as a result of a decrease in the tone of medium and small arteries due to violations of the adaptive ability of the circulatory system.

Arterial hypotension can be primary or secondary . Primary or essential hypotension can manifest itself either as hereditary predisposition to low blood pressure that does not go beyond normal limits, or as chronic illness. In the first case we talk about physiological hypotension, and in the second - about neurocirculatory asthenia. This is a disease characterized by certain symptoms, including weakness, dizziness, increased fatigue, headache, lethargy. However, there is still no consensus on whether arterial hypotension is a disease. Proponents of this point of view argue that arterial hypotension causes a whole complex clinical symptoms, requires treatment and can therefore be considered a disease. Their opponents object to this definition of hypotension and consider it not a disease, but a physiological property of the body. This point of view is due to the fact that arterial hypotension does not cause any pathological changes in the body and does not lead, unlike hypertension, to dire consequences.

There are two variants of the course of the disease depending on the predominance of inhibition (more often) or excitation processes in the cerebral cortex. At the same time, clinically, in one form, asthenic syndrome is observed with lethargy, lethargy, depression, drowsiness, and a persistent decrease in blood pressure. The headache is localized most often in the fronto-parietal and temporal regions, the pulse tends to decrease at rest, and in the evening the blood pressure does not change. Upon examination, the ophthalmologist reveals atony of the fundus vessels in the fundus.

In another form, increased irritability, superficial restless sleep, headaches in the occipital-parietal region, and a pronounced tendency for blood pressure to increase in the evening prevail; a tendency to increase heart rate at rest; an examination by an ophthalmologist reveals a spasm of the fundus vessels.
Concerning secondary arterial hypotension, she, just like secondary hypertension, occurs as a consequence of a number of diseases (for example, with peptic ulcer, anemia, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis), How side effect some medicines etc. In this case, arterial hypotension is clearly considered not as a disease that needs treatment, but as a symptom of a disease, the elimination of which will occur as a result of treatment of its underlying cause.

Most often women aged 30–40 years old, and sometimes younger women (from 19 to 30 years old) who engage in mental work, suffer from arterial hypotension. Arterial hypotension affects men less often, partly, apparently, due to the fact that men suffer much more often than women hypertension. In old age when affected atherosclerosis blood vessels may occur atherosclerotic hypotension characterized by loss of vascular tone and heart muscles as a result of atherosclerotic changes.
Hypotension can also occur in healthy people, for example, in athletes with constant high physical activity.

In this case, low blood pressure is a kind of protective measure of the body. The fact is that with constant overload, the body begins to work in a more “economical” mode, a person’s heart rate becomes less frequent and blood pressure decreases. This variant of the development of hypotension is called hypotension of training.
Pressure also decreases when a person adapts to a sudden change in climatic or weather conditions, for example, in a resident middle zone pressure may drop in high altitudes, in the Arctic, or, conversely, in the tropics. In addition, other factors can influence the pressure level, lowering it: increased humidity, the influence of electromagnetic fields, radiation, etc. Hypotension may also be a manifestation of certain types allergic reactions.

Compared to many others vascular dysfunctions, For example, hypertension, hypotension seems to be a harmless ailment. But, nevertheless, it causes a lot of inconvenience to people with low blood pressure and partly prevents them from leading a full life. Moreover, constantly low blood pressure may lead to the development of more serious malfunctions various systems body. Therefore, treatment of hypotension, like any vascular diseases must be carried out under the guidance cardiologist, timely and competently.

Treatment of hypotensive conditions is aimed at eliminating the cause and the main pathogenetic factor. Tonics and vasopressor drugs are prescribed, massage, exercise, tea, coffee are recommended.

Helps with hypotension and all kinds of vascular training, for example, contrast showers, dousing cold water, bath or sauna, massage And hydromassage . But here, as in everything else, a sense of proportion and the ability to listen to your body is very important for hypotensive people. Temperature changes should not be too sudden, and “acquaintance” with bath procedures should be started gradually, avoiding everything that causes discomfort.

As for dousing, it is better to douse yourself entirely, with your head, so that there is no difference in the tone of the vessels of the head and the rest of the body.

Massage treatments, like moderate ones physical exercise, have a positive effect on hypotensive patients. Massage for hypotension strengthens the body and improves functioning cardiovascular, nervous(regulation of blood circulation), muscular systems , metabolism, helps you learn to alternate between relaxation and muscle contraction.

Goals of massage: reduce headache, increase blood pressure, help normalize the psycho-emotional state, increase performance, prevent possible crises, strengthen reflex connections of the cerebral cortex with cardiovascular system, improve general hemodynamics and the condition of angioreceptors, eliminate congestion in the abdominal cavity.

The massage technique and its dosage depend on the patient’s condition and the clinical manifestation of the disease. It is also possible to use a general massage with an emphasis on the lumbosacral region, lower limbs and abdomen. The first general massage procedures are short, no more than 30 minutes, the massage is light, as the condition improves, kneading techniques are added and the duration of the massage is increased. Initially, the massage consists mainly of stroking and rubbing techniques, then light kneading and intermittent light vibration with high frequency are included. During a general massage, attention is paid to large muscle groups.

Approximate diagram massage and the content of the massage procedure with arterial hypotension

With the patient in the initial position lying on his stomach, the following is performed:

1. Back and shoulder massage

2. Massage of the lumbosacral region and buttocks

With the patient in the initial position lying on his back, the following is performed:

1. Massage of the lower extremities overall plan

2. Abdominal massage

3. Massage the front surface chest(preparatory)

4. Massage upper limbs(according to the general plan)

5. Massage the forehead and scalp

You can massage only the lumbosacral area for reflex influence to the adrenal glands, then to the lower extremities and abdomen.

In the initial position of the patient lying on his stomach, the lumbosacral region is massaged.

1. Spiral stroking, starting from the buttocks to the level of the 10th thoracic vertebra.

2. Alternate rubbing in an oblique direction in the same place.

3. Separate-sequential stroking.

4. Sawing.

5. Ironing (1 option).

6. Spiral rubbing with four 4 fingers of both hands.

7. Ironing (2 option).

8. Semicircular kneading.

9. Separate-sequential stroking.

10. Light patting or chopping.

11.Spiral-shaped light stroking.

In the initial position of the patient lying on his back, the lower extremities are massaged according to the method of general massage. Techniques are performed in a proximal direction, trying to cover the leg from all sides.

1. Embracing continuous stroking.

2. Alternate rubbing.

3. Embracing continuous stroking.

4. Spiral rubbing with four fingers.

5. Embracing continuous stroking.

6. Longitudinal intermittent kneading.

7. Embracing continuous stroking.

8. Intermittent transverse kneading.

9. Embracing continuous stroking.

10. Shaking or patting.

11.Embracing continuous stroking.

In the same initial position of the patient, a massage of the abdominal area is performed - a light short massage of the abdominal muscles.

1. Superficial circular planar stroking over the entire surface of the abdomen.

2. Alternate rubbing.

3. Light circular flat stroking.

4. Easy sawing.

5. Stroking the rectus and oblique abdominal muscles.

6. Light spiral rubbing with four fingers.

7. Combined stroking.

8. Light transverse intermittent kneading.

9.Light combined stroking.
10. Concussion.

11. Light circular flat stroking.

The duration of the massage of the lumbosacral region, lower extremities and abdomen is 25-30 minutes, a course of 20-25 procedures daily. It is recommended to repeat after 1.5-2 months.

Gives good results hardware massage hemispherical rubber vibratode. It is carried out in the area of large veins of the neck on both sides towards the heart, then gentle vibrations are performed in the 4-5 intercostal spaces for 2-3 minutes. Vibration of the cardiac region increases the tone of the heart muscle, relieves painful sensations in the heart area, improves heart rhythm and conductivity of intracardial nerve pathways, coordinates the work of various parts of the heart.

There are primary or neurocirculatory, hypotension and secondary or symptomatic. Massage helps reduce the manifestations of the disease.

Secondary hypotension occurs as a result of functional disorders of the nervous and cardiovascular systems that occur after infectious and peptic ulcers, traumatic brain injuries, with functional disorders of the endocrine glands, etc.

During the process of recovery from the underlying disease, blood pressure also normalizes. The disease manifests itself:

feeling of general weakness, lethargy;
headaches of varying intensity and localization;
dizziness, with the intention to quickly change the position of the body - darkening in the eyes;
increased irritability, insomnia;
unpleasant sensations in the heart area;
decreased blood pressure and pulse lability with a tendency to bradycardia;
decreased performance.

The task of massage

normalize the functional state of the somatic and autonomic nervous system;
improve the neuropsychic status and resistance of the body to the negative influence of environmental factors;
speed up recovery from diseases that lower blood pressure;
contribute to the elimination of clinical manifestations of the disease.

Indications for massage: neurocirculatory dystonia of the hypotonic type, symptomatic hypotension.

Contraindications for massage:

severe general condition of the patient;
significant decrease in blood pressure (below 90/60 mmHg;
exacerbation of clinical symptoms;
general contraindications.

Massage plan

Collar area massage.
Massage of paravertebral and reflexogenic zones of innervation of S5-S1 L5-L1 spinal segments.
Massage of the pelvis, abdomen and lower extremities.

Massage technique

Spiral rubbing of the back of the head, mastoid processes, posterior and lateral cervical, scapular, subclavian, deltoid areas. The following sequence of rubbing is effective: occipital region - sawing, lateral and back cervical areas - straight rubbing with fingers, trapezius muscle (upper edge) - enveloping rubbing with the entire palm or intersection. The brushes move in parallel, in opposite phases.

Rubbing the VII cervical vertebra: circular rubbing of the spinous process, with the thumb - in a spiral manner or with several fingers from the vertebra outwards by 2-2.5 cm and returning back in the same way. Thus, a massage is carried out in the form of the rays of the sun (“sun”). The speed of movement and the force of pressing gradually increase.

Parovertebral zones are massaged with the patient lying on his stomach. Massage of the spinal zones is carried out from below to the overlying spinal segments S5-S1 and L5-L1: planar stroking, rubbing with spiral fingers, shading, rake-like rubbing of the interspinous spaces, spiral rubbing with the fingers of the spinous processes, sacrum. Knead the long back muscles by shifting, pressing, stretching with the fingers, the supporting part of the hand, or using a rake.

Massage of the gluteal areas is performed:

superficial and deep stroking;
rubbing muscles, sawing, crossing, shading;
longitudinal and transverse comb-like kneading, displacement, pressing with a hand, fist, or a weighted hand. Pressure force and range of movements gradually increase.
slow, then fast shaking of the muscles, patting, chopping;
iliac crests - spiral rubbing with fingers;
Finish the massage of the area of the sciatic nerve with stroking.

The lower limbs are massaged with the patient in the supine position, and a cushion is placed under the knees. Perform:

planar stroking of the foot, superficial and deep grasping stroking of the lower leg and thigh with two hands, moving parallel or sequentially in the direction of the inguinal lymph nodes;
rubbing with the palmar surface of both hands placed parallel in opposite directions;
rubbing spiral or straight with a brush or fist of one or two hands;
comb-like rubbing, sawing of the thigh area;
transverse and longitudinal kneading, felting the muscles of the lower leg and thigh;
patting, chopping, shaking, shaking the lower limb;
stroking at the end and between techniques.

Massage the anterior abdominal wall, kneading by rolling the skin and muscles, transversely kneading with both hands from the pubic bone upward.

The effect of massage on the state of the body during hypotomy. Therapeutic techniques used

The task of massage

Massage plan

Massage technique

Is it possible to do massage with high or low blood pressure and hypotension?

The effect of a massage procedure on normalizing blood pressure

Head massage for low blood pressure and hypotension

Rules for preparing for massage

Therapeutic techniques used

Classical

The classical technique always assumes a certain sequence with zones. The procedure begins with the cervical-collar region and ends with the abdominal area.

During the procedure, the patient experiences a slight sensation of pleasant warmth at the point of pressure.

For the collar area

For the back

For the neck

For the head

Self-massage for hypotension

Contraindications

Features of massage for low blood pressure

What's the benefit?

Massage techniques

Classical

Canning

Stone massage

Spot

Contraindications

Does acupressure help with hypotension?

Types of massage for hypotension

Chinese acupressure massage

Self-massage for hypotension

Basic massage techniques

Sequence of the procedure

Massage technique for hypotension

Reasons for low blood pressure

Why is it so important to quickly increase blood pressure?

Acupressure

Massage technique

Prevention of hypotension

Cupping for hypotension

The task of massage

Massage plan

Massage technique

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